Work, often to deal with the time and date data, is not difficult, but to avoid duplication create the wheel, especially finishing work commonly used in date processing tools for your choice of reference!
utils_datetime.py
# coding=UTF-8
"""
日期、时间处理工具类
"""
import time
import datetime
import calendar
def generate_timestamp():
"""根据当前时间获取时间戳，返回整数"""
return int(time.time())
def date_2datetime(dt):
"""
date_2datetime(datetime.date(2013,7,13))
>>> datetime.datetime(2013,7,13,0,0)
"""
return datetime.datetime(dt.year, dt.month, dt.day)
def format_datetime(dt):
"""将mongodb保存的时间转格式，去除毫秒精度"""
if not dt:
return None
return datetime.datetime(dt.year, dt.month, dt.day, dt.hour, dt.minute, dt.second)
def datetime_2string(dt=None, fmt='%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M'):
"""将datetime类型转换为字符串"""
if not dt:
dt = datetime.datetime.now()
return datetime.datetime.strftime(dt, fmt)
def string_2datetime(dt_str, fmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'):
"""
将字符串转换为datetime类型
>>> string_2datetime("2011-09-07 12:30:09")
datetime.datetime(2011, 9, 7, 12, 30, 9)
"""
if not dt_str:
return None
return datetime.datetime.strptime(dt_str, fmt)
def string_2datetime2(dt_str, fmt='%Y-%m-%d'):
return string_2datetime(dt_str[:10], fmt)
def string_2date(dt_str):
"""将字符串转换为date类型"""
return datetime.datetime.strptime(dt_str, '%Y-%m-%d').date()
def get_start_datetime(dt=None):
"""根据日期、或时间取得当日00:00:00的时间；参数可以是date或datetime类型"""
start = None
if not dt:
dt = datetime.date.today()
if isinstance(dt, datetime.date):
dt_str = dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") + " 00:00:00"
start = datetime.datetime.strptime(dt_str, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
return start
def get_end_datetime(dt=None):
"""根据日期、或时间取得当日23:59:59的时间；参数可以是date或datetime类型"""
end = None
if not dt:
dt = datetime.date.today()
if isinstance(dt, datetime.date):
dt_str = dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") + " 23:59:59"
end = datetime.datetime.strptime(dt_str, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
return end
def get_start_hour(dt=None):
"""根据日期、或时间取得该小时00:00的时间；参数可以是date或datetime类型"""
start = None
if not dt:
dt = datetime.date.today()
if isinstance(dt, datetime.date):
dt_str = dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H") + ":00:00"
start = datetime.datetime.strptime(dt_str, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
return start
def get_end_hour(dt=None):
"""根据日期、或时间取得该小时59:59的时间；参数可以是date或datetime类型"""
end = None
if not dt:
dt = datetime.date.today()
if isinstance(dt, datetime.date):
dt_str = dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H") + ":59:59"
end = datetime.datetime.strptime(dt_str, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
return end
def get_time_delta(begin_dt, end_dt, time_fmt=None):
"""获取时间差，根据time_fmt返回数据，如果time_fmt=None，则返回days,hours,minutes,seconds"""
days, hours, minutes, seconds, left_seconds = None, None, None, None, 0
if isinstance(begin_dt, datetime.date) and isinstance(end_dt, datetime.date):
days = (end_dt - begin_dt).days
left_seconds = (end_dt - datetime.timedelta(days=days) - begin_dt).seconds
hours = left_seconds / 3600
tmp_seconds = left_seconds - hours * 3600
minutes = tmp_seconds / 60
seconds = tmp_seconds - minutes * 60
if time_fmt == "DAYS":
return days
elif time_fmt == "HOURS":
return days * 24 + hours
elif time_fmt == "MINUTES":
return (days * 24 + hours) * 60 + minutes
elif time_fmt == "SECONDS":
return (days * 24 * 3600) + left_seconds
else:
return days, hours, minutes, seconds
def time_is_someday(dt, days=0):
"""判断datetime或date是否是哪一天，默认是今天"""
if not dt:
return False
someday = datetime.date.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=days)
if isinstance(dt, datetime.datetime):
return dt.date() == someday
elif isinstance(dt, datetime.date):
return dt == someday
return False
def time_is_ndays_interval(dt, ndays):
"""计算datetime或date与今天是否相差n天，ndays为正数表示相差过去n天，为负数表示相差今后n天"""
