Build python3 environment under Linux
What are the ways to install software on Linux?
- The manual installation of the rpm package rejects this method and requires manual resolution of dependencies
- yum automated installation automatically handles dependencies very easy to use
- Source code compilation and installation, more customizable functions, specify the software installation path
- Download the binary source code, this software has been compiled and installed, and the executable file has been upgraded
- Download the compressed package and directly unzip it to use.
编译安装python3步骤
1.安装好编译环境， golang 对代码先编译在运行 ，python是直接运行， c语言也是编译后运行，需要gcc编译器
yum install gcc patch libffi-devel python-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel -y
2.获取python的源代码，下载且安装
opt文件是下载大型文件存放目录，我们应该cd 到opt目录进行python的下载
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python3.6.3/Python3.6.3.tgz
3.下载完源代码包以后，进行解压缩
tar -zxvf Python-3.6.3.tgz
4.解压缩完毕之后，生成了python3.6.3的源代码目录，进入源代码目录准备开始编译
cd Python-3.6.3
5.此时准备编译三部曲，编译的第一部曲：指定python3的安装路径，以及对系统开发环境监测，使用如下命令
#命令解释
#configure是一个脚本文件，用于告诉gcc编译器，python3即将安装到哪里，以及对基础的开发环境检查。检查openssl，检查sqlite 等等
#编译的第一曲，结束后，主要生成makefile 用于编译的。
./configure --prefix=/opt/python363/
#编译的第二区开始进行软件编译
直接输入 make 指令即可
#编译第三曲，编译安装，生成python3的可执行程序，可就是生成 /opt/python363/
make install
#编译的第二曲和第三曲可以简写成 make && make install #代表make成功之后，继续执行make install
6.等待出现如下结果，表示python3编译安装结束了
Successfully installed pip-9.0.1 setuptools-28.8.0
7.此时可以检查python3可执行程序目录。
8.配置PATH环境变量，永久修改PATH,添加Python3的bin目录放入开头位置
vim /etc/profile
写入如下内容
PATH="/opt/python363/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sur/sbin:/usr/bin:"
9.手动读取/etc/profile,加载文件中所有比那辆
source /etc/profile
10.检查python3的目录，以及pip3的绝对路径。
[root@localhost etc]# which pip3
/opt/python363/bin/pip3
[root@localhost etc]# which python3
/opt/python363/bin/python3
[root@localhost etc]#