The advantages and disadvantages of jQuery's ajax, axios and fetch
1.jQuery ajax
$.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: url,
data: data,
dataType: dataType,
success: function () {
},
error: function () {
}
});
Advantages and disadvantages:
-
It is programming for MVC, which does not meet the current wave of front-end MVVM
-
Based on the original XHR development, the architecture of XHR itself is not clear, and there is an alternative to fetch
-
The whole project of JQuery is too big, it is very unreasonable to use Ajax to introduce the whole JQuery (it is not possible to enjoy the CDN service with a personalized package)
2.axios
axios({
method: 'post',
url: '/user/12345',
data: {
firstName: 'Fred',
lastName: 'Flintstone'
}
})
.then(function (response) {
console.log(response);
})
.catch(function (error) {
console.log(error);
});
Advantages and disadvantages:
- Create http request from node.js
- Support Promise API
- The client supports CSRF (Cross Site Request Forgery)
- Provides some concurrent request interfaces (important, convenient for many operations)
3.fetch
try {
let response = await fetch(url);
let data = response.json();
console.log(data);
} catch(e) {
console.log("Oops, error", e);
}
Advantages and disadvantages:
- In line with separation of concerns, there is no mixing of input, output, and the state tracked by events in one object
- Better and more convenient writing
- More low-level, rich API (request, response)
- Departed from XHR, it is a new implementation in the ES specification
- 1) fetcht only reports errors for network requests, 400 and 500 are regarded as successful requests and need to be encapsulated for processing
- 2) fetch does not carry cookies by default, and configuration items need to be added
- 3) Fetch does not support abort and timeout control. The timeout control implemented using setTimeout and Promise.reject cannot prevent the request process from continuing to run in the background, resulting in a waste of volume
- 4) fetch has no way to monitor the progress of the request natively, while XHR can
Key axios secondary packaging
import axios from 'axios'
import qs from 'qs'
switch (process.env.NODE_ENV) {
case "production":
axios.defaults.baseURL = "http.....";
case "test":
axios.defaults.baseURL = "http.....";
default:
axios.defaults.baseURL = 'http'
}
axios.defaults.timeout = 10000;
axios.defaults.withCredentials = true;
axios.defaults.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
axios.defaults.transfromRequest = data => qs.stringify(data);
axios.interceptors.request.use(config => {
let token = localStorage.getItem('token');
token && (config.headers.Authorization = token);
return config;
}, error => {
//如果拦截失败返回失败信息
return Promise.reject(error)
})
/*
*响应拦截器
* 服务器返回信息 ->[拦截的统一处理] -> 客户端js获取到信息
*/
// axios.defaults.validateStatus = status => {
// //自定义响应成功的http状态码,默认只有2或者3开头的响应码
// return /^(2|3)\d{2}$/.test(status)
// }
axios.interceptors.response.use(response => {
return response.data; //只返回响应的主体内容
}, error => {
if (error.response) {
//如果服务器有返回信息
switch (error.response.status) {
case 401: //当前请求需要用户验证（一般是未登录）
break;
case 403: //服务器已经理解请求，但是拒绝执行他（一般是TOKEN过期）
localStorage.removeItem('token');
//跳转的登录页面
break;
case 404: //请求失败，请求所希望的到的资源未被在服务器上发现
break;
}
return Promise.reject(error, response)
} else {
// 如果服务器没有返回信息
//断网处理
if (!window.navigator.onLine) {
//网络断开了，可以让其跳转到断网页面
return
}
return Promise.reject(error)
}
})
export default axios
Fetch package
import qs from 'qs'
import {
delete } from 'vue/types/umd';
/*
* 根据环境变量进行接口区分
*/
let baseURL = '';
let baseURLArr = [{
type: 'development',
url: 'http://127.0.0.1:8080'
}, {
type: 'test',
url: 'http://XXXX'
}, {
type: 'production',
url: 'http://XXXX'
}];
baseURLArr.forEach(item => {
if (process.env.NODE_ENV === item.type) {
baseURL = item.url;
}
})
export default function request(url, options = {
}) {
url = baseURL + url;
/*
* GET 系列请求的处理
* 正常请求 request(url,{
* params:{
* method:'get'
* }
* })
*/
!options.method ? options.method = 'GET' : null;
if (options.hasOwnProperty('params')) {
if (/^(GET|DELETE|HEAD|OPTIONS)$/i.test(options.method)) {
const ask = url.includes('?') ? '&' : '?';
url += `${
ask}${
qs.stringify(params)}`;
}
delete options.params; //应为fetch中没有params,所以用完后赢移除
}
/*
* 合并配置项
*/
options = Object.assign({
//允许跨域携带资源凭证 same-origin 同源可以 omit都拒绝
credentials: 'include', //不管同源不同元都可以携带资源凭证
//设置请求头
headers: {
}
}, options);
options.headers.Accept = 'application/json';
/*
*token的校验
*/
const token = localStorage.getItem('token');
token && (options.headers.Authorization = token);
/*
* post 请求的处理
*/
if (/^(POST|PUT)$/i.test(options.method)) {
!options.type ? options.type = 'urlencoded' : null;
if (options.type === 'urlencoded') {
options.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
options.body = qs.stringify(options.body);
}
if (options.type === 'json') {
options.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json';
options.body = JSON.stringify(options.body);
}
}
return fetch(url, options).then(response => {
if (!/^(2|3)\d$/.test(response.status)) {
switch (response.status) {
case 401: //当前请求需要用户验证（一般是未登录）
break;
case 403: //服务器已经理解请求，但是拒绝执行他（一般是TOKEN过期）
localStorage.removeItem('token');
//跳转的登录页面
break;
case 404: //请求失败，请求所希望的到的资源未被在服务器上发现
break;
}
}
return response.json()
}).catch(error => {
if (!window.navigator.onLine) {
//网络断开了，可以让其跳转到断网页面
return;
}
return Promise.reject(error);
})
}
Centralized management of api
Put the module interface in a file for centralized management,
such as user.js
import Axios from "../utile/Axios"
//导入封装好的axios
/*
* 用户页面的所有接口
* 获得用户信息
*/
export const GetUserInfo = () => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
Axios.get('/member/ajax_login.php')
.then(res => resolve(res))
.catch(err => reject(err))
})
}
/*
* 用户退出
*/
export const Exit = () => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
Axios.post("/member/index_login.php", {
dopost: 'exit' })
.then(res => resolve(res))
.catch(err => reject(err))
})
}
/*
* 用户页面头部信息
*/
export const GetUserList = () => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
Axios.get('http://www.xingzhuang.com/user/list')
.then(res => resolve(res))
.catch(err => reject(err))
})
}
/*
* 用户下方产品列表
*/
export const getUserGoodsList = () => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
Axios.post('/html/recommend/getRecommendGoodsList', {
siteId: 3, pageSize: 20, pageNum: 1 }
//pageNum为参数
).then(res => resolve(res))
.catch(err => reject(err))
})
}
Centralized import in the api.js file
/*
* 项目接口的唯一入口
*/
import {
GetUserInfo, Exit, GetUserList, getUserGoodsList } from './user'
import {
Category, GetMan, GetSelectind } from './cat'
export default {
GetUserInfo,
Exit,
GetUserList,
getUserGoodsList,
Category,
GetMan,
GetSelectind
}
Can be imported in main.js
import api from '../src/api/api'
Vue.prototype.$api = api
If you want to use the Exit method at the user module at this time, you only need
this.$api.Exit()
Greatly facilitate the convenience of interface management