SpringMVC+Hibernate+Spring整合实例（一）

SpringMVC又一个漂亮的web框架，他与Struts2并驾齐驱，Struts出世早而占据了一定优势，我在博客《Struts1+Hibernate+Spring整合实例》中做了一个简单的实例，介绍了SSH1的基本搭建方式，Struts2是根据Struts1发展而来，博客中就没有贴SSH2的例子，只对比了下Struts1和Struts2异同，通过对比，SSH2的搭建基本不在话下了。下面同样做一个简单的应用实例，介绍SpringMVC的基本用法，接下来的博客也将梳理一下Struts2和SpringMVC的一些异同，通过梳理和旧知识的联系，让学习的成本变低，花很短的时间就可以了解一门貌似新的技术，其实本质没变。

下面开始实例，这个实例的需求是对用户信息进行增删改查。首先创建一个web项目test_ssh，目录结构及需要的Jar包如下图：




创建一个User实体类，放在Entity包下，采用注解的方式：

[java] view plaincopy
package com.tgb.entity; 
 
import javax.persistence.Column; 
import javax.persistence.Entity; 
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; 
import javax.persistence.Id; 
import javax.persistence.Table; 
 
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator; 
 
@Entity 
@Table(name="T_USER") 
public class User { 
 
    @Id 
    @GeneratedValue(generator="system-uuid") 
    @GenericGenerator(name = "system-uuid",strategy="uuid") 
    @Column(length=32) 
    private String id; 
     
    @Column(length=32) 
    private String userName; 
     
    @Column(length=32) 
    private String age; 
 
    public String getId() { 
        return id; 
    } 
 
    public void setId(String id) { 
        this.id = id; 
    } 
 
    public String getUserName() { 
        return userName; 
    } 
 
    public void setUserName(String userName) { 
        this.userName = userName; 
    } 
 
    public String getAge() { 
        return age; 
    } 
 
    public void setAge(String age) { 
        this.age = age; 
    } 
     
} 
本篇关于SpringMVC基本都会采用注解的方式，首先配置好数据源以及事务spring-common.xml，放在config.spring包下：

[html] view plaincopy
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
     
    <!-- 配置数据源 --> 
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" > 
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> 
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test_ssh"></property> 
        <property name="username" value="root"></property> 
        <property name="password" value="1"></property> 
    </bean> 
     
    <!-- 配置SessionFactory --> 
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> 
        <property name="hibernateProperties"> 
            <props> 
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> 
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> 
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> 
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> 
            </props> 
        </property> 
        <property name="annotatedClasses"> 
            <list> 
                <value>com.tgb.entity.User</value> 
            </list> 
        </property> 
    </bean> 
     
    <!-- 配置一个事务管理器 --> 
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/> 
    </bean> 
     
    <!-- 配置事务，使用代理的方式 --> 
    <bean id="transactionProxy" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" abstract="true">   
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>   
        <property name="transactionAttributes">   
            <props>   
                <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>   
                <prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-myException</prop>   
                <prop key="del*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
            </props>   
        </property>   
    </bean>  
</beans> 
然后配置关于SpringMVC的内容，下面配置中都有注释说明，就不再赘述，spring-mvc.xml放在config.spring包下：

[html] view plaincopy
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"> 
     
    <!-- 注解扫描包 --> 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.tgb" /> 
 
    <!-- 开启注解 --> 
    <mvc:annotation-driven /> 
     
    <!-- 静态资源(js/image)的访问 --> 
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/> 
 
    <!-- 定义视图解析器 -->   
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> 
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property> 
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> 
    </bean> 
</beans> 
完成这些共用的配置之后，来配置web项目起点web.xml：

[html] view plaincopy
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> 
  <display-name>json_test</display-name> 
  <welcome-file-list> 
    <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file> 
  </welcome-file-list> 
   
