1 、 NO
New Radio, translated as New Radio, New Radio means 5G wireless network. Generally 移动通信技术主要可以分成无线网和核心网两个部分, 5G wireless network technology has changed a lot. In fact, it is precisely because of the introduction of new wireless network technology that 5G can achieve a high speed far exceeding 4G, so a 5G的无线网被叫做NRbrand new wireless (air interface). As the wireless network in 5G is indeed critical, sometimes 5G is directly called NR, and many articles use NR to refer to 5G.
Note: The 4G wireless network is called E-UTRAN, which is pronounced "EU-Ship (four tones)". This is because the 3G wireless network is called UTRAN. 4G is an upgraded version of 3G, so it is called E-UTRAN, and E is Evolved. meaning.
However, sometimes LTE is also used to refer to the 4G wireless network. At first, 3GPP wanted to evolve a transitional mobile communication technology based on 3G, called LTE (Long Term Evolution). Later, the protocol standards were formulated and found to be very powerful. , So just treat it as a 4G standard. LTE can refer to either 4G network or 4G wireless network, but it cannot refer to 4G core network.
2、5GC
5G Core的意思，就是5G核心网. The biggest difference between the 5G core network and 4G is that a large number of NFV (Network Functions Virtualization) equipment will be used in the core network, that is, general network function virtualization equipment to replace the dedicated communication equipment in the 4G era. The 4G core network is called EPC, which is the abbreviation of Evolved Packet Core.
So 5G完整网络就是NR+5GC, see the picture on the left. The right side of the figure below is the 4G network architecture, which is LTE+EPC, but a more reasonable expression should be E-UTRAN+EPC.
3 、 gNB
The abbreviation of gNodeB, pronounced "g-node-B" (just read the full name directly), it means 5G base station. The 4G base station is called eNodeB (e still means evolved, because 3G base station is called NodeB... It can be seen that 4G is a variety of evolutions on 3G), except for the lowercase letters at the beginning, the rest of the reading is the same.
4、Massive MIMO
It is pronounced "Massive-buying cats (buy and read, cats read softly)", as long as you mention one of the most mentioned technologies of 5G, it can be said that it is 5G提升速率的最关键技术没有之一simply to send multiple streams of data between the mobile phone and the base station at the same time. Sending different content makes the capacity and speed of 5G increase exponentially.
5, SA
StandaloneThe abbreviation for independent networking means that 5G gNB is directly connected to 5G core network 5GC, which is the final network architecture of 5G in the future.
6 、 NSA
Non-StandaloneThe acronym for non-independent networking means that the 5G gNB is connected to the 4G core network EPC, which is the current network architecture before SA deployment. Since 5G core network deployment is not required at this time, NSA network deployment is faster and is a temporary emergency method.
7. Anchor
Although it is not an English abbreviation, it is a very important concept. Under the NSA, the 5G gNB needs to access the 4G core network EPC 必须要借助4G基站的帮助，帮助gNB提供控制信息, because the gNB cannot directly interact with the EPC for control information. 这个帮忙的4G基站就叫做锚点. The anchor point and gNB are not one-to-one correspondence, but many-to-many. There is no anchor point under SA, because gNB can independently access 5GC.
The concepts of SA, NSA, EPC, 5GC, NR, LTE (I still think it is more appropriate to use E-UTRAN here) can be explained clearly in the following picture. Among them, LTE is the anchor point, the solid line refers to business information, and the dotted line refers to control information. Therefore, only LTE and EPC under NSA have a dotted line, which is the connection of control information.
8、TDD
Time Division Duplexing refers to the separation of uplink (transmission from mobile phone to base station) and downlink (transmission from base station to mobile phone) services by staggering in time to avoid interference. China Mobile’s 3G standard TD-SCDMA and 4G standard TD-LTE TD mean TDD, while the three operators of 5G Mobile Unicom Telecom all adopt TDD standard 5G.
9、FDD
Frequency Division Duplexing refers to the separation of uplink and downlink services by staggering the frequency to avoid interference. China Unicom and Telecom's 3G standard WCDMA\CDMA2000 and 4G standard FDD-LTE are all frequency division duplex, but 5G adopts the TDD standard.
10、n78、n79、n41
Sometimes you will see such a code, where n是NR中的nthe code that follows is the code of the frequency band. See below for specific frequency bands. Mobile is divided into n41 (mainly used) and n79 (basically not used), and China Unicom Telecom is divided into n78.