Write catalog title here
When we usually want to print pictures, we hope to add time and place to the photos so that we won’t forget them when we see them in the future.
Manually adding one by one is too troublesome and error-prone. The following is how to use the code to get the shooting time and location of the original picture, and add a watermark. The processing of jpeg and jpg files has been tested and passed under Mac OS.
effect
First, let's look at the effect. The first picture is the original picture, and the second picture is the picture after adding the watermark time and place:
Modules needed
exifread
PIL
requests
json
Processing steps and code explanation
1. Get the shooting time of the photo
Here we need to use the exifread module to get the time when the photo was taken. 1
def getPhotoTime(filename):
'''得到照片的拍照时间（如果获取不到拍照时间，则使用文件的创建时间）
'''
try:
if os.path.isfile(filename):
fd = open(filename, 'rb')
else:
raise "[%s] is not a file!\n" % filename
except:
raise "unopen file[%s]\n" % filename
#默认用图像文件的创建日期作为拍摄日期（如果有照片的拍摄日期，则修改为拍摄日期
state = os.stat(filename)
dateStr = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(state[-2]))
data = exifread.process_file( fd )
if data: #取得照片的拍摄日期，改为拍摄日期
try:
t = data['EXIF DateTimeOriginal'] #转换成 yyyy-mm-dd_hh:mm:ss的格式
dateStr = str(t).replace(":","-")[:10] + str(t)[10:]
except:
pass
return dateStr
2. Get the photo location
Here we still need to use the exifread module to get the latitude and longitude of the photo taken, and use Baidu's api inverse geocoding to get the corresponding specific location. 2
Note that before using Baidu's api, you need to go to the Baidu map open platform to register an account and apply for secret_key. You can refer to others' application ak 3 .
def format_lat_lng(data):
'将exif得到的经纬度转化成数值， 这个有点笨重'
list_tmp=str(data).replace('[', '').replace(']', '').split(',')
l= [ele.strip() for ele in list_tmp]
data_sec = int(l[-1].split('/')[0]) /(int(l[-1].split('/')[1])*3600)# 秒的值
data_minute = int(l[1])/60
data_degree = int(l[0])
result=data_degree + data_minute + data_sec
return result
def getLocationBy_lat_lng(lat, lng):
"""
使用Geocoding API把经纬度坐标转换为结构化地址。需要注册baidu map api的key
"""
secret_key = 'XXXXX你得ak密钥' # 请修改这里
# 使用说明http://lbsyun.baidu.com/index.php?title=webapi/guide/webservice-geocoding-abroad
baidu_map_api = 'http://api.map.baidu.com/reverse_geocoding/v3/?ak={0}&output=json&coordtype=wgs84ll&location={1},{2}'.format(
secret_key, lat, lng)
response = requests.get(baidu_map_api)
content = response.text
baidu_map_address = json.loads(content)
formatted_address = baidu_map_address["result"]["formatted_address"]
return formatted_address
def getLocation(filename):
'得到照片的拍照位置（如果获取不到，则为空字符串）'
try:
if os.path.isfile(filename):
fd = open(filename, 'rb')
else:
raise "[%s] is not a file!\n" % filename
except:
raise "unopen file[%s]\n" % filename
# 图像文件的拍摄地址默认为空
locationStr= ''
data = exifread.process_file( fd )
if data: #取得照片的拍摄位置
try:
lat= format_lat_lng(data['GPS GPSLatitude']) # [34, 12, 9286743/200000] -> xx.xxxxx
lng= format_lat_lng(data['GPS GPSLongitude']) # [108, 57, 56019287/1000000] -> xx.xxxx
locationStr= getLocationBy_lat_lng(lat, lng)
except:
pass
return locationStr
3. The picture is normalized
For photos taken by mobile phones, cameras and other devices, due to the different handheld orientations, the photos taken may be rotated 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°. Even if they are corrected by software on the computer, their exif information will still retain the location information.
When reading these images with PIL, the original data is read. That is to say, even if a normal photo is displayed on the computer screen, after reading it with PIL, it may be a rotated image, and the size of the picture may also be the same The screen is different.
In this case, you can use PIL to read the orientation information in exif, and then correct the picture based on this information, and then perform subsequent operations, as follows. 4
def orientate(img):
'''利用PIL读取exif中的orientation信息，然后根据这个信息将图片转正后，再进行后续操作
'''
try:
orientation= None
for i in ExifTags.TAGS.keys() :
if ExifTags.TAGS[i]=='Orientation' : # 肯定会找到orientation，所以不需要对None做处理
orientation= i
break
exif=dict(img._getexif().items())
if exif[orientation] == 3 :
img=img.rotate(180, expand = True)
elif exif[orientation] == 6 :
img=img.rotate(270, expand = True)
elif exif[orientation] == 8 :
img=img.rotate(90, expand = True)
except:
pass
return img
4. Add watermark
The last step is to add a watermark. This step is to integrate the above steps for processing.
