About knowledge test summary [A]

1. What is software testing? What is the purpose and principles of software testing is?

Software testing is under specified conditions of operation of the program, to discover errors in the program, and measure software quality and process to evaluate its ability to meet the design requirements.

• The purpose of software testing:
  testing is the execution of the program, with the purpose of error is found in
  a successful test is to find errors so far not found
  a successful test is found so far found no error testing
  to ensure product commitment or completed, he said published function, and users can access the functions are clearly written instructions
  to ensure that products meet the performance and efficiency requirements
• Principles of software testing:
  Programmers should avoid testing their own procedures to prepare the
  organization to write software should not test their software written
  to write tests should not only be based on effective and unexpected input situation, but also should be based on invalid and unexpected input the situation
  should be avoided disposable test cases, unless the software itself is a one-time software
  when testing plan should not be assumed to acquiesce not found error

2, outlining what is static testing, dynamic testing, black box testing, white box testing, α test, β test? What are the key test case design work is good?

• Static tests were not run the program itself for errors or process assessment program code program code that may be present.
• Dynamic test is actually running the program under test, input corresponding test cases, the results of the difference operation to check the expected results, it is determined whether the execution result of the requirements to the accuracy of the testing procedures, the reliability and validity, and analyze the system operation efficiency and robustness properties
• Black box testing is generally used to confirm the correctness and operability of software functions, each function of detecting whether the purpose of the software to be realized, the program being tested as a black box, regardless of their internal structure, the program knowing or when the relationship between the program functions between input and output, by software test specification to determine the correctness of the test results and inferences
• The white-box structure analysis to test the internal logic of the software, the code is based on a test, the tester by reading the program code, or by using a development tool to determine the quality single-step debugging software, typically in the black box testing by the project manager programmers to achieve development
• α test is a test performed in a development environment by a user, the user may be controlled internal test performed under simulated real operating environment, the Alpha test can not be completed by the programmer or tester.
• β test is performed to test a plurality of user software at one or more of the user's actual environment. Developers usually not the test site, Beta testing is not completed by the programmer or tester.

The key test is designed to use less to cover as much as possible with the embodiment to obtain the internal program logic result, with a minimum of problems were found in the most reasonable time.

3, unit testing, integration testing, system testing, the test object, purpose, testing and test methods are based on what is?

• Unit testing is a piece of code developers to write, very clear function is used to detect a very small code under test is correct.
  The test object is a test unit inside the module program error;
  designed to eliminate errors module logic and functionality of the local modules;
  test based on the detailed design of the module;
  test is white box
• Integration testing tests is a logical extension unit, which is the simplest form: two have tested combined into one assembly unit, and the test interface therebetween.
  Test objects: Assembly and calls between modules;
  the purpose is to find software-related design program structure module calls relations, inter-module interfaces question;
  testing based on the outline design
  test method is gray-box testing
• System testing is tested subsystem assembled into a complete system to test. It is whether the inspection systems do provide an effective way to program the system functions specified in the description of
  the test object is the entire system
  aims to test the entire system
  based on testing requirements specifications are
  testing is black box testing methods

4, test case design method you are familiar with what?

White box: logical coverage, covering the circulation path covered
black box testing: boundary value analysis, equivalence partitioning, the error guessing, cause and effect diagram, a state diagram, random testing, test methods outline

5, the software life cycle and its model

Software life cycle, also known as software life cycle, which means that, after the development of software, the whole process until the demise lose value until the formation of the development software concept. The planning stage, requirements analysis, design phase, coding, testing, operation and maintenance.

Several typical cycle model (more than several)
waterfall model
rapid prototyping model
iterative model

6, in accordance with the test objects can be divided into several?

• Performance testing: to test the system performance personality of a variety of normal, peak and abnormal conditions attached to analog through automated testing tools. Load testing, and stress testing capacity belong Performance Test
• Usability testing: ergonomic categories, intuitive and comfort, such as software installation progress bar time
• Safety tests: the need for more expertise, such as Web security test, we need to value TCP / UDP protocol
• Compatibility test: Web and app-side end, for example, to test whether the software and other compatible software
• Interface Test: The most immediate layer of software that interact with the user. For example layout module, position control, beautiful page, text, images and so on.
• Installation and testing: software installation and uninstallation

What is the difference between functional testing and performance testing is?

All features functional testing product concerned, to consider every detail of the function, the function of each problem may exist. Performance test focused on the stability and robustness of the product as a whole under the multi-user concurrency. Do a performance test, the first thing he may be a function points, we must first ensure that his function is no problem, then consider the performance test of the feature points.

7, a software bug record What's in?

• bug number
• bug severity, priority
• Module generated bug
• bug bug generate summary and general content
• bug corresponding version
• Detailed description of the phenomenon bug, including screenshots and videos
• bug occurs when the test environment, and generation conditions corresponding to the steps

8, black box and white box testing What are the advantages and disadvantages?

Black box advantages: relatively simple, without the need to understand and implement the internal program code; between the internal implementation independent natural feathers; from the user's perspective. It is easy to know what features users will use software-based development documentation, software documentation so they can know what function is implemented in the document.
Disadvantages: can not cover all test cases. Probably only 30% of the amount of code; low reuse of automated testing

White-box testing advantages: help software testers to increase code coverage, improve the quality of the code, find the code hidden errors
Cons: running may have a different path, it is impossible to test all of the running path, the test is based on the code, only developers can test the guidance do not know the right design is correct or not, you may miss some of the functional requirements; when large systems, the test cost will be even greater.

9. What is the test case design principles?

Representation: to represent and cover all reasonable and unreasonable, legal and illegal, border and cross-border, as well as input data, operating and environmental setting limits and so on.

Decidability: i.e. the correctness of the results of the test are determined for each test case should have a corresponding desired result.

Reproducibility: the results of the same test performed, the system should be the same.

10, glass test case

Functionality: passing water cup water does not leak; drink water can not be

Security: There are no toxic or bacterial cup

Reliability: the degree of damage to the cup dropping from different heights

Portability: cups can be normal if used in different places, temperature and other environmental

Compatibility: whether to accommodate a cup of juice, white water, alcohol, gasoline, etc.

Ease of use: the cup is hot, if there is anti-slip, easy to drink whether

User documentation: whether to use the manual for a cup of usage, restrictions, conditions of use, which are described in detail

Fatigue test: The filled cup Sheung (case a) the discharge time 24 hours to check for leaks and the case; Sheng gasoline (Case II) 24 hours discharge time to check for leaks and the like where

Stress Test: The needle and the needle continues to increase above the weight, to see how much pressure will penetrate when