【MySQL】之复合查询

物联网 2023-07-25 17:20:38 阅读次数: 0

【MySQL】之复合查询

基本查询

  1. 查询工资高于500或岗位为MANAGER的雇员，同时还要满足他们的姓名首字母为大写的J
  2. 按照部门号升序而雇员的工资降序排序
  3. 使用年薪进行降序排序
  4. 显示工资最高的员工的名字和工作岗位
  5. 显示工资高于平均工资的员工信息
  6. 显示每个部门的平均工资和最高工资
  7. 显示平均工资低于2000的部门号和它的平均工资
  8. 显示每种岗位的雇员总数，平均工资
mysql> select * from emp where (sal>500 or job='MANAGER') and ename like 'J%';
+--------+-------+---------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| empno  | ename | job     | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm | deptno |
+--------+-------+---------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| 007566 | JONES | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-04-02 00:00:00 | 2975.00 | NULL |     20 |
| 007900 | JAMES | CLERK   | 7698 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 |  950.00 | NULL |     30 |
+--------+-------+---------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+

mysql> select * from emp where (sal>500 or job='MANAGER') and substring(ename,1,1)='J';
+--------+-------+---------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| empno  | ename | job     | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm | deptno |
+--------+-------+---------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| 007566 | JONES | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-04-02 00:00:00 | 2975.00 | NULL |     20 |
| 007900 | JAMES | CLERK   | 7698 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 |  950.00 | NULL |     30 |
+--------+-------+---------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
----------------

mysql> select * from emp order by deptno asc,sal desc;
+--------+--------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+---------+--------+
| empno  | ename  | job       | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm    | deptno |
+--------+--------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+---------+--------+
| 007839 | KING   | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 00:00:00 | 5000.00 |    NULL |     10 |
| 007782 | CLARK  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 00:00:00 | 2450.00 |    NULL |     10 |
| 007934 | MILLER | CLERK     | 7782 | 1982-01-23 00:00:00 | 1300.00 |    NULL |     10 |
| 007788 | SCOTT  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-04-19 00:00:00 | 3000.00 |    NULL |     20 |
| 007902 | FORD   | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 | 3000.00 |    NULL |     20 |
| 007566 | JONES  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 00:00:00 | 2975.00 |    NULL |     20 |
| 007876 | ADAMS  | CLERK     | 7788 | 1987-05-23 00:00:00 | 1100.00 |    NULL |     20 |
| 007369 | SMITH  | CLERK     | 7902 | 1980-12-17 00:00:00 |  800.00 |    NULL |     20 |
| 007698 | BLAKE  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 00:00:00 | 2850.00 |    NULL |     30 |
| 007499 | ALLEN  | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-20 00:00:00 | 1600.00 |  300.00 |     30 |
| 007844 | TURNER | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-08 00:00:00 | 1500.00 |    0.00 |     30 |
| 007521 | WARD   | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-22 00:00:00 | 1250.00 |  500.00 |     30 |
| 007654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-28 00:00:00 | 1250.00 | 1400.00 |     30 |
| 007900 | JAMES  | CLERK     | 7698 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 |  950.00 |    NULL |     30 |
+--------+--------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+---------+--------+


mysql> select ename,sal,comm,sal*12+ifnull(comm,0)年薪 from emp order by 年薪 desc;
+--------+---------+---------+----------+
| ename  | sal     | comm    | 年薪     |
+--------+---------+---------+----------+
| KING   | 5000.00 |    NULL | 60000.00 |
| SCOTT  | 3000.00 |    NULL | 36000.00 |
| FORD   | 3000.00 |    NULL | 36000.00 |
| JONES  | 2975.00 |    NULL | 35700.00 |
| BLAKE  | 2850.00 |    NULL | 34200.00 |
| CLARK  | 2450.00 |    NULL | 29400.00 |
| ALLEN  | 1600.00 |  300.00 | 19500.00 |
| TURNER | 1500.00 |    0.00 | 18000.00 |
| MARTIN | 1250.00 | 1400.00 | 16400.00 |
| MILLER | 1300.00 |    NULL | 15600.00 |
| WARD   | 1250.00 |  500.00 | 15500.00 |
| ADAMS  | 1100.00 |    NULL | 13200.00 |
| JAMES  |  950.00 |    NULL | 11400.00 |
| SMITH  |  800.00 |    NULL |  9600.00 |
+--------+---------+---------+----------+


