Paramiko module is basically used, remotely connect to the server through ssh, and perform operations

Paramiko module

Remotely connect to the server through ssh and perform the response operation, similar to XShell

ps: Ansible batch management server tool, the bottom layer is the paramiko module

installation

pip3 install paramiko

Basic use

Way to remotely connect to the server

user name and password
Public key private key

Paramiko supports both of the above methods

Excuting an order

Username and password

import paramiko


# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许链接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

# 链接服务器  用户名和密码的方式
ssh.connect(hostname='172.16.219.173',port=22,username='root',password='jason123')

# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ls /')
"""
stdin可以用来输入额外的命令 
stdout,stderr  正确和错误的返回结果
"""
res = stdout.read()
print(res.decode('utf-8'))


# 关闭链接
ssh.close()

Public key private key

"""
首先你得生成你本地的公钥和私钥
以mac为例
1.生成
ssh-keygen -t rsa
2.将公钥拷贝到远程服务器
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 用户名@服务器地址
3.查看私钥
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa
"""
# 公钥和私钥(先讲公钥保存到服务器上)
import paramiko

# 读取本地私钥
private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('a.txt')

# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname='172.16.219.173', port=22, username='root', pkey=private_key)

# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ls /')
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()
print(result.decode('utf-8'))
# 关闭连接
ssh.close()

Upload and download files

# 用户名和密码的方式
import paramiko

# 用户名和密码
transport = paramiko.Transport(('172.16.219.173', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', password='jason123')

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

# 上传文件
sftp.put("a.txt", '/data/b.txt')  # 注意上传文件到远程某个文件下 文件目录必须存在

# 下载文件
# sftp.get('远程服务器文件路径', '本地文件路径')  # 将远程文件下载到本地并重新命令
transport.close()


# 公钥私钥的方式
import paramiko
private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('a.txt')
transport = paramiko.Transport(('172.16.219.173', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key)
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
# sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')

# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
sftp.get('/data/b.txt', 'hahaha.txt')
transport.close()

Thinking: If I restrict the execution of commands and upload and download files, and the number of times is unlimited

We encapsulate the paramiko code ourselves

import paramiko


class SSHProxy(object):
    def __init__(self, hostname, port, username, password):
        self.hostname = hostname
        self.port = port
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        self.transport = None

    def open(self):  # 给对象赋值一个上传下载文件对象连接
        self.transport = paramiko.Transport((self.hostname, self.port))
        self.transport.connect(username=self.username, password=self.password)

    def command(self, cmd):  # 正常执行命令的连接  至此对象内容就既有执行命令的连接又有上传下载链接
        ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
        ssh._transport = self.transport

        stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
        result = stdout.read()
        return result

    def upload(self, local_path, remote_path):
        sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.transport)
        sftp.put(local_path, remote_path)
        sftp.close()

    def close(self):
        self.transport.close()

    # with开始时自动触发
    def __enter__(self):
        # print('hahaha')
        self.open()
        return self

    # with代码块允许结束之后自动触发
    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
        self.close()

Interview questions

"""
题目:请在Context类中添加代码完成该类的实现
class Context:
	pass

with Context() as ctx:
	ctx.do_something()
"""
class Context:
  def __enter__(self,*args,**kwargs):
    return self
  
  def __exit__(self,*args,**kwargs):
    pass
  
  def do_something(self):
    pass
  
with Context() as ctx:
	ctx.do_something()