1. According to your understanding, what is the software interface?
It refers to the classes or functions that are specifically responsible for transmitting or receiving data between different modules and processing them.
2. What is the difference between HTTP and HTTPS protocols?
The https protocol requires a CA (Certificate Authority) to apply for a certificate. Generally, there are fewer free certificates, so a certain fee
is required; http is a hypertext transfer protocol, and information is transmitted in plain text. The Https protocol is constructed by the SSL+Http protocol. The network protocol for encrypted transmission and identity authentication is safer than the http protocol; http and https use completely different connection methods and use different ports. The former is 80 and the latter is 443;
3. Which layer is HTTPS on? ?
HTTPS is at the application layer.
4. What is the difference between get and post?
Both POST and GET submit data to the server, and both get data from the server.
Differences:
1) Transmission method: get is transmitted through the address bar, post is transmitted through the message
2) Transmission length: The get parameter has a length limit (limited by the length of the url), and post has no limit
3) GET generates a TCP data packet (for For GET requests, the browser will send the http header and data together, and the server will respond with 200 to return data. POST generates two TCP data packets (for POST, the browser first sends the header, the server responds with 100 continue, and the browser then Send data, the server responds with 200 ok to return data)
4) Get request parameters will be completely retained in the browsing history, but the parameters in the post will not be retained
5) When doing data query, it is recommended to use the GET method; while doing When adding, modifying or deleting data, it is recommended to use the post method.
5.
There are four common POST data submission methods: application/x-www-form-urlencoded, multipart/form-data, application/json, text/xml, etc. .
6. What is the Http protocol stateless protocol? How to solve the HTTP protocol stateless protocol
Stateless means that the protocol has no memory capacity for transaction processing, and the server does not know the state of the client. That is, after we send an HTTP request to the server, the server will send us data according to the request, but after sending it, no information will be recorded. HTTP is a stateless protocol, which means that each request is independent, and Keep-Alive has not changed this result. The lack of status means that if the previous information is needed for subsequent processing, it must be retransmitted, which may result in an increase in the amount of data transmitted per connection. On the other hand, when the server does not need previous information, its response is faster. This feature of the HTTP protocol has advantages and disadvantages. The advantage is that it liberates the server, and each request "point-to-stop" will not cause unnecessary connection occupation. The disadvantage is that each request will transmit a large amount of repeated content information. After the emergence of web applications where the client and the server interact dynamically, the stateless nature of HTTP has seriously hindered the implementation of these applications. After all, interaction requires a link between the past and the future. A simple shopping cart program must also know what the user has chosen before. commodity. Thus, two technologies for maintaining HTTP connection status came into being, one is Cookie, and the other is Session.
7. The difference between cookie and session.
Cookie data is stored on the client’s browser. The session data on the server is
not very secure. Others can analyze the cookies stored locally and perform cookie spoofing. Taking into account the security, you should use the session
session. Saved on the server for a certain period of time. When the number of visits increases, it will take up the performance of your server. Considering to reduce server performance, cookies should be used to
save data that cannot exceed 4K. Many browsers limit a site to save up to 20 cookies
to store important information such as login information. It is session; other information needs to be saved and can be placed in cookie
8. Common return status codes in the request interface
1xx - Information prompt (indicating a temporary response. The client is ready to receive one or more 1xx responses before receiving a regular response)
2xx - Success (indicating that the server successfully accepted the client request)
3xx - Redirection ( The client browser must take more actions to fulfill the request. For example, the browser may have to request a different page on the server, or repeat the request through a proxy server)
4xx - Client error (sending error, client has a problem For example, the client requests a page that does not exist, and the client does not provide valid ID verification information)
5xx-server error (the server cannot complete the request due to an error)
common return codes are:
• 200 OK-[ GET]: The server successfully returned the data requested by the user
• 201 CREATED-[POST/PUT/PATCH]: The user created or modified data successfully
• 202 Aceepted-[ ]: Indicates that a request has entered the background queue (asynchronous task)
• 204 NO CONTENT -[DELETE]: The user deletes the data successfully
• 400 INVALID REQUEST-[POST/PUT/PATCH]: The request sent by the user has an error, and the server does not create or modify data
• 401 Unauthorized -[ ]: Indicates that the user has no authority ( Token, username, password error)
• 403 Forbidden -[ ]: indicates that the user is authorized (as opposed to the 401 error), but access is forbidden
• 404 NOT FOUND -[ ]: The request sent by the user is for a record that does not exist , The server is not operating, the operation is idempotent
• 406 Not Acceptable-[GET]: The format of the user request is not available (for example, the user requests JSON format, but only XML format)
• 500 INTERNAL SERVER ERROR-[*]: The server has an error, and the user will not be able to determine whether the request is successful
[Edit, test, edit] The teaching content is:
Basic knowledge of testing, project combat, test management, agile testing, exploratory testing, APP testing, Linux, database, test environment construction, Python programming, WEB UI automation testing, APP UI automation, interface function testing, performance testing, interfaces Automated testing, Jenkins continuous integration, etc.
Through learning, students can master the latest technology of software testing companies, benchmark the requirements of first-line Internet companies, so that students can reach the level of intermediate and senior test engineers, and can quickly integrate into the actual work of the company after graduation.
No matter you are a liberal arts student, a junior college student, a basic zero, or a female student, you can easily learn it!