<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>message_wall</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>message_wall Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>1.18.22</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.13.2.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.49</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>message_wall</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

1.3 Gesamtstruktur des Projekts

2. Vereinbarte Front-End- und Back-End-Interaktionsschnittstelle

Das sogenannte „Frontend and Backend Interaction Interface“ ist ein zentrales Bindeglied in der Webentwicklung, nämlich: welche HTTP-Requests die Seite an den Server senden darf und welche HTTP-Responses dafür erwartet werden jede Anfrage.

Holen Sie sich alle Informationen vom Server
Anforderung: GET
Antwort: JSON-Format
Senden Sie Informationen an den Server
Anforderung: JSON-Format
Antwort: JSON-Format

3. Servercode

3.1 Erstellen Sie die Message-Klasse

@Setter
@Getter
public class Message {
    private String from;
    private String to;
    private String message;

    public Message(String from, String to, String message) {
        this.from = from;
        this.to = to;
        this.message = message;
    }
}

Hinweis: @Setter und @Getter generieren automatisch alle Get- und Set-Methoden.

3.2 Werkzeugklasse erstellen

Erstellen Sie die DBUtils -Klasse zum Herstellen einer Verbindung mit der Datenbank.

Die DBUtil -Klasse implementiert hauptsächlich die folgenden Funktionen:

Erstellen Sie eine Instanz von MysqlDataSource und legen Sie Eigenschaften wie URL , Benutzername , Passwort usw. fest.
Stellen Sie die getConnection- Methode bereit, um eine Verbindung mit dem MySQL-Server herzustellen.
Bietet eine enge Methode zum Freigeben erforderlicher Ressourcen.

public class DBUtils {
    private DBUtils() {
    }

    private static volatile MysqlDataSource mysqlDataSource;
    private static volatile Connection connection;

    private static MysqlDataSource getMysqlDataSource() {
        if (mysqlDataSource == null) {
            synchronized (DBUtils.class) {
                if (mysqlDataSource == null) {
                    mysqlDataSource = new MysqlDataSource();
                    mysqlDataSource.setURL("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/messagewall?character=utf8&useSSL=true");
                    mysqlDataSource.setUser("root");
                    mysqlDataSource.setPassword("12345678");
                }
            }
        }
        return mysqlDataSource;
    }

    // 1.get connect
    public static Connection getConnection() {
        if (connection == null) { // 首次访问
            synchronized (DBUtils.class) {
                if (connection == null) {
                    try {
                        MysqlDataSource dataSource = getMysqlDataSource();
                        connection = (Connection) dataSource.getConnection();
                    } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                        throwables.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return connection;
    }

    // 2.提供关闭资源的方法
    public static void close(ResultSet resultSet, PreparedStatement statement) throws SQLException {
        if (resultSet != null) {
            resultSet.close();
        }
        if (statement != null) {
            statement.close();
        }
    }
}

Erstellen Sie die StringUtils -Klasse für die Nullfähigkeit:

public class StringUtils {
    public static boolean hasLength(String str) {
        return !(str == null || str.length() == 0);
    }
}

3.3 Nachrichtenklasse hinzufügen ( AddMessage )

Wird verwendet, um Informationen an den Server zu senden.

@WebServlet("/message/add")
public class AddMessage extends HttpServlet {
    @SneakyThrows
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        int result = -1;
        // 1.得到前端参数并效验
        String from = req.getParameter("from");
        String to = req.getParameter("to");
        String msg = req.getParameter("msg");
        if (StringUtils.hasLength(from) && StringUtils.hasLength(to)
                && StringUtils.hasLength(msg)) {
            // 2.将表白对象加入到集合
            // 2.1 得到 Connection
            Connection connection = DBUtils.getConnection();
            // 2.2 拼接 sql，创建执行器
            String sql = "insert into messages(`from`,`to`,`message`) values(?,?,?)";
            PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            statement.setString(1, from);
            statement.setString(2, to);
            statement.setString(3, msg);
            // 2.3 执行执行器，并返回结果
            result = statement.executeUpdate();
            // 2.4 关闭资源
            DBUtils.close(null, statement);
        }
        resp.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().println(result);
    }
}

3.4 Informationsklasse abfragen ( MessageList )

Wird verwendet, um alle Informationen auf dem Server abzurufen.