mysql> select * from emp where sal=(select max(sal) from emp);
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| empno  | ename | job       | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm | deptno |
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| 007839 | KING  | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 00:00:00 | 5000.00 | NULL |     10 |
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+


mysql> select * from emp where sal>(select avg(sal) from emp);
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| empno  | ename | job       | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm | deptno |
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| 007566 | JONES | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 00:00:00 | 2975.00 | NULL |     20 |
| 007698 | BLAKE | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 00:00:00 | 2850.00 | NULL |     30 |
| 007782 | CLARK | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 00:00:00 | 2450.00 | NULL |     10 |
| 007788 | SCOTT | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-04-19 00:00:00 | 3000.00 | NULL |     20 |
| 007839 | KING  | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 00:00:00 | 5000.00 | NULL |     10 |
| 007902 | FORD  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 | 3000.00 | NULL |     20 |
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+


mysql> select deptno,max(sal)最高,format(avg(sal),2) 平均 from emp group by deptno;
+--------+---------+----------+
| deptno | 最高    | 平均     |
+--------+---------+----------+
|     10 | 5000.00 | 2,916.67 |
|     20 | 3000.00 | 2,175.00 |
|     30 | 2850.00 | 1,566.67 |
+--------+---------+----------+


mysql> select deptno,avg(sal) 平均工资 from emp group by deptno having avg(sal)<2000;
+--------+--------------+
| deptno | 平均工资     |
+--------+--------------+
|     30 |  1566.666667 |
+--------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select job,count(*) 人数,format(avg(sal),2) 平均工资 from emp group by job;
+-----------+--------+--------------+
| job       | 人数   | 平均工资     |
+-----------+--------+--------------+
| ANALYST   |      2 | 3,000.00     |
| CLERK     |      4 | 1,037.50     |
| MANAGER   |      3 | 2,758.33     |
| PRESIDENT |      1 | 5,000.00     |
| SALESMAN  |      4 | 1,400.00     |
+-----------+--------+--------------+

多表查询

解决多表查询的本质，就是想办法将多表转化成单表

笛卡尔积

在这里插入图片描述
其实我们只要emp表中的deptno = dept表中的deptno字段的记录

mysql> select * from emp,dept where emp.deptno=dept.deptno;
+--------+--------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+---------+--------+--------+------------+----------+
| empno  | ename  | job       | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm    | deptno | deptno | dname      | loc      |
+--------+--------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+---------+--------+--------+------------+----------+
| 007369 | SMITH  | CLERK     | 7902 | 1980-12-17 00:00:00 |  800.00 |    NULL |     20 |     20 | RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |
| 007499 | ALLEN  | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-20 00:00:00 | 1600.00 |  300.00 |     30 |     30 | SALES      | CHICAGO  |
| 007521 | WARD   | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-22 00:00:00 | 1250.00 |  500.00 |     30 |     30 | SALES      | CHICAGO  |
| 007566 | JONES  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 00:00:00 | 2975.00 |    NULL |     20 |     20 | RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |
| 007654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-28 00:00:00 | 1250.00 | 1400.00 |     30 |     30 | SALES      | CHICAGO  |
| 007698 | BLAKE  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 00:00:00 | 2850.00 |    NULL |     30 |     30 | SALES      | CHICAGO  |
| 007782 | CLARK  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 00:00:00 | 2450.00 |    NULL |     10 |     10 | ACCOUNTING | NEW YORK |
| 007788 | SCOTT  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-04-19 00:00:00 | 3000.00 |    NULL |     20 |     20 | RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |
| 007839 | KING   | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 00:00:00 | 5000.00 |    NULL |     10 |     10 | ACCOUNTING | NEW YORK |
| 007844 | TURNER | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-08 00:00:00 | 1500.00 |    0.00 |     30 |     30 | SALES      | CHICAGO  |
| 007876 | ADAMS  | CLERK     | 7788 | 1987-05-23 00:00:00 | 1100.00 |    NULL |     20 |     20 | RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |
| 007900 | JAMES  | CLERK     | 7698 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 |  950.00 |    NULL |     30 |     30 | SALES      | CHICAGO  |
| 007902 | FORD   | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 | 3000.00 |    NULL |     20 |     20 | RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |
| 007934 | MILLER | CLERK     | 7782 | 1982-01-23 00:00:00 | 1300.00 |    NULL |     10 |     10 | ACCOUNTING | NEW YORK |
+--------+--------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+---------+--------+--------+------------+----------+

