前言
本环境是基于 Centos 7.8 系统构建mongodb-enterprise-4.2.8学习环境
具体构建，请参考 mongodb-enterprise-4.2.8 环境构建
MongoDB，基于文档存储，向集合中存储数据时，没有特定的要求，插入数据形式比较自由，这也是NoSQL不同于关系型数据库的主要地方。下面，我将详细介绍MongoDB数据的增、删、改、查 操作。
一、数据的插入
建立数据库、集合
[root@node01 ~]# mongo
MongoDB shell version v4.2.8
# 创建库
MongoDB Enterprise > use school
switched to db school
# 创建集合
MongoDB Enterprise > db.createCollection('student')
# 查看集合所在库
MongoDB Enterprise > db.getCollection('student')
school.student
student 集合插入数据
# 插入单条数据
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.insert({
id:01,name:'张三',gender:'M'})
# 插入单条数据
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.save({
id:02,name:'张敏',gender:'M',age:33})
# 插入单条数据
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.insertOne({
id:03,name:'张无忌',age:44,gender:'M'})
# 插入多条数据
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.insertMany([
{
id:04,name:'李四',age:18},
{
id:05,name:'王刚',gender:'M',age:60},
{
id:06,name:'赵薇',gender:'F',age:44}
])
# 插入多维数据
db.student.insertMany( [
{
id:07,name:'孙八',sex:'男',age:21,address:{
province:'Hebei',city:'tangshan'}},
{
id:08,name:'侯九',sex:'男',age:20,address:{
province:'Zhejiang',city:'hangzhou'}},
{
id:09,name:'熊十',sex:'女',age:21,address:{
province:'Fujian',city:'xiamen'}}
] )
# 插入数组信息的数据
db.student.insertMany([
{
id:10,name:'吴京',sex:'男',age:43,address:{
province:'beijing',city:'beijing'},hobdy:['mil','Fight','sing']},
{
id:11,name:'杨幂',sex:'女',age:31,address:{
province:'HongKong',city:'HongKong'},hobdy:['dance','shopping','sing']},
{
id:12,name:'黄渤',sex:'男',age:43,address:{
province:'Shandong',city:'qingdao'},hobdy:['dance','game','sing']}
])
查看所有数据
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0d81310063fbb7d16e7b"), "id" : 1, "name" : "张三", "gender" : "M" }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0dc0310063fbb7d16e7c"), "id" : 2, "name" : "张敏", "gender" : "M", "age" : 33 }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0e23310063fbb7d16e7d"), "id" : 3, "name" : "张无忌", "age" : 44, "gender" : "M" }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7e"), "id" : 4, "name" : "李四", "age" : 18 }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7f"), "id" : 5, "name" : "王刚", "gender" : "M", "age" : 60 }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e80"), "id" : 6, "name" : "赵薇", "gender" : "F", "age" : 44 }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e81"), "id" : 7, "name" : "孙八", "sex" : "男", "age" : 21, "address" : {
"province" : "Hebei", "city" : "tangshan" } }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e82"), "id" : 8, "name" : "侯九", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "address" : {
"province" : "Zhejiang", "city" : "hangzhou" } }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e83"), "id" : 9, "name" : "熊十", "sex" : "女", "age" : 21, "address" : {
"province" : "Fujian", "city" : "xiamen" } }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e84"), "id" : 10, "name" : "吴京", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "beijing", "city" : "beijing" }, "hobdy" : [ "mil", "Fight", "sing" ] }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e85"), "id" : 11, "name" : "杨幂", "sex" : "女", "age" : 31, "address" : {
"province" : "HongKong", "city" : "HongKong" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "shopping", "sing" ] }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e86"), "id" : 12, "name" : "黄渤", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "Shandong", "city" : "qingdao" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "game", "sing" ] }
二、数据的查询
基础查询
# 查询所有数据
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find().pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0d81310063fbb7d16e7b"),
"id" : 1,
"name" : "张三",
"gender" : "M"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0dc0310063fbb7d16e7c"),
"id" : 2,
"name" : "张敏",
"gender" : "M",
"age" : 33
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0e23310063fbb7d16e7d"),
"id" : 3,
"name" : "张无忌",
"age" : 44,
"gender" : "M"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7e"),
"id" : 4,
"name" : "李四",
"age" : 18
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7f"),
"id" : 5,
"name" : "王刚",
"gender" : "M",
"age" : 60
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e80"),
"id" : 6,
"name" : "赵薇",
"gender" : "F",
"age" : 44
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e81"),
"id" : 7,
"name" : "孙八",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 21,
"address" : {
"province" : "Hebei",
"city" : "tangshan"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e82"),
"id" : 8,
"name" : "侯九",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 20,
"address" : {
"province" : "Zhejiang",
"city" : "hangzhou"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e83"),
"id" : 9,
"name" : "熊十",
"sex" : "女",
"age" : 21,
"address" : {
"province" : "Fujian",
