How to write the word pen
Author: Amin
Jiangsu People's Publishing House
At the beginning of words
Pen writing, because every day visible need it, and we have a relationship, so many people have little interest in it, it would like to learn well. Especially the young, are willing to spend it doing something. For primary and secondary students, learn pen writing, or teaching a basic requirement. Therefore, the new publication pen copybook often very popular.
Existing pen copybook, mostly to provide a standardized norm beautiful word-based, generally no further word on the pen to do detailed in-depth analysis. Such a copybook beginners in reading of more than temporary, sometimes feel not enough to understand, and sometimes "know the how but not the why" feeling. Solid foundation calligraphy, in our country the masses of the far-reaching impact, it is based on theoretical knowledge is also more popular; but a short history of the pen writing, although a wide range of general application than calligraphy, may be due to simple reason, but Some people do less for it summarizes work in theory. What are the characteristics pen writing, learning how to correctly understand it it, these fundamental problems, but beginners must first define and solve problems.
When I was teaching in a high school, after-school students took part in the discussion on how to write the word pen, each have experience, but also made some notes. Now finishing up, make up such a "how to write the word pen." Called "How to write", in fact, does not cut very short, but the article attempts to pen the word "posture writing, use of contact between truss structure, time line art" is slightly basic issues involved, to talk about the contents of the most basic, experience also very superficial.
For pen writing, I also still exploring, learning, also wrote a lot of words are not standardized. We should seriously have a complete in-depth understanding of the pen writing, also need to work quite a time. This time his own Yikongzhixian say, first, to fight for a chance to hear criticism and teacher, who share their interests; the second is looking forward to be able to initiate, the more comrades to care about, talk pen writing, making it all work, study, lighter fighting, more powerful weapons .
Later attached copy was twelve prose, the author considered a work of amateur science book, readers please correct me. The articles themselves are well-known, timeless resistant to reading. Readers can copying exercises, both learned the geography of the characteristics of the pen, but also to remember the content of the article, that it is "too Maidu beads", do both. It will also be closed most fortunate.
1, word and thought the pen is very good
Many people love to practice pen words. Teen students studious, more interest. Whenever you see a new bookstore pen copybook, always buy it one, carefully read interesting, put it down. Look at the words on the copybook, so magical beautiful, I really psyche envy, hate Xue Daoshou all at once; a shining write their own, they found really is not big easy, sometimes difficult to reach the level of other people. So write, see, in fits and starts, long day, copybook indeed bought a lot, you can own words, why is not it always grow?
Many people make such problems, the reason is different. Either because the method is not good, some are not because the effort, but most of them, but because of the purpose and benefits of calligraphy, but also a lack of adequate understanding of miles.
Train their pen writing itself first of all is the need to work and study, all walks of life, all we need to master the basic skills. At the same time, consciously practice writing, we will also promote healthy development in all aspects.
First, Enhancing word itself reflects the respect for others, responsible for their own. The main character is written for others to read, write rules and tidy, it seems to speak clearly, humility and gas, as is a good habit, but also a civility. We often say "the people", from writing in this regard that can be written in clear and smooth, relaxing smooth air, at a glance, is for others to provide a convenient, saves time, it is one kind is willing for the sake of others specific which performed. If we ever be able to write beautiful, but also gives a noble art to enjoy, have fun, it will be everyone's praise and welcome. At the same time, the words are written correct specification as a man's neatly dressed, rigorous style, as in the little things, reflecting our strict demands on themselves in a stroke, the study make an effort to learn, earnest learning attitude. It is inconceivable that a write frivolous sloppy mistakes people at work can be good, learning would be serious. Ancient saying: "style is the man," this experience or a grain of truth. Of course, the word beautiful to write the rules, really is not easy, is the need to pay a considerable hard work.