显示部门号为10的部门名，员工名和工资

mysql> select dname, ename ,sal from emp,dept where emp.deptno=dept.deptno and emp.deptno=10;
+------------+--------+---------+
| dname      | ename  | sal     |
+------------+--------+---------+
| ACCOUNTING | CLARK  | 2450.00 |
| ACCOUNTING | KING   | 5000.00 |
| ACCOUNTING | MILLER | 1300.00 |
+------------+--------+---------+

显示各个员工的姓名，工资，及工资级别

mysql> select ename ,sal,grade from emp,salgrade where emp.sal between losal and hisal;
+--------+---------+-------+
| ename  | sal     | grade |
+--------+---------+-------+
| SMITH  |  800.00 |     1 |
| ALLEN  | 1600.00 |     3 |
| WARD   | 1250.00 |     2 |
| JONES  | 2975.00 |     4 |
| MARTIN | 1250.00 |     2 |
| BLAKE  | 2850.00 |     4 |
| CLARK  | 2450.00 |     4 |
| SCOTT  | 3000.00 |     4 |
| KING   | 5000.00 |     5 |
| TURNER | 1500.00 |     3 |
| ADAMS  | 1100.00 |     1 |
| JAMES  |  950.00 |     1 |
| FORD   | 3000.00 |     4 |
| MILLER | 1300.00 |     2 |
+--------+---------+-------+

自连接

上述的笛卡尔积是两个不同的表进行的，自连接是指在同一张表连接查询
显示员工FORD的上级领导的编号和姓名（mgr是员工领导的编号–empno）

第一种：使用子查询

mysql> select empno,ename from emp  where emp.empno=(select mgr from emp where ename='FORD');
+--------+-------+
| empno  | ename |
+--------+-------+
| 007566 | JONES |
+--------+-------+

第二种：使用自关联
使用自连接需要给表起别名

mysql> select e2.ename, e2.empno from emp e1,emp e2 where e1.ename='FORD' and e1.mgr=e2.empno;
+-------+--------+
| ename | empno  |
+-------+--------+
| JONES | 007566 |
+-------+--------+

子查询

单行子查询

返回一行记录的子查询
显示SMITH同一部门的员工

mysql> select * from emp where deptno=(select deptno from emp where ename='FORD');
+--------+-------+---------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| empno  | ename | job     | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm | deptno |
+--------+-------+---------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| 007369 | SMITH | CLERK   | 7902 | 1980-12-17 00:00:00 |  800.00 | NULL |     20 |
| 007566 | JONES | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-04-02 00:00:00 | 2975.00 | NULL |     20 |
| 007788 | SCOTT | ANALYST | 7566 | 1987-04-19 00:00:00 | 3000.00 | NULL |     20 |
| 007876 | ADAMS | CLERK   | 7788 | 1987-05-23 00:00:00 | 1100.00 | NULL |     20 |
| 007902 | FORD  | ANALYST | 7566 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 | 3000.00 | NULL |     20 |
+--------+-------+---------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+

多行子查询

返回多行记录的子查询
in关键字：
查询和10号部门的工作岗位相同的雇员的名字，岗位，工资，部门号，但是不包含10自己的

mysql> select ename,job,sal,deptno from emp where job in(select distinct job from emp where deptno=10) and deptno != 10;
+-------+---------+---------+--------+
| ename | job     | sal     | deptno |
+-------+---------+---------+--------+
| JONES | MANAGER | 2975.00 |     20 |
| BLAKE | MANAGER | 2850.00 |     30 |
| SMITH | CLERK   |  800.00 |     20 |
| ADAMS | CLERK   | 1100.00 |     20 |
| JAMES | CLERK   |  950.00 |     30 |
+-------+---------+---------+--------+