if not dt:
return False
before_ndays = datetime.date.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=ndays)
if isinstance(dt, datetime.datetime):
return dt.date() <= before_ndays
elif isinstance(dt, datetime.date):
return dt <= before_ndays
return False
def time_is_recent(dt, **kwargs):
"""这个函数其实跟上面的类似，只不过能够支持对hour、second进行判断"""
if dt and isinstance(dt, datetime.datetime) and kwargs and (
not set(kwargs.keys()) - set(['days', 'hours', 'minutes', 'seconds'])):
last_time = datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(**kwargs)
return dt >= last_time
else:
return False
def time_humanize(dt):
"""将时间转换为"n天前"，使其更人性化，增加可读性"""
result = ""
if dt:
time_ = ""
if isinstance(dt, datetime.datetime):
time_ = dt.strftime('%H:%M')
dt = dt.date()
days = (datetime.date.today() - dt).days
if days == 0:
result = "今天 %s" % time_
elif days == 1:
result = "昨天 %s" % time_
elif days == 2:
result = "前天 %s" % time_
elif days > 2:
result = "%s天前" % days
return result
return dt
def days_diff_interval(ed):
"""获取日期与当前日期相差的天数"""
if not ed:
return -1
bd = datetime.date.today()
oneday = datetime.timedelta(days=1)
count = 0
if ed > bd:
while bd != ed:
ed = ed - oneday
count += 1
return count
elif ed == bd:
return 0
else:
while bd != ed:
ed = ed + oneday
count -= 1
return count
def get_1st_of_last_month(date):
"""
获取上个月第一天的日期
:return: 返回日期
"""
if date:
today = date
else:
today = datetime.datetime.today()
year = today.year
month = today.month
if month == 1:
month = 12
year -= 1
else:
month -= 1
res = datetime.datetime(year, month, 1)
return res
def get_1st_of_next_month(date):
"""
获取下个月的1号的日期
:return: 返回日期
"""
if date:
today = date
else:
today = datetime.datetime.today()
year = today.year
month = today.month
if month == 12:
month = 1
year += 1
else:
month += 1
res = datetime.datetime(year, month, 1)
return res
def get_date_list(start_date, end_date, fmt="%Y-%m-%d"):
"""根据给定的初始日期（‘2017-07-09’）来获取每一天日期的列表"""
date_list = []
start_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(start_date, fmt)
end_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(end_date, fmt)
while start_date <= end_date:
date_str = start_date.strftime(fmt)
date_list.append(date_str)
start_date += datetime.timedelta(days=1)
return date_list
def get_1st_of_last_week(index):
"""
index:1 - 7 代表上周星期一到星期日
获取上个月第一天的日期
:return: 返回日期
"""
if not index:
return None
now = datetime.datetime.now()
date = now - datetime.timedelta(days=now.weekday() + (8 - index))
return date
def get_date_of_week(index):
"""
index:1 - 7 代表本周星期一到星期日
:return: 返回日期
"""
if not index:
return None
now = datetime.datetime.now()
date = now - datetime.timedelta(days=now.weekday() - index + 1)
return date
def get_flday_of_month(year=None, month=None):
"""获取某年某月的第一天和最后一天"""
year = int(year) if year else datetime.date.today().year
month = int(month) if month else datetime.date.today().month
# 获取当月第一天的星期和当月的总天数
fd_of_week, month_range = calendar.monthrange(year, month)
# 获取当月的第一天
fd_of_month = datetime.datetime(year=year, month=month, day=1)
ld_of_month = datetime.datetime(year=year, month=month, day=month_range)
return fd_of_month, ld_of_month
def is_valid_datetime(dt_str, fmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'):
"""字符转换成时间，有转换成功标志"""
valid = True
result = None
try:
if not dt_str:
valid = False
else:
result = datetime.datetime.strptime(dt_str, fmt)
except ValueError:
valid = False
return valid, result
def format_datetime_2date(dt):
"""
将mongodb保存的日期时间格式转为日期格式
:param dt: mongodb保存的datetime日期时间格式
:return: 返回转换后的日期格式（datetime.date类型）
"""
if not dt:
return None
return datetime.date(dt.year, dt.month, dt.day)
def calculate_interval_days(begin_date, end_date=datetime.date.today()):
"""
计算给定的两个日期间隔天数,默认计算给定天数到今天的间隔
:param begin_date: 开始时间（datetime.date类型）
:param end_date: 结束时间（datetime.date类型）
:return: 返回间隔天数（int类型）
"""
if begin_date is not None and begin_date <= end_date:
delta = (end_date - begin_date).days
else:
delta = 0
return delta