This step adjusts the font size (size), font position (d_width, d_height) and font fill color (fillcolor) according to different picture needs. 5
def add_watermark(filename, text):
'为照片文件添加水印，filename是照片文件名，text是水印时间和位置'
# 创建输出文件夹
outdir= 'watermark/'
mymkdir(outdir)
# 创建绘画对象
image= Image.open(filename)
image= orientate(image) # 将图片转正
draw= ImageDraw.Draw(image)
width, height= image.size # 宽度，高度
size= int(0.04*width) # 字体大小(可以调整0.04)
myfont= ImageFont.truetype('/Library/Fonts/Arial Unicode.ttf', size=size) # 80, 4032*3024
#fillcolor= '#000000' # RGB黑色
fillcolor= '#fbfafe'
# 参数一：位置（x轴，y轴）；参数二：填写内容；参数三：字体；参数四：颜色
d_width, d_height=0.5*width, 0.92*height # 字体的相对位置（0.5, 0.92可以根据图片调整）
draw.text((d_width, d_height), text, font=myfont, fill=fillcolor) # (-1200, -320)
new_filename= get_new_filename(filename)
image.save(outdir + new_filename)
Complete code
The following is the complete code with a link to github (the original example picture is in the link ).
'''
批量给图片增加时间水印的Python脚本程序【目前测试为Mac OS X下的jpeg文件】。
遍历指定目录（含子目录）的照片文件，根据拍照时间给照片在右下角添加时间和地点的水印。
！该程序需要安装exifread，PIL，requests等模块，否则无法使用。
例如，Linux/Mac OS X下命令行安装该模块：sudo pip install exifread
！该程序需要加baidu api的secret_key（在getLocationBy_lat_lng函数中）；
！该程序可以手动调整字体大小（size），字体位置（d_width,d_height）和字体填充颜色（fillcolor）（在add_watermark函数中）。
获取拍照时间 From 'https://www.racksam.com/2014/05/14/python-script-to-change-pictures-filenames/'
拍照地点 参考 http://lbsyun.baidu.com/index.php?title=webapi/guide/webservice-geocoding-abroad
watermark 参考 https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_30561177/article/details/97609897
orientation 参考 https://blog.csdn.net/mizhenpeng/article/details/82794112
'''
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
import stat
import time
import math
import exifread
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ExifTags
import requests
import json
'=================分割线==================='
# 创建文件夹
def mymkdir(path):
if not os.path.exists(path):
os.mkdir(path)
# 判断是否是支持的文件类型
SUFFIX_FILTER = ['.jpg','.png','.mpg','.mp4','.thm','.bmp','.jpeg','.avi','.mov'] # 仅测试了jpeg，jpg
def isTargetedFileType(filename):
'根据文件扩展名，判断是否是需要处理的文件类型；仅支持x.x格式'
filename_nopath = os.path.basename(filename)
f,e = os.path.splitext(filename_nopath)
if e.lower() in SUFFIX_FILTER:
return True
else:
return False
# 新文件的名字
def get_new_filename(filename):
f, e= filename.split('.')
return "%s_watermark.%s" % (f, e)
'=================分割线==================='
'=================begin{得到照片的拍摄时间}==================='
def getPhotoTime(filename):
'''得到照片的拍照时间（如果获取不到拍照时间，则使用文件的创建时间）
'''
try:
if os.path.isfile(filename):
fd = open(filename, 'rb')
else:
raise "[%s] is not a file!\n" % filename
except:
raise "unopen file[%s]\n" % filename
#默认用图像文件的创建日期作为拍摄日期（如果有照片的拍摄日期，则修改为拍摄日期
state = os.stat(filename)
dateStr = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(state[-2]))
data = exifread.process_file( fd )
if data: #取得照片的拍摄日期，改为拍摄日期
try:
t = data['EXIF DateTimeOriginal'] #转换成 yyyy-mm-dd_hh:mm:ss的格式
dateStr = str(t).replace(":","-")[:10] + str(t)[10:]
except:
pass
return dateStr
'=================end{得到照片的拍摄时间}==================='
'=================begin{得到照片的拍摄地点}==================='
def format_lat_lng(data):
'将exif得到的经纬度转化成数值， 这个有点笨重'
list_tmp=str(data).replace('[', '').replace(']', '').split(',')
l= [ele.strip() for ele in list_tmp]
data_sec = int(l[-1].split('/')[0]) /(int(l[-1].split('/')[1])*3600)# 秒的值
data_minute = int(l[1])/60