查询和10号部门的工作岗位相同的雇员的名字，岗位，工资，部门名字，但是不包含10自己的
首先将上述的查询结构当做一张临时表，再和dept表做笛卡尔积

mysql> select ename,job,sal,dname from(select ename,job,sal,deptno from emp where job in(select distinct job from emp where deptno=10) and deptno != 10) as tmp ,dept where dept.deptno=tmp.deptno;
+-------+---------+---------+----------+
| ename | job     | sal     | dname    |
+-------+---------+---------+----------+
| SMITH | CLERK   |  800.00 | RESEARCH |
| JONES | MANAGER | 2975.00 | RESEARCH |
| ADAMS | CLERK   | 1100.00 | RESEARCH |
| BLAKE | MANAGER | 2850.00 | SALES    |
| JAMES | CLERK   |  950.00 | SALES    |
+-------+---------+---------+----------+

all关键字:
显示工资比部门30的所有员工的工资高的员工的姓名、工资和部门号

mysql> select *  from emp where sal>(select max(sal) from emp where deptno=30 );
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| empno  | ename | job       | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm | deptno |
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| 007566 | JONES | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 00:00:00 | 2975.00 | NULL |     20 |
| 007788 | SCOTT | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-04-19 00:00:00 | 3000.00 | NULL |     20 |
| 007839 | KING  | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 00:00:00 | 5000.00 | NULL |     10 |
| 007902 | FORD  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 | 3000.00 | NULL |     20 |
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select *  from emp where sal > all(select distinct sal from emp where deptno=30);
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| empno  | ename | job       | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm | deptno |
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| 007566 | JONES | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 00:00:00 | 2975.00 | NULL |     20 |
| 007788 | SCOTT | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-04-19 00:00:00 | 3000.00 | NULL |     20 |
| 007839 | KING  | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 00:00:00 | 5000.00 | NULL |     10 |
| 007902 | FORD  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 | 3000.00 | NULL |     20 |
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+

any关键字:
显示工资比部门30的任意员工的工资高的员工的姓名、工资和部门号（包含自己部门的员工）

mysql> select ename,sal,deptno  from emp where sal > any(select  sal from emp where deptno=30);
+--------+---------+--------+
| ename  | sal     | deptno |
+--------+---------+--------+
| ALLEN  | 1600.00 |     30 |
| WARD   | 1250.00 |     30 |
| JONES  | 2975.00 |     20 |
| MARTIN | 1250.00 |     30 |
| BLAKE  | 2850.00 |     30 |
| CLARK  | 2450.00 |     10 |
| SCOTT  | 3000.00 |     20 |
| KING   | 5000.00 |     10 |
| TURNER | 1500.00 |     30 |
| ADAMS  | 1100.00 |     20 |
| FORD   | 3000.00 |     20 |
| MILLER | 1300.00 |     10 |
+--------+---------+--------+

多列子查询

单行子查询是指子查询只返回单列，单行数据；
多行子查询是指返回单列多行数据，都是针对单列而言的;
多列子查询则是指查询返回多个列数据的子查询语句

查询和SMITH的部门和岗位完全相同的所有雇员，不含SMITH本人

mysql> select *  from emp where (deptno,job)=(select deptno,job from emp where ename='SMITH') and ename!='SMITH' ;
+--------+-------+-------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| empno  | ename | job   | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm | deptno |
+--------+-------+-------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| 007876 | ADAMS | CLERK | 7788 | 1987-05-23 00:00:00 | 1100.00 | NULL |     20 |
+--------+-------+-------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+

在from子句中使用子查询

子查询语句出现在from子句中。这里要用到数据查询的技巧，把一个子查询当做一个临时表使用

显示每个高于【自己】部门平均工资的员工的姓名、部门、工资、平均工资
1.首先查出每个部门的平均工资，并将查询结果当做临时表tmp
2.联合查询emp表与tmp表

mysql> select * from emp,(select deptno,avg(sal) myavg from emp group by deptno) tmp where emp.deptno=tmp.deptno and emp.sal>tmp.myavg;
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+--------+--------+--------+-------------+
| empno  | ename | job       | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm   | deptno | deptno | myavg       |
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+--------+--------+--------+-------------+
| 007499 | ALLEN | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-20 00:00:00 | 1600.00 | 300.00 |     30 |     30 | 1566.666667 |
| 007566 | JONES | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 00:00:00 | 2975.00 |   NULL |     20 |     20 | 2175.000000 |
| 007698 | BLAKE | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 00:00:00 | 2850.00 |   NULL |     30 |     30 | 1566.666667 |
| 007788 | SCOTT | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-04-19 00:00:00 | 3000.00 |   NULL |     20 |     20 | 2175.000000 |
| 007839 | KING  | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 00:00:00 | 5000.00 |   NULL |     10 |     10 | 2916.666667 |
| 007902 | FORD  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 | 3000.00 |   NULL |     20 |     20 | 2175.000000 |
+--------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+--------+--------+--------+-------------+