"city" : "xiamen"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e84"),
"id" : 10,
"name" : "吴京",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 43,
"address" : {
"province" : "beijing",
"city" : "beijing"
},
"hobdy" : [
"mil",
"Fight",
"sing"
]
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e85"),
"id" : 11,
"name" : "杨幂",
"sex" : "女",
"age" : 31,
"address" : {
"province" : "HongKong",
"city" : "HongKong"
},
"hobdy" : [
"dance",
"shopping",
"sing"
]
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e86"),
"id" : 12,
"name" : "黄渤",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 43,
"address" : {
"province" : "Shandong",
"city" : "qingdao"
},
"hobdy" : [
"dance",
"game",
"sing"
]
}
# 单个条件查询
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
id:05}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7f"),
"id" : 5,
"name" : "王刚",
"gender" : "M",
"age" : 60
}
# 按照条件范围查询
-- 年龄等于31岁人的所有信息
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
age:31}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e85"),
"id" : 11,
"name" : "杨幂",
"sex" : "女",
"age" : 31,
"address" : {
"province" : "HongKong",
"city" : "HongKong"
},
"hobdy" : [
"dance",
"shopping",
"sing"
]
}
--年龄大于44岁人的所有信息
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
age:{
$gt:44}}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7f"),
"id" : 5,
"name" : "王刚",
"gender" : "M",
"age" : 60
}
--年龄大于等于44岁人的所有信息
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
age:{
$gte:44}}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0e23310063fbb7d16e7d"),
"id" : 3,
"name" : "张无忌",
"age" : 44,
"gender" : "M"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7f"),
"id" : 5,
"name" : "王刚",
"gender" : "M",
"age" : 60
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e80"),
"id" : 6,
"name" : "赵薇",
"gender" : "F",
"age" : 44
}
-- 年龄小于31岁人的所有信息
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
age:{
$lt:21}}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7e"),
"id" : 4,
"name" : "李四",
"age" : 18
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e82"),
"id" : 8,
"name" : "侯九",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 20,
"address" : {
"province" : "Zhejiang",
"city" : "hangzhou"
}
}
-- 年龄小于等于31岁人的所有信息
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
age:{
$lte:21}}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7e"),
"id" : 4,
"name" : "李四",
"age" : 18
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e81"),
"id" : 7,
"name" : "孙八",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 21,
"address" : {
"province" : "Hebei",
"city" : "tangshan"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e82"),
"id" : 8,
"name" : "侯九",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 20,
"address" : {
"province" : "Zhejiang",
"city" : "hangzhou"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e83"),
"id" : 9,
"name" : "熊十",
"sex" : "女",
"age" : 21,
"address" : {
"province" : "Fujian",
"city" : "xiamen"
}
}
# 查询年龄不等于44岁的人
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
age:{
$ne:44}}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0d81310063fbb7d16e7b"),
"id" : 1,
"name" : "张三",
"gender" : "M"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0dc0310063fbb7d16e7c"),
"id" : 2,
"name" : "张敏",
"gender" : "M",
"age" : 33
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7e"),
"id" : 4,
"name" : "李四",
"age" : 18
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7f"),
"id" : 5,
"name" : "王刚",
"gender" : "M",
"age" : 60
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e81"),
"id" : 7,
"name" : "孙八",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 21,
"address" : {
"province" : "Hebei",
"city" : "tangshan"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e82"),
"id" : 8,
"name" : "侯九",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 20,
"address" : {
"province" : "Zhejiang",
"city" : "hangzhou"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e83"),
"id" : 9,
"name" : "熊十",
"sex" : "女",
"age" : 21,
"address" : {
"province" : "Fujian",
"city" : "xiamen"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e84"),
"id" : 10,
"name" : "吴京",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 43,
"address" : {
"province" : "beijing",
"city" : "beijing"
},
"hobdy" : [
"mil",
"Fight",
"sing"
]
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e85"),
"id" : 11,
"name" : "杨幂",
"sex" : "女",
"age" : 31,
"address" : {
"province" : "HongKong",
"city" : "HongKong"
},
"hobdy" : [
"dance",
"shopping",
"sing"
]
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e86"),
"id" : 12,
"name" : "黄渤",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 43,
"address" : {
"province" : "Shandong",
"city" : "qingdao"
},
"hobdy" : [
"dance",
"game",
"sing"
]
}
# 多条件查询
-- 查询性别男、年龄小于30虽然的所有信息（条件与）
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
sex:'男',age:{
