tuple: tuple
1. std::tuple
https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/tuple
(Since C ++ 11)
Class template std::tuple
is a heterogeneous collection of fixed size value. It is a promotion of std :: pair .
example:
std::tuple<int, int> foo_tuple()
{
return {1, -1}; // N4387 前错误
return std::tuple<int, int>{1, -1}; // 始终有效, tuple可以使用初始化列表进行赋值。
return std::make_tuple(1, -1); // 始终有效
}
example:
#include <tuple>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <stdexcept>
std::tuple<double, char, std::string> get_student(int id)
{
if (id == 0) return std::make_tuple(3.8, 'A', "Lisa Simpson"); //生成一个std::tuple
if (id == 1) return std::make_tuple(2.9, 'C', "Milhouse Van Houten");
if (id == 2) return std::make_tuple(1.7, 'D', "Ralph Wiggum");
throw std::invalid_argument("id");
}
int main()
{
auto student0 = get_student(0);
std::cout << "ID: 0, "
<< "GPA: " << std::get<0>(student0) << ", " //std::get用于取出tuple中的某个值
<< "grade: " << std::get<1>(student0) << ", "
<< "name: " << std::get<2>(student0) << '\n';
double gpa1;
char grade1;
std::string name1;
std::tie(gpa1, grade1, name1) = get_student(1);//std::tie的用法!!std::tie会将变量的引用整合成一个tuple,从而实现批量赋值
std::cout << "ID: 1, "
<< "GPA: " << gpa1 << ", "
<< "grade: " << grade1 << ", "
<< "name: " << name1 << '\n';
// C++17 结构化绑定:
auto [ gpa2, grade2, name2 ] = get_student(2);
std::cout << "ID: 2, "
<< "GPA: " << gpa2 << ", "
<< "grade: " << grade2 << ", "
<< "name: " << name2 << '\n';
}
You can also use std :: ignore to ignore certain return values in certain tuples, as in the example above:
double gpa1;
std::string name1;
std::tie(gpa1, ignore, name1) = get_student(1);
can
2. std::get(std::tuple)
https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/tuple/get
Use get<常量表达式>(tuple_name)
to access or modify (const type reference returned from c ++ 14, can not be modified) elements of tuple (return reference).
Example:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
int main()
{
auto t = std::make_tuple(1, "Foo", 3.14);
// 基于下标的访问
std::cout << "(" << std::get<0>(t) << ", " << std::get<1>(t)
<< ", " << std::get<2>(t) << ")\n";
// 基于类型的访问( C++14 起)
std::cout << "(" << std::get<int>(t) << ", " << std::get<const char*>(t)
<< ", " << std::get<double>(t) << ")\n";
// 注意: std::tie 和结构化绑定亦可用于分解 tuple
}
I can't.