非谓语动词

(1)动词不定式： 由 to + 动词原形构成。 可以做主语，宾语，宾补，定语，表语和状语

主语

1. To get there by bike will take us an hour

宾语

2. The river failed to see the car in time 

宾补

3. We believe him to be guilty

定语

4. The next train to arrive is from seoul

表语和状语

5. My suggestion is to put off the meeting
6. I come here only to say goodbye to you

（2）动词原形 + ing 可作动名词用，具有动词的特征和变化形式，但在句子中的用法及功能类同名词： 在句子中可以作主语，宾语，表语，定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者支配宾语

1. Reading is an art
2. They went on walking and never stopped talking
3. Your task is quickly cleaning the windows
4. This is a reading room

（3）假主语 / 真主语

to 不定式或动名词可以在主语的位置上， 但一般用 it 代替它作形式主语，这种情况 it 叫形式主语

1. It's a great honor to be invited
2. It is no use crying over spilt milk

在宾语的位置上，用 it 代替它作形式宾语，这种情况 it 叫形式宾语

1. We think it important to learn English
2. I found it pleasant walking in the park 

（4）对动名词或不定式进行否定时，在不定式或动名词前加 not 否定就可以了

1. He pretended not ro see her
2. He regrets not joining them