$lt:30}}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e81"),
"id" : 7,
"name" : "孙八",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 21,
"address" : {
"province" : "Hebei",
"city" : "tangshan"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e82"),
"id" : 8,
"name" : "侯九",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 20,
"address" : {
"province" : "Zhejiang",
"city" : "hangzhou"
}
}
-- 查询性别男、年龄大于20小于33虽然的所有信息（条件与）
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
age:{
$gte:20,$lte:33}}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0dc0310063fbb7d16e7c"),
"id" : 2,
"name" : "张敏",
"gender" : "M",
"age" : 33
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e81"),
"id" : 7,
"name" : "孙八",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 21,
"address" : {
"province" : "Hebei",
"city" : "tangshan"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e82"),
"id" : 8,
"name" : "侯九",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 20,
"address" : {
"province" : "Zhejiang",
"city" : "hangzhou"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e83"),
"id" : 9,
"name" : "熊十",
"sex" : "女",
"age" : 21,
"address" : {
"province" : "Fujian",
"city" : "xiamen"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e85"),
"id" : 11,
"name" : "杨幂",
"sex" : "女",
"age" : 31,
"address" : {
"province" : "HongKong",
"city" : "HongKong"
},
"hobdy" : [
"dance",
"shopping",
"sing"
]
}
--- 查询性别女、年龄小于等于21虽然的所有信息（条件或）
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
$or:[{
sex:'女'},{
age:{
$lte:21}}]}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7e"),
"id" : 4,
"name" : "李四",
"age" : 18
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e81"),
"id" : 7,
"name" : "孙八",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 21,
"address" : {
"province" : "Hebei",
"city" : "tangshan"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e82"),
"id" : 8,
"name" : "侯九",
"sex" : "男",
"age" : 20,
"address" : {
"province" : "Zhejiang",
"city" : "hangzhou"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e83"),
"id" : 9,
"name" : "熊十",
"sex" : "女",
"age" : 21,
"address" : {
"province" : "Fujian",
"city" : "xiamen"
}
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e85"),
"id" : 11,
"name" : "杨幂",
"sex" : "女",
"age" : 31,
"address" : {
"province" : "HongKong",
"city" : "HongKong"
},
"hobdy" : [
"dance",
"shopping",
"sing"
]
}
# 结合正则查询
--- 查询以姓名张开头的信息
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
name:/^张/}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0d81310063fbb7d16e7b"),
"id" : 1,
"name" : "张三",
"gender" : "M"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0dc0310063fbb7d16e7c"),
"id" : 2,
"name" : "张敏",
"gender" : "M",
"age" : 33
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0e23310063fbb7d16e7d"),
"id" : 3,
"name" : "张无忌",
"age" : 44,
"gender" : "M"
}
--- 查询姓名含有三的信息
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
name:/三/}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0d81310063fbb7d16e7b"),
"id" : 1,
"name" : "张三",
"gender" : "M"
}
#查询指定列的信息
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
name:/^张/},{
name:1,age:1,_id:0}).pretty()
{
"name" : "张三" }
{
"name" : "张敏", "age" : 33 }
{
"name" : "张无忌", "age" : 44 }
# 注意，设置字段要么都是0，要么都是1，不能既有0又有1，_id除外，可以任意设置。
# 查询时，排序
--- 按年龄升序
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
},{
name:1,age:1,_id:0}).sort({
age: 1})
{
"name" : "张三" }
{
"name" : "李四", "age" : 18 }
{
"name" : "侯九", "age" : 20 }
{
"name" : "孙八", "age" : 21 }
{
"name" : "熊十", "age" : 21 }
{
"name" : "杨幂", "age" : 31 }
{
"name" : "张敏", "age" : 33 }
{
"name" : "吴京", "age" : 43 }
{
"name" : "黄渤", "age" : 43 }
{
"name" : "张无忌", "age" : 44 }
{
"name" : "赵薇", "age" : 44 }
{
"name" : "王刚", "age" : 60 }
--- 按年龄降序
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
},{
name:1,age:1,_id:0}).sort({
age: -1})
{
"name" : "王刚", "age" : 60 }
{
"name" : "张无忌", "age" : 44 }
{
"name" : "赵薇", "age" : 44 }
{
"name" : "吴京", "age" : 43 }
{
"name" : "黄渤", "age" : 43 }
{
"name" : "张敏", "age" : 33 }
{
"name" : "杨幂", "age" : 31 }
{
"name" : "孙八", "age" : 21 }
{
"name" : "熊十", "age" : 21 }
{
"name" : "侯九", "age" : 20 }
{
"name" : "李四", "age" : 18 }
{
"name" : "张三" }
# 查询前三条记录
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
},{
age:1,name:1,_id:0}).sort({
age: 1}).limit(3)
{
"name" : "张三" }
{
"name" : "李四", "age" : 18 }
{
"name" : "侯九", "age" : 20 }
# 查询第八条后面的数据
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
},{
age:1,name:1,_id:0}).sort({
age: 1}).skip(8)
{
"name" : "黄渤", "age" : 43 }
{
"name" : "张无忌", "age" : 44 }
{
"name" : "赵薇", "age" : 44 }
{
"name" : "王刚", "age" : 60 }
# 查询5--8条数据
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
},{
age:1,name:1,_id:0}).sort({
age: 1}).skip(4).limit(3)
{
"name" : "熊十", "age" : 21 }
{
"name" : "杨幂", "age" : 31 }
{
"name" : "张敏", "age" : 33 }
# 统计年龄小于25岁的人数
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
