1、反射
以下均是对对象的操作,而不是对类
1 class Foo(object): 2 3 def __init__(self): 4 self.name = 'wupeiqi' 5 6 def func(self): 7 return 'func' 8 9 obj = Foo() 10 11 # #### 检查是否含有成员 #### 12 hasattr(obj, 'name') 13 hasattr(obj, 'func') 14 15 # #### 获取类内与名称一样的成员地址 #### 16 getattr(obj, 'name') 17 getattr(obj, 'func') 18 19 # #### 设置成员 ####把类外的方法(函数)放到类内 20 setattr(obj, 'age', 18) 21 setattr(obj, 'show', lambda num: num + 1) 22 23 # #### 删除成员 #### 24 delattr(obj, 'name') 25 delattr(obj, 'func') 26 27 反射代码示例
1 def bulk(self): 2 print("%s is yelling...." %self.name) 3 4 class Dog(object): 5 def __init__(self,name): 6 self.name = name 7 8 def eat(self,food): 9 print("%s is eating..."%self.name,food) 10 11 12 d = Dog("NiuHanYang") 13 choice = input(">>:").strip() 14 15 if hasattr(d,choice): 16 getattr(d,choice)#d.choice 17 else: 18 setattr(d,choice,bulk) #d.talk = bulk#在对象中添加了choice输入内容的方法(函数) 19 func = getattr(d, choice) 20 func(d)
2、异常处理
1 #执行内容1,当1出错是,执行内容2 2 try: 3 执行内容1 4 except () as e:#把异常的内容存到e里 5 执行内容2
例子:
1 name=[1,2,3] 2 3 try: 4 name[3] 5 except IndexError as e: 6 print("错误原因是",e)
多异常处理
1 try: 2 name[3] 3 except IndexError as e: 4 print("错误原因是",e) 5 except KeyError as e: 6 print("错误原因是", e) 7 #或者 8 try: 9 name[3] 10 except (KeyError,IndexError) as e: 11 print("错误原因是",e) 12 # 或者 13 try: 14 name[3] 15 except Exception as e:#抓住所有错误 16 print("出错了", e)
自定义异常:
1 class WupeiqiException(Exception): 2 3 def __init__(self, msg): 4 self.message = msg 5 6 try: 7 raise WupeiqiException('我的异常')#主动触发异常 8 except WupeiqiException as e: 9 print e
http://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/5017742.html