JUC Concurrent Programming CAS (18)

What is CAS?

 CAS: Compare the value of the current working memory with the value of the main memory, if this value is expected, then perform the operation, if not, keep looping

Disadvantages:

1. Looping will take time

2. Only guarantee the atomicity of one shared variable at a time

3.ABA problem

package com.xizi.cas;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

//CAS CompareAndSet :比较并交换
public class Cas {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AtomicInteger atomicInteger = new AtomicInteger(2020);

        //期望更新
//        public final boolean compareAndSet(int expect,int update)
//        如果我期望的值达到了，那么就更新，否则就不更新
        System.out.println(atomicInteger.compareAndSet(2020, 2021));//true
        System.out.println(atomicInteger.get());//2021
//            atomicInteger.getAndIncrement();
        System.out.println(atomicInteger.compareAndSet(2020, 2021));//false
        System.out.println(atomicInteger.get());//2021 不更新

    }

}

 Unsafe class

 

 

 

 

 

 

 ABA problem

package com.xizi.cas;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

//CAS CompareAndSet :比较并交换
public class Cas {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AtomicInteger atomicInteger = new AtomicInteger(2020);

        //期望更新
//        public final boolean compareAndSet(int expect,int update)
//        如果我期望的值达到了，那么就更新，否则就不更新 CAS是CPU的并发原语
        System.out.println("===========捣乱的线程==========");
        System.out.println(atomicInteger.compareAndSet(2020, 2021));
        System.out.println(atomicInteger.get());
        System.out.println(atomicInteger.compareAndSet(2021, 2020));
        System.out.println(atomicInteger.get());

        System.out.println("========期望的线程============");
        System.out.println(atomicInteger.compareAndSet(2020, 6666));
        System.out.println(atomicInteger.get());

    }

}

Atomic references solve the ABA problem, atomic references with version numbers

 

package com.xizi.cas;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicStampedReference;

public class CASdemo {
//    AtomicStampedReference 如果泛型是包装类，注意对象的引用问题
    //正常业务，这里是一个对象，唯一的
    static AtomicStampedReference<Integer> atomicStampedReference=new AtomicStampedReference<>(1,1);

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new Thread(()->{
            int stamp = atomicStampedReference.getStamp();//获取版本号
            System.out.println("a1=>"+stamp);

            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(atomicStampedReference.compareAndSet(1, 2,
                    atomicStampedReference.getStamp(), atomicStampedReference.getStamp() + 1));
            System.out.println("a2=>"+atomicStampedReference.getStamp());

            System.out.println(atomicStampedReference.compareAndSet(2, 1
                    , atomicStampedReference.getStamp(), atomicStampedReference.getStamp() + 1));

            System.out.println("a3=>"+atomicStampedReference.getStamp());

        },"a").start();

        //乐观锁的原理相同
        new Thread(()->{
            int stamp = atomicStampedReference.getStamp();
            System.out.println("b1=>"+stamp);

            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(atomicStampedReference.compareAndSet(1, 6,
                    stamp, stamp + 1));
            System.out.println("b2=>"+atomicStampedReference.getStamp());

        },"b").start();

    }

}