@WebServlet("/message/list")
public class MessageList extends HttpServlet {
    @SneakyThrows
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 查询数据库中的表白列表
        List<Message> list = new ArrayList<>();
        // 1.得到 connection
        Connection connection = DBUtils.getConnection();
        // 2.拼接SQL，创建执行器
        String sql = "select * from messages";
        PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        // 3.执行SQL，返回 resultSet 并循环将数据添加到 list 中
        ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery();
        while (resultSet.next()) {
            String from = resultSet.getString("from");
            String to = resultSet.getString("to");
            String message = resultSet.getString("message");
            list.add(new Message(from, to, message));
        }
        // 4.关闭资源
        DBUtils.close(resultSet, statement);
        resp.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        resp.getWriter().println(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(list));
    }
}

4. Front-End-Code

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>表白墙</title>
    <style>
        body {
            background-image: url(image/wall.jpeg);
            background-repeat: no-repeat;
            background-size: cover;
        }

        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }

        .container {
            width: 400px;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }

        h1 {
            text-align: center;
            padding: 20px 0;
            color: rgb(11, 213, 248);
        }

        p {
            color: rgb(226, 87, 129);
            text-align: center;
            font-size: 14px;
            padding: 10px 0;
        }

        .row {
            height: 40px;
            width: 350px;
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
        }

        .row1 {
            height: 40px;
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            padding-left: 20px;
        }

        span {
            width: 70px;
            line-height: 40px;
        }

        .edit {
            color: rgb(41, 227, 134);
            text-align: center;
            width: 261px;
            height: 30px;
            padding-right: 15px;
        }

        .submit {
            width: 280px;
            height: 40px;
            color: white;
            background-color: orange;
            border: none;
        }

        .submit:active {
            background-color: #666;
        }

        .msg {
            width: 100%;
            height: 25px;
            color: rgb(48, 66, 227);
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            text-align: center;
            padding-top: 10px;
        }
    </style>
    <script src="js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="container">
        <h1>表白墙</h1>
        <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;给他/她留下一句话吧！</p>
        <div class="row">
            <span style="color: rgb(236, 10, 244)">谁: </span>
            <input id="from" class="edit" type="text">
        </div>
        <div class="row">
            <span style="color: rgb(236, 10, 244)">对谁: </span>
            <input id="to" class="edit" type="text">
        </div>
        <div class="row">
            <span style="color: rgb(236, 10, 244)">说: </span>
            <input id="message" class="edit" type="text">
        </div>
        <div class="row1">
            <input type="button" value="表白" class="submit" onclick="mySubmit()">
        </div>
    </div>
    <div id="allMsg"></div>

    <script>
        // 添加表白信息
        function mySubmit() {
            var from = jQuery("#from");
            var to = jQuery("#to");
            var msg = jQuery("#message");
            // 1.非空效验
            if (from.val() == "" || to.val() == "" || msg.val() == "") {
                alert("请输入表白信息！")
                if (from.val() == "") {
                    from.focus();
                }
                if (to.val() == "") {
                    to.focus();
                }
                if (msg.val() == "") {
                    msg.focus();
                }
                return;
            }
            // 2.ajax 提交数据给后端
            jQuery.ajax({
                url: "message/add",   // 提交到后端的地址
                type: "POST", // 提交类型
                data: {
                    from: from.val(),
                    to: to.val(),
                    msg: msg.val()
                }, // 参数
                success: function (result) { // 后端返回给前端的数据
                    if (result != null && result > 0) {
                        alert("表白成功！");
                        from.val('');
                        to.val('');
                        msg.val('');
                        // 刷新表白列表
                        getAllMsg();
                    } else {
                        alert("表白失败！");
                    }
                }
            });
        }

        // 查询所有的表白信息
        function getAllMsg() {
            jQuery.ajax({
                url: "message/list",
                type: "GET",
                data: {},
                success: function (result) {
                    if (result != null && result.length > 0) {
                        // 表示有表白数据
                        var msgHtml = "";
                        for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
                            msgHtml += '<div class="msg">' +
                                result[i].from + '对' +
                                result[i].to + '说: ' +
                                result[i].message + '</div>';
                        }
                        jQuery("#allMsg").html(msgHtml);
                    } else if (result != null && result.length == 0) {
                        // 没有表白数据
                        console.log("没有表白信息");
                    } else {
                        alert("访问出错！");
                    }
                }
            });
        }
        getAllMsg(); // 执行方法

    </script>
</body>

</html>

5. Erstellen Sie die Datenbank

Erstellen Sie die Datenbank und fügen Sie die Nachrichtentabelle hinzu.

-- 设置编码格式
set character_set_database=utf8; 
set character_set_server=utf8;

-- 创建数据库
create database if not exists messagewall; 

-- 使用数据库
use messagewall;

-- 创建messages表
drop table if exists messages;
create table messages (`from` varchar(255), `to` varchar(255), `message` 
varchar(2048));