其次，练字又能帮助我们培养一丝不苟、持之以恒的良好习惯。要练好字，不是一朝一夕就能奏效的，需要长期的钻研和磨练。刚开始学习的时候，因为起点较低，只要稍稍讲究一点『横平竖直』，字就会显得有点像样了，好像进步很快；但是到了一定程度，眼界搞了，又懂得了一些理论和规律，反而会受到一定得束缚，因为『心有余』而感到『力不足』，又会产生『寸步难行』的感觉。其实，这正是积累达到一定数量，要产生『飞跃』的前兆。但也就在这种时刻，最容易动摇，最容易半途而废。如果不能趁热打铁再接再厉更上一层楼，等到下次再决心重整旗鼓，一切就又要重头来起了。遇到这样的时刻，我们可以把练字看作检验毅力的手段，磨炼意志的途径，下决心坚持下去。对于一个花功夫练字的人来说，字写得好坏，也或多或少地反映了我们是否具有敢于战胜困难、百折不挠、力争上游的精神。
我国明代有个大书画家叫文徵明，他年轻时因为字写的不好。连乡里的会考都没有资格参加，但他并不因此气馁，反而激发了理智练字的决心。他除了坚持正常的学习外，还规定自己每天要写一边《千字文》，这样坚持了几十年，从不间断，终于把字练好了，成为历史上著名的书法家。我们现在还能看到他八十多岁时写的蝇头小楷，那样的严谨整饬、一丝不苟，实在叫人叹服。从这些端正精确的小子，可以想见他一生为人做事严肃认真的态度、精益求精的精神。
再次，练习钢笔字，还有可能逐步引导我们跨进艺术之宫。练练字可以启迪我们对书法艺术的兴趣，从而日益开拓视野，提高艺术修养。研究一个对象，从不懂到懂，从外行到如门，还会使我们具体确切地感觉到认识事物的客观规律，从解剖『学字』这个『麻雀』联及其他，逐步摸索出一套适合自己特点的正确学习方法。
简单易学的钢笔字，会使我们触类旁通，加深对其他艺术形式的理解。象对待每一个要研究的字那样，我们对眼前身边的文学、音乐、美术形象就不会擦肩而过却无动于衷。我们会很自然地去分析比较、感觉体会，观察整体、解剖结构，把握它们的个性、情趣、节奏、韵律…由此及彼，相得益彰。
另外，事实证明，每天练字长年不断，还可以起到增强体质促进健康的作用。据有人分析，练字时必须精力高度集中，绝思宁神，心正气和，象做气功那样专心致志、聚精会神，精神完全进入静的境界，常常对人体大有益处。郭沫若先生的夫人于立群，因为练字经久不断，居然使久病的身体恢复了健康。毛主席还曾为此写信祝贺过她。当代著名书法家沈尹默先生也很提倡练字，他总结说『练字不但对身体有好处，而且可以养成善于观察、考虑、处理事务的明锐和凝静的头脑』。
练练字，有百利而无一害，我们何乐而不为呢？
2、身要坐正，笔要拿稳
谈写字，先要说说『姿势和执笔』。写钢笔字的姿势，不必像毛笔字那样讲究。只要身体坐正，眼睛和书本保持一尺左右的距离，两臂平放，轻松自然，就算达到要求了。但同时，也正因为它简便易行，一些同志对此就不那么注意，特别是有些中、小学生，写字时歪着、趴着，还爱把本子也斜放着。这样不仅影响字的美观和书写速度，而且不符合用眼卫生，时间长了，就要妨碍健康发育。因此，我们既是正规学写钢笔字，最好也能讲究写字的姿势，争取经过一段时间的努力，不但学好了字，而且纠正了弯腰曲背的体态，养成良好的读书写字的习惯。
钢笔的执笔方法和毛笔也不同。用吃饭拿筷子的手形来打个比方：吃饭时两只筷子拿在右手上，中间隔着中指。抽去上面的一只，把另一只竖直捏牢，是毛笔的执法；如果抽去下面的一只，把上面的一只自然斜握住，就是执钢笔的方法了。拿钢笔，要握的灵活松动，拇指、食指和中指从三个侧面管住笔，无名指和小指自然依附在中指下面，笔杆斜靠在虎口上下，拳心虚空，手指和手腕都能随意活动，写字时笔杆的倾斜角度约在50°~60°之间，握笔不紧不松，各方向转动自如，就达到要求了。有人习惯用拇指的关节弯曲处钩住笔，还有的爱把小指伸直了垫在下面。这样在一般情况下还可以，但如果想要把字写的大些，还会影响手的灵活性，最好改正过来。
钢笔和墨水是写字的工具，『工欲善其事，必先利其器』，要想把钢笔字写得整洁清秀，使用和保管好钢笔墨水，也是很重要的一环。
现在用来写字的钢笔主要有两种：
一种是蘸水钢笔。这种笔，结构简单，随蘸随写。它的笔尖弹性较大，可以按照需要写出竖粗横细的笔画来，因此，它比较适合于制图、记账和书写外文。近年来，还有人利用它的粗细变化来模仿毛笔字，写得好也颇具书法意味。用这种钢笔写字，应注意轻按轻收，不要把纸刮毛。写完要把笔尖上的墨水擦干净。
另一种，就是最常见的自来水钢笔。这种笔，方便耐用，书写流利，几乎是人人必备。练习钢笔字，也以这种笔为宜。用这种钢笔，第一要保护好笔尖，书写时不能重按硬刮，写完即随时套好笔帽。第二，要保持笔内清洁，可以常用侒吸清水的办法清晰污垢。用墨水时，不使几种墨水混杂以防沉淀，吸时不要将笔尖直捣瓶底，多揿几下停一会儿使墨水吸足再拿起笔，并随时把笔杆上的墨水擦净，把墨水瓶盖好。