age:{
$lt:25}}).count()
4
# 多维字段查询
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
'address.province':'Zhejiang'})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e82"), "id" : 8, "name" : "侯九", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "address" : {
"province" : "Zhejiang", "city" : "hangzhou" } }
# 数组条件查询
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
hobdy:'shopping'})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e85"), "id" : 11, "name" : "杨幂", "sex" : "女", "age" : 31, "address" : {
"province" : "HongKong", "city" : "HongKong" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "shopping", "sing" ] }
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
hobdy:{
$all:['dance','sing']}})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e85"), "id" : 11, "name" : "杨幂", "sex" : "女", "age" : 31, "address" : {
"province" : "HongKong", "city" : "HongKong" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "shopping", "sing" ] }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e86"), "id" : 12, "name" : "黄渤", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "Shandong", "city" : "qingdao" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "game", "sing" ] }
高级查询
# 查询满足任意一个条件的数据（in）
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
hobdy:{
$in:['dance','sing']}})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e84"), "id" : 10, "name" : "吴京", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "beijing", "city" : "beijing" }, "hobdy" : [ "mil", "Fight", "sing" ] }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e85"), "id" : 11, "name" : "杨幂", "sex" : "女", "age" : 31, "address" : {
"province" : "HongKong", "city" : "HongKong" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "shopping", "sing" ] }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e86"), "id" : 12, "name" : "黄渤", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "Shandong", "city" : "qingdao" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "game", "sing" ] }
# 查询hobdy存在的信息
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
hobdy:{
$exists:true}})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e84"), "id" : 10, "name" : "吴京", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "beijing", "city" : "beijing" }, "hobdy" : [ "mil", "Fight", "sing" ] }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e85"), "id" : 11, "name" : "杨幂", "sex" : "女", "age" : 31, "address" : {
"province" : "HongKong", "city" : "HongKong" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "shopping", "sing" ] }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e86"), "id" : 12, "name" : "黄渤", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "Shandong", "city" : "qingdao" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "game", "sing" ] }
# 查询age不存在的信息
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
age:{
$exists:false}})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0d81310063fbb7d16e7b"), "id" : 1, "name" : "张三", "gender" : "M" }
# 年龄除5余3的信息
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
age:{
$mod:[5,3]}})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0dc0310063fbb7d16e7c"), "id" : 2, "name" : "张敏", "gender" : "M", "age" : 33 }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7e"), "id" : 4, "name" : "李四", "age" : 18 }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e84"), "id" : 10, "name" : "吴京", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "beijing", "city" : "beijing" }, "hobdy" : [ "mil", "Fight", "sing" ] }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e86"), "id" : 12, "name" : "黄渤", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "Shandong", "city" : "qingdao" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "game", "sing" ] }
# 查询gender不是M的信息
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
gender:{
$ne:'M'}})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7e"), "id" : 4, "name" : "李四", "age" : 18 }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e80"), "id" : 6, "name" : "赵薇", "gender" : "F", "age" : 44 }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e81"), "id" : 7, "name" : "孙八", "sex" : "男", "age" : 21, "address" : {
"province" : "Hebei", "city" : "tangshan" } }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e82"), "id" : 8, "name" : "侯九", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "address" : {
"province" : "Zhejiang", "city" : "hangzhou" } }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e83"), "id" : 9, "name" : "熊十", "sex" : "女", "age" : 21, "address" : {
"province" : "Fujian", "city" : "xiamen" } }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e84"), "id" : 10, "name" : "吴京", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "beijing", "city" : "beijing" }, "hobdy" : [ "mil", "Fight", "sing" ] }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e85"), "id" : 11, "name" : "杨幂", "sex" : "女", "age" : 31, "address" : {
