51 single-chip microcomputer is a collective name for all single-chip microcomputers compatible with Intel 8031 instruction system. The 51 single-chip microcomputer is a basic single-chip microcomputer, and it is the most widely used one. It should be noted that the 51 series microcontrollers generally do not have the ability to self-program.
The STM32 series is based on the ARM Cortex-M3 core specially designed for embedded applications that require high performance, low cost, and low power consumption.
The main differences between the two are as follows:
1. Core: 51 single-chip microcomputer uses 51 Core, 8Bit@2MHz Max (after frequency division), 0.06DMIPS; STM32 uses ARM Cortex-M3, 32Bit@72MHz, 1.25DMIPS
2. Address space: 51 single-chip microcomputer has only 64KB; STM32 has 4GB
3. On-chip storage: 51 single-chip microcomputer ROM only has 2K-64K, RAM only 128B-1K; STM32 ROM is 20K-1MB, RAM has 8K-256K
4. External Suppose: 51 single-chip microcomputer has only three timers and one serial port; STM32 has AD, DA, Timer, WWDG, IWDG, CRC, DMA, IIC, SPI, USART and many other peripherals.
5. Development tools: 51 single-chip uses early UV2; and STM32 uses UV4, or even higher
6. Operating system: 51 single-chip microcomputer even RTOS is difficult to run; STM32 uses uClinux, uC/OS
In general, 51 is lighter than 51, and STM32 is powerful as STM32. First of all, 51 is the easiest to get started, relatively easy to learn, with few functions, and convenient to control. But the speed and function are not as powerful as STM32. STM32 is 32bit and has rich peripheral interfaces, but it is a bit difficult to get started. Furthermore, the speed of 51 can be faster, but after all, it is 8bit, 51 is mostly von Neumann structure, STM32 is Haval structure, and the data processing is very fast.