data_degree = int(l[0])
result=data_degree + data_minute + data_sec
return result
def getLocationBy_lat_lng(lat, lng):
"""
使用Geocoding API把经纬度坐标转换为结构化地址。需要注册baidu map api的key
"""
secret_key = 'XXXXX你得ak密钥' # 请修改这里
# 使用说明http://lbsyun.baidu.com/index.php?title=webapi/guide/webservice-geocoding-abroad
baidu_map_api = 'http://api.map.baidu.com/reverse_geocoding/v3/?ak={0}&output=json&coordtype=wgs84ll&location={1},{2}'.format(
secret_key, lat, lng)
response = requests.get(baidu_map_api)
content = response.text
baidu_map_address = json.loads(content)
formatted_address = baidu_map_address["result"]["formatted_address"]
return formatted_address
def getLocation(filename):
'得到照片的拍照位置（如果获取不到，则为空字符串）'
try:
if os.path.isfile(filename):
fd = open(filename, 'rb')
else:
raise "[%s] is not a file!\n" % filename
except:
raise "unopen file[%s]\n" % filename
# 图像文件的拍摄地址默认为空
locationStr= ''
data = exifread.process_file( fd )
if data: #取得照片的拍摄位置
try:
lat= format_lat_lng(data['GPS GPSLatitude']) # [34, 12, 9286743/200000] -> xx.xxxxx
lng= format_lat_lng(data['GPS GPSLongitude']) # [108, 57, 56019287/1000000] -> xx.xxxx
locationStr= getLocationBy_lat_lng(lat, lng)
except:
pass
return locationStr
'=================end{得到照片的拍摄地点}==================='
def orientate(img):
'''对于手机、相机等设备拍摄的照片，由于手持方向的不同，拍出来的照片可能是旋转0°、90°、180°和270°。即使在电脑上利用软件将其转正，他们的exif信息中还是会保留方位信息。
在用PIL读取这些图像时，读取的是原始数据，也就是说，即使电脑屏幕上显示是正常的照片，用PIL读进来后，也可能是旋转的图像，并且图片的size也可能与屏幕上的不一样。
对于这种情况，可以利用PIL读取exif中的orientation信息，然后根据这个信息将图片转正后，再进行后续操作，具体如下。
'''
try:
orientation= None
for i in ExifTags.TAGS.keys() :
if ExifTags.TAGS[i]=='Orientation' : # 肯定会找到orientation，所以不需要对None做处理
orientation= i
break
exif=dict(img._getexif().items())
if exif[orientation] == 3 :
img=img.rotate(180, expand = True)
elif exif[orientation] == 6 :
img=img.rotate(270, expand = True)
elif exif[orientation] == 8 :
img=img.rotate(90, expand = True)
except:
pass
return img
def add_watermark(filename, text):
'为照片文件添加水印，filename是照片文件名，text是水印时间和位置'
# 创建输出文件夹
outdir= 'watermark/'
mymkdir(outdir)
# 创建绘画对象
image= Image.open(filename)
image= orientate(image) # 将图片转正
draw= ImageDraw.Draw(image)
width, height= image.size # 宽度，高度
size= int(0.04*width) # 字体大小(可以调整0.04)
myfont= ImageFont.truetype('/Library/Fonts/Arial Unicode.ttf', size=size) # 80, 4032*3024
#fillcolor= '#000000' # RGB黑色
fillcolor= '#fbfafe'
# 参数一：位置（x轴，y轴）；参数二：填写内容；参数三：字体；参数四：颜色
d_width, d_height=0.5*width, 0.92*height # 字体的相对位置（0.5, 0.92可以根据图片调整）
draw.text((d_width, d_height), text, font=myfont, fill=fillcolor) # (-1200, -320)
new_filename= get_new_filename(filename)
image.save(outdir + new_filename)
def scandir(startdir):
'遍历指定目录，对满足条件的文件进行改名或删除处理'
os.chdir(startdir) # 改变当前工作目录
for obj in os.listdir(os.curdir) :
if os.path.isfile(obj):
if isTargetedFileType(obj): # 对满足过滤条件的文件，加时间和地点水印
photoTime = getPhotoTime(obj) # 获得照片的拍摄时间,当作水印的内容
location= getLocation(obj) # 获得照片的拍摄位置,当作水印的内容
print("%s %s" % (obj, photoTime+' '+location))
add_watermark(obj, location +'\n'+ photoTime) #加时间和地点水印
if __name__ == "__main__":
path = "./fig" # 照片位置
scandir(path)
https://www.racksam.com/2014/05/14/python-script-to-change-pictures-filenames/ ↩︎
http://lbsyun.baidu.com/index.php?title=webapi/guide/webservice-geocoding-abroad ↩︎
https://www.jianshu.com/p/6ad61317d988 ↩︎
https://blog.csdn.net/mizhenpeng/article/details/82794112 ↩︎
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_30561177/article/details/97609897 ↩︎