LVM logical volume creation and expansion

1: The creation and expansion of LVM

逻辑卷管理(LVM)在 Linux 系统中扮演着重要的角色,它可以提高可用性、磁盘 I/O、性能和磁盘管理的能力。
你打算把两个10G磁盘合成一个磁盘来使用,它们是 /dev/sdb、/dev/sdc 。

Run the following command to discover the newly added LUN or disk in Linux:

[root@test3 ~]#  fdisk -l

LVM logical volume creation and expansion

pvcreate creates a physical volume

语法: pvcreate disk disk......
[root@test3 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb /dev/sdc

View physical volume pvs or pvdisplay (show more detailed information)

LVM logical volume creation and expansion

Please note:
  上面的命令将删除给定磁盘 /dev/sdb、/dev/sdc 上的所有数据。

vgcreate creates a volume group (use vgs or vgdisplay to view volume group information)

语法:     vgcreate [卷组名] [物理卷名]
[root@test3 ~]#  vgcreate vg_name  disk disk ........
[root@test3 ~]# vgcreate vg01 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc

LVM logical volume creation and expansion

lvcreate creates a logical volume

语法:     lvcreate –n [逻辑卷名] –L [逻辑卷大小] [要创建的 LV 所在的卷组名称]
    [root@test3 ~]# lvcreate -n lv001 -L 19.99G vg01

LVM logical volume creation and expansion
Use the lvs and lvdisplay commands to display the information of the LV you created:
LVM logical volume creation and expansion

Format disk file system

mkfs –t [文件系统类型] /dev/[LV 所在的卷组名称]/[LV 名称]
[root@test3 ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vg01/lv001

LVM logical volume creation and expansion

Create a directory and mount LV Luo just press

 [root@test3 ~]# mkdir  /data/hanye
 [root@test3 ~]# mount /dev/vg01/lv001  /data/hanye/
 [root@test3 ~]# df -h     

LVM logical volume creation and expansion

Add boot auto mount to fstab file
echo "/dev/vg01/lv001 /data/hanye ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

2: LVM expansion and increase (lvextend)

扩展逻辑卷前提:
    检查逻辑卷(LV)所在的卷组中是否有足够的未分配磁盘空间
    将物理磁盘转换为物理卷(PV)
    扩展卷组
    增加逻辑卷大小
    扩大文件系统
    检查扩展的文件系统大小

Expand lvextend when the original logical volume is left

    语法:    lvextend [要增加的额外空间] [现有逻辑卷名称]
            [root@test3 ~]# lvextend -L +10G /dev/vg01/lv001  #增加lv001磁盘10G

Add disk expansion

新增磁盘 /dev/sdd(10G) 新磁盘

LVM logical volume creation and expansion

Create physical volumes and add volume groups
[root@test3 ~]#    pvcreate /dev/sdd
[root@test3 ~]# vgextend vg01 /dev/sdd

LVM logical volume creation and expansion

Add to logical volume
语法:     lvextend [要增加的额外空间] [现有逻辑卷名称]
[root@test3 ~]# lvextend -L +5G /dev/vg01/lv001  #扩增5G磁盘

LVM logical volume creation and expansion

Now that the logical volume has been expanded, you need to adjust the size of the file system to expand the space in the logical volume
检查逻辑卷
[root@test3 ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg01/lv001
调整逻辑卷
[root@test3 ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg01/lv001 #对于xfs 需要(xfs_growfs /dev/vg01/lv001)

LVM logical volume creation and expansion

df view disk size

LVM logical volume creation and expansion

3: Reduction of LVM

减少/缩小逻辑卷是数据损坏的最高风险
    如果可能的话,尽量避免这种情况。
缩减 LVM 之前,建议先做一个备份。
当你在 LVM 中的磁盘空间耗尽时,你可以通过缩小现有的没有使用全部空间的 LVM,而不是增加一个新的物理磁盘,在卷组上腾出一些空闲空间。
需要注意的是: 在 GFS2 或者 XFS 文件系统上不支持缩小。    

Steps

Need to unmount the file system

  • [root@test3 ~]# umount /data/hanye/
    Check the file system (whether it is damaged)
  • [root@test3 ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg01/lv001
    Reduce size
  • Syntax: resize2fs [existing logical volume name] [new file system size]
  • resize2fs /dev/vg01/lv001 80G Shrink the disk to 15G
    Shrink the logical volume
  • Syntax: lvreduce [new LVM size] [existing logical volume name]
  • lvreduce -L 80G /dev/vg01/lv001 Reduce the disk to 15G
    and recheck the file system (whether it is damaged)
  • e2fsck -f /dev/vg01/lv001
    mount system files
  • mount /data/hanye/
    check if the logical volume is reduced
  • df -h

    Unmount the logical volume

    [root@test3 ~]# umount /data/hanye/
    [root@test3 ~]# lvremove /dev/vg01/lv001
    [root@test3 ~]# vgremove vg01
    [root@test3 ~]# pvremove /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd

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Origin blog.51cto.com/9025736/2555627