有了正确的姿势、良好的习惯，再配上合用的钢笔和墨水，就为我们学好钢笔字创造了很好的条件。
３、首先要把字写得正确
文字的性质不同，正字法的内容也不同。汉字正字法，要求我们做到纠正错别字，不写繁体字，不写已废除的异体字。这里说的正确的含义还要广一些，主要包括两个意思：
一、当然是指不写错别字这个最基本的要求。例如有人把『锻炼』写成『锻练』，『直』写成『
』，把『初』写成『
』，这都属于错别字，要注意改正。汉字是各种偏旁部首搭配而成的，新学每一个字是，要记牢字形，分析它是由哪些『零件』组成的，搞清楚为什么要这样搭配；对各个『基本零件』，要反复琢磨练习，保证写出来『规格质量』符合要求，这个问题先解决了，到『总装』时就不容易出问题，字就不容易写错。
二、从练字的角度出发，还要斟酌每一个字的字形、笔划、笔顺，他们都有一定的规矩，也不能写错了。这对于能否练好钢笔字也是一个关键，一开始就不能有半点马虎。
比方一个『努』字。从字形上看，这显然是一个由『奴』和『力』合成的竖长字，上下基本各占一半，而『奴』字比『力』字又稍宽一些，从笔划上分，它是由『㇛、㇁、㇐、㇇、㇔、㇆、㇁』组成（注意：这里的『奴』最后一笔是『㇔』而不是『㇃』）。如果对此全不注意，还偏偏都弄反了，把『努』写成了『
』，字形不合理，笔画也全错了。这样的字，虽然别人还认得，但从练字的角度看，就算全错了。
再如一个『七』字。这是个扁字，由斜横和竖弯两种笔划组成。假若写成了『
』，严格来说，也算错了。这样写出来的字难看不说，还容易被别人误读成别的字。我们看别人画人像写生，如果把瘦子画成了胖子，把大衣画成了短衫，大家都会发笑，但事情轮到自己头上，犯了类似的错误还莫名其妙呢。
另外，『努』字中的『女』字旁，笔顺应该是『㇛、㇒、㇐』，有人常写作『㇛、㇇』；『七』字的笔顺也会误写成『㇟、㇐』，一个字的笔顺写得不对，也就不能算写的正确。
这样看来，我们既是学习写字，一开始就应提出高要求，不马虎、不迁就。临写每一个字，都要先从字形、笔划、笔顺三方面作一番推敲，真正弄清楚了，再动笔练习。在临写过程中，反复揣摩修正，力争临得像，写得规范。首先把每一个字写正确了，才算拿到了入门的钥匙，可以进一步研究它的规律了。
4、合理的笔顺使字写得既快又好
笔顺，并没有什么大讲究。顾名思义，就是写字的笔画要有个先后的次序。按合理的顺序写字，可以提高书写水平和书写速度
汉字的书写认读，一般是自上而下或从左到右。所以，每个字的笔画顺序，也很自然是『先上后下、先左后右』。象『十』和『人』这样的字，因为横在左、竖在右，撇在左捺在右，按先左后右的顺序，自然又引出『先横后竖、先撇后捺』的结论。写字，其实就是安放字的笔画，眼看手写，眼管『掌舵』，手管『划船』。右手写字，眼睛就在左上方，眼要看的见字，自然又只能由字的左上方写到右下方
，如果反过来写
，那么字写一半就被手挡住看不见了。这样一说，所谓笔顺口诀，『先上后下、先左后右、先横后竖、先撇后捺』之类，完全不用死记，这实在是太自然、太平常的一种必然趋势。
为了把字的笔画写的搭配匀称，不少字要先把大架子搭好再挂小零件。如『小、木、承』等这些两边基本对称的字，须『先写中柱再挂两边』；而『向、园、周』这类，则要『围定边框再填中间』。于是又可以归纳出『先中间后两边』、『先外后内』、『先进后关』这些口诀。由此我们看到口诀都是为了说明合理的笔顺而总结的，现有笔顺后有口诀。而正确的笔顺，总要符合两条原则：
1、顺手，写的快；
2、合理，排的匀。
只要不违背这两大原则，有的字即使笔画偶有颠倒与口诀不符，也无碍大局，特别是在写行书、草书时，常因笔画连带而改变笔顺。例如『
』能写成『
』，『
』能写作『
』；更草一些，『
』作『
』，『
』作『
』，『
』还能写作『
』呢。当然，这些变通的写法，都是前人摸索创造并为大家所公认了的，实际也是一种约定俗成的『新笔顺』，，一般不能自造。
以上谈这些，主要是想借此说明笔顺问题并不复杂，只要遵守两条原则，自然就是正确合理的笔顺。另外，他也不是一成不变的。
当然，如果写字基础较差，对笔顺完全缺乏正确习惯，那还是应该参照笔顺口诀，对照字帖，一个字一个字地作点努力，找出自己常犯的毛病，养成正确的习惯，并逐步掌握笔顺规律。有些字，单根据口诀还不能断定笔顺，自己写起来又确感别扭，则要请教别人，按传统合理的笔顺写。象常用的『女、收、有、书』等，照口诀写起来反而不顺。
总之，要想把字写得既快又好，就必须掌握正确的笔顺。开始练字，在这方面下一番功夫，也是很必要的。
5、掌握结构是练字的核心
注：最初看到这本书是在知乎上看到一个答主推荐的，在网上找了好久也没找到电子版，后来在孔夫子旧书网上买的旧书，现在将其扫描备份，由于是用最高画质扫描，文件会有点大。