pyqt5 example-pycharm implements the guessing game

1. Design the interface

As shown below, using the interface designed by QTdesigner:

Then convert the designed interface into a .py file:

guess_number.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'guess_number.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.2
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(580, 328)
        icon = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("../../../Icon/Comment.svg"), QtGui.QIcon.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.Off)
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("../../../Icon/Comment.svg"), QtGui.QIcon.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.On)
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("../../../Icon/Comment.svg"), QtGui.QIcon.Disabled, QtGui.QIcon.Off)
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("../../../Icon/Comment.svg"), QtGui.QIcon.Disabled, QtGui.QIcon.On)
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("../../../Icon/Comment.svg"), QtGui.QIcon.Active, QtGui.QIcon.Off)
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("../../../Icon/Comment.svg"), QtGui.QIcon.Active, QtGui.QIcon.On)
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("../../../Icon/Comment.svg"), QtGui.QIcon.Selected, QtGui.QIcon.Off)
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("../../../Icon/Comment.svg"), QtGui.QIcon.Selected, QtGui.QIcon.On)
        MainWindow.setWindowIcon(icon)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.gridLayout_4 = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.centralwidget)
        self.gridLayout_4.setObjectName("gridLayout_4")
        spacerItem = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(20, 50, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        self.gridLayout_4.addItem(spacerItem, 0, 1, 1, 1)
        spacerItem1 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(181, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
        self.gridLayout_4.addItem(spacerItem1, 1, 3, 1, 1)
        spacerItem2 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(180, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
        self.gridLayout_4.addItem(spacerItem2, 1, 0, 1, 1)
        self.gridLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
        self.gridLayout_3.setObjectName("gridLayout_3")
        spacerItem3 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(17, 37, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        self.gridLayout_3.addItem(spacerItem3, 0, 2, 1, 1)
        self.gridLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
        self.gridLayout_2.setObjectName("gridLayout_2")
        self.button = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.button.setObjectName("button")
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.button, 2, 1, 1, 1)
        self.inputnumber = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.inputnumber.setObjectName("inputnumber")
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.inputnumber, 0, 0, 1, 3)
        spacerItem4 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
        self.gridLayout_2.addItem(spacerItem4, 2, 2, 1, 1)
        spacerItem5 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
        self.gridLayout_2.addItem(spacerItem5, 2, 0, 1, 1)
        spacerItem6 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(20, 40, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        self.gridLayout_2.addItem(spacerItem6, 1, 1, 1, 1)
        self.gridLayout_3.addLayout(self.gridLayout_2, 1, 1, 2, 2)
        spacerItem7 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(37, 17, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
        self.gridLayout_3.addItem(spacerItem7, 1, 3, 1, 1)
        spacerItem8 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(37, 17, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
        self.gridLayout_3.addItem(spacerItem8, 1, 0, 1, 1)
        spacerItem9 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(17, 37, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        self.gridLayout_3.addItem(spacerItem9, 3, 1, 1, 1)
        self.gridLayout_4.addLayout(self.gridLayout_3, 1, 1, 1, 2)
        spacerItem10 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(20, 49, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        self.gridLayout_4.addItem(spacerItem10, 2, 2, 1, 1)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 580, 28))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "猜数游戏"))
        self.button.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "我猜"))
        self.inputnumber.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "在这里输入数字"))

2. Specific realization of the functions of the ui interface

If you use the generated .py file directly, it is not very convenient to use, and the regenerated .py file will be directly overwritten after the interface is modified. Here I use a new class to directly obtain the previously designed interface to separate the algorithm from the interface program. Upload the code.

main.py

import sys
import guess_number
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QMessageBox, QWidget
from random import randint


class guess_ui(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        # get ui from guess_number
        super().__init__()
        self.num = randint(1, 100)
        self.MainWindow = QMainWindow()
        self.InitUI()

    def InitUI(self):
        ui = guess_number.Ui_MainWindow()
        ui.setupUi(self)
        button = self.findChild(QWidget, 'button')
        button.clicked.connect(self.show_message)
        self.show()
        # self.MainWindow.show()

    def show_message(self):
        inputnumber = self.findChild(QWidget, 'inputnumber')
        guessnumber = int(inputnumber.text())
        print(guessnumber)
        if guessnumber > self.num:
            QMessageBox.about(self, 'see the result', 'bigger!')
            inputnumber.setFocus()
        elif guessnumber < self.num:
            QMessageBox.about(self, 'see the result', 'smaller!')
            inputnumber.setFocus()
        else:
            QMessageBox.about(self, 'see the result', 'true')
            self.num = randint(1, 100)
            inputnumber.clear()
            inputnumber.setFocus()

    def closeEvent(self, event):
        reply = QMessageBox.question(self, 'confirm', 'Are you sure?', QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No)
        if reply == QMessageBox.Yes:
            event.accept()
        else:
            event.ignore()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    guess = guess_ui()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

3. Analysis of part of the code

class guess_ui(QMainWindow):

Inherit this class directly from QMainWindow to rewrite the QT event. The event reproduction code is as follows:

    def closeEvent(self, event):
        reply = QMessageBox.question(self, 'confirm', 'Are you sure?', QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No)
        if reply == QMessageBox.Yes:
            event.accept()
        else:
            event.ignore()

The definition of the button in the interface file is directly add in, so to define a control function, you must first obtain the control. The code is as follows:

button = self.findChild(QWidget, 'button')