查找每个部门工资最高的人的姓名、工资、部门、最高工资
1.首先查找每个部门的最高工资 t2
2.根据条件查找每个部门工资最高的人

mysql> select deptno,max(sal) mymax from emp group by deptno;
+--------+---------+
| deptno | mymax   |
+--------+---------+
|     10 | 5000.00 |
|     20 | 3000.00 |
|     30 | 2850.00 |
+--------+---------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ename,sal,t1.deptno,mymax from emp t1,
(select deptno,max(sal) mymax from emp group by deptno) t2 
where t1.deptno=t2.deptno and t1.sal=t2.mymax ;
+-------+---------+--------+---------+
| ename | sal     | deptno | mymax   |
+-------+---------+--------+---------+
| BLAKE | 2850.00 |     30 | 2850.00 |
| SCOTT | 3000.00 |     20 | 3000.00 |
| KING  | 5000.00 |     10 | 5000.00 |
| FORD  | 3000.00 |     20 | 3000.00 |
+-------+---------+--------+---------+

显示每个部门的信息（部门名，编号，地址）和人员数量
1.首先找出每个部门的人员数量组成临时表t2
2.将t2作为查询表，组合查询

mysql> select t1.dname,t1.loc,t2.dept_num,t1.deptno from dept t1,
(select deptno, count(*) dept_num frrom emp group by deptno)t2 where t1.deptno=t2.deptno ;
+------------+----------+----------+--------+
| dname      | loc      | dept_num | deptno |
+------------+----------+----------+--------+
| ACCOUNTING | NEW YORK |        3 |     10 |
| RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |        5 |     20 |
| SALES      | CHICAGO  |        6 |     30 |
+------------+----------+----------+--------+

合并查询

在实际应用中，为了合并多个select的执行结果，可以使用集合操作符 union，union all

union：该操作符用于取得两个结果集的并集。当使用该操作符时，会自动去掉结果集中的重复行

将工资大于2500或职位是MANAGER的人找出来

mysql> select * from emp where sal>2500 union select * from emp where job='MANAGER';
+-------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| empno | ename | job       | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm | deptno |
+-------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
|  7566 | JONES | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 00:00:00 | 2975.00 | NULL |     20 |
|  7698 | BLAKE | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 00:00:00 | 2850.00 | NULL |     30 |
|  7788 | SCOTT | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-04-19 00:00:00 | 3000.00 | NULL |     20 |
|  7839 | KING  | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 00:00:00 | 5000.00 | NULL |     10 |
|  7902 | FORD  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 | 3000.00 | NULL |     20 |
|  7782 | CLARK | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 00:00:00 | 2450.00 | NULL |     10 |
+-------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+

union all：该操作符用于取得两个结果集的并集。当使用该操作符时，不会去掉结果集中的重复行。

mysql> select * from emp where sal>2500 
union all  
select * from emp where job='MANAGER';
+-------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
| empno | ename | job       | mgr  | hiredate            | sal     | comm | deptno |
+-------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+
|  7566 | JONES | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 00:00:00 | 2975.00 | NULL |     20 |
|  7698 | BLAKE | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 00:00:00 | 2850.00 | NULL |     30 |
|  7788 | SCOTT | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-04-19 00:00:00 | 3000.00 | NULL |     20 |
|  7839 | KING  | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 00:00:00 | 5000.00 | NULL |     10 |
|  7902 | FORD  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 00:00:00 | 3000.00 | NULL |     20 |
|  7566 | JONES | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 00:00:00 | 2975.00 | NULL |     20 |
|  7698 | BLAKE | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 00:00:00 | 2850.00 | NULL |     30 |
|  7782 | CLARK | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 00:00:00 | 2450.00 | NULL |     10 |
+-------+-------+-----------+------+---------------------+---------+------+--------+

小练习

查找所有员工入职时候的薪水情况

select s.emp_no,s.salary 
from salaries s,employees e
where e.emp_no=s.emp_no and e.hire_date=s.from_date
order by e.emp_no desc;

获取所有非manager的员工emp_no

select emp_no from employees 
where emp_no not in(select emp_no from dept_manager);

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