  <!-- 加载所有的配置文件 --> 
  <context-param> 
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
    <param-value>classpath*:config/spring/spring-*.xml</param-value> 
  </context-param> 
   
  <!-- 配置Spring监听 --> 
  <listener> 
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> 
  </listener> 
   
  <!-- 配置SpringMVC --> 
  <servlet> 
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> 
    <init-param> 
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
        <param-value>classpath*:config/spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value> 
    </init-param> 
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
  </servlet> 
  <servlet-mapping> 
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 
  </servlet-mapping> 
   
  <!-- 配置字符集 --> 
  <filter> 
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> 
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> 
    <init-param> 
        <param-name>encoding</param-name> 
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> 
    </init-param> 
    <init-param> 
        <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> 
        <param-value>true</param-value> 
    </init-param> 
  </filter> 
  <filter-mapping> 
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> 
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
  </filter-mapping> 
   
  <!-- 配置Session --> 
  <filter> 
    <filter-name>openSession</filter-name> 
    <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> 
  </filter> 
  <filter-mapping> 
    <filter-name>openSession</filter-name> 
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
  </filter-mapping> 
</web-app> 
读者需自行下载jquery包，放到webContent文件夹下的js包下。然后创建几个测试页面，分别如下：

Login.jsp，项目的入口界面。

[html] view plaincopy
<h5><a href="/test_ssh/user/getAllUser">进入用户管理页</a></h5> 
Index.jsp，用户管理的主界面

[html] view plaincopy
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
<html> 
<head> 
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.7.1.js"></script> 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 
<title>Insert title here</title> 
<script type="text/javascript"> 
    function del(id){ 
        $.get("/test_ssh/user/delUser?id=" + id,function(data){ 
            if("success" == data.result){ 
                alert("删除成功"); 
                window.location.reload(); 
            }else{ 
                alert("删除失败"); 
            } 
        }); 
    } 
</script> 
</head> 
<body> 
    <h6><a href="/test_ssh/user/toAddUser">添加用户</a></h6> 
    <table border="1"> 
        <tbody> 
            <tr> 
                <th>姓名</th> 
                <th>年龄</th> 
                <th>操作</th> 
            </tr> 
            <c:if test="${!empty userList }"> 
                <c:forEach items="${userList }" var="user"> 
                    <tr> 
                        <td>${user.userName }</td> 
                        <td>${user.age }</td> 
                        <td> 
                            <a href="/test_ssh/user/getUser?id=${user.id }">编辑</a> 
                            <a href="javascript:del('${user.id }')">删除</a> 
                        </td> 
                    </tr>              
                </c:forEach> 
            </c:if> 
        </tbody> 
    </table> 
</body> 
</html> 
addUser.jsp，添加用户界面

[html] view plaincopy
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
<html> 
<head> 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 
<title>Insert title here</title> 
<script type="text/javascript"> 
    function addUser(){ 
        var form = document.forms[0]; 
        form.action = "/test_ssh/user/addUser"; 
        form.method="post"; 
        form.submit(); 
    } 
</script> 
</head> 
<body> 
    <h1>添加用户</h1> 
    <form action="" name="userForm"> 
        姓名：<input type="text" name="userName"> 
        年龄：<input type="text" name="age"> 
        <input type="button" value="添加" onclick="addUser()"> 
    </form> 
</body> 
</html> 
editUser.jsp，修改用户信息界面。

[html] view plaincopy
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>   
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
<html> 
<head> 
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.7.1.js"></script> 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 
<title>Insert title here</title> 
</head> 
<body> 
    <h1>编辑用户</h1> 
    <form action="/test_ssh/user/updateUser" name="userForm" method="post"> 
        <input type="hidden" name="id" value="${user.id }"> 
        姓名：<input type="text" name="userName" value="${user.userName }"> 
        年龄：<input type="text" name="age" value="${user.age }"> 
        <input type="submit" value="编辑" > 
    </form> 
</body> 
</html>