1. Determine the system version
Linux kernel >= 2.6.22 (released in 2007, repaired until October 18, 2016)
2. Create a new low-privileged user and switch to this user
3. Download dirty cow exp
Download link: https://link.jianshu.com/?t=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FFireFart%2Fdirtycow
4. Compile
5. Upload the compiled exp to the target machine
./dirty new password for privilege escalation