"province" : "HongKong", "city" : "HongKong" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "shopping", "sing" ] }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e86"), "id" : 12, "name" : "黄渤", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "Shandong", "city" : "qingdao" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "game", "sing" ] }
# 查看hobdy不包含shopping、game的记录
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
hobdy:{
$nin:['shopping','game']}})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0d81310063fbb7d16e7b"), "id" : 1, "name" : "张三", "gender" : "M" }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0dc0310063fbb7d16e7c"), "id" : 2, "name" : "张敏", "gender" : "M", "age" : 33 }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0e23310063fbb7d16e7d"), "id" : 3, "name" : "张无忌", "age" : 44, "gender" : "M" }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7e"), "id" : 4, "name" : "李四", "age" : 18 }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7f"), "id" : 5, "name" : "王刚", "gender" : "M", "age" : 60 }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e80"), "id" : 6, "name" : "赵薇", "gender" : "F", "age" : 44 }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e81"), "id" : 7, "name" : "孙八", "sex" : "男", "age" : 21, "address" : {
"province" : "Hebei", "city" : "tangshan" } }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e82"), "id" : 8, "name" : "侯九", "sex" : "男", "age" : 20, "address" : {
"province" : "Zhejiang", "city" : "hangzhou" } }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a10e9310063fbb7d16e83"), "id" : 9, "name" : "熊十", "sex" : "女", "age" : 21, "address" : {
"province" : "Fujian", "city" : "xiamen" } }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e84"), "id" : 10, "name" : "吴京", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "beijing", "city" : "beijing" }, "hobdy" : [ "mil", "Fight", "sing" ] }
三、数据的更新
# 吴京年龄改成45
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.update({
name:'吴京'},{
$set:{
age:45}})
WriteResult({
"nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
name:'吴京'})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e84"), "id" : 10, "name" : "吴京", "sex" : "男", "age" : 45, "address" : {
"province" : "beijing", "city" : "beijing" }, "hobdy" : [ "mil", "Fight", "sing" ] }
# 满足条件的人年龄加2岁
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
sex:'男',age:{
$gte:30}})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e84"), "id" : 10, "name" : "吴京", "sex" : "男", "age" : 45, "address" : {
"province" : "beijing", "city" : "beijing" }, "hobdy" : [ "mil", "Fight", "sing" ] }
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e86"), "id" : 12, "name" : "黄渤", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "Shandong", "city" : "qingdao" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "game", "sing" ] }
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.update({
sex:'男',age:{
$gte:30}},{
$inc:{
age:2}})
WriteResult({
"nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
name:'吴京'})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e84"), "id" : 10, "name" : "吴京", "sex" : "男", "age" : 47, "address" : {
"province" : "beijing", "city" : "beijing" }, "hobdy" : [ "mil", "Fight", "sing" ] }
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
name:'黄渤'})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e86"), "id" : 12, "name" : "黄渤", "sex" : "男", "age" : 43, "address" : {
"province" : "Shandong", "city" : "qingdao" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "game", "sing" ] }
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.update({
sex:'男',age:{
$gte:30}},{
$inc:{
age:2}},{
multi: true})
WriteResult({
"nMatched" : 2, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 2 })
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
name:'吴京'})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e84"), "id" : 10, "name" : "吴京", "sex" : "男", "age" : 49, "address" : {
"province" : "beijing", "city" : "beijing" }, "hobdy" : [ "mil", "Fight", "sing" ] }
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
name:'黄渤'})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a1352310063fbb7d16e86"), "id" : 12, "name" : "黄渤", "sex" : "男", "age" : 45, "address" : {
"province" : "Shandong", "city" : "qingdao" }, "hobdy" : [ "dance", "game", "sing" ] }
注：
b.表.update({
条件},{
'$set' :{
字段:值,字段:值}})
db.表.update({
条件},{
字段:值,字段:值})
有$set的修改：只修改设置的字段，其他字段不变
没有$set的修改：只修改设置的字段，没有修改的字段就删除了（_id除外)
注意：字段有则修改没有则添加新字段
四、数据的删除
# 删除指定的字段
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.update({
name:'王刚'},{
$unset:{
age:1,gender:1}})
WriteResult({
"nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
name:'王刚'})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602a0fa7310063fbb7d16e7f"), "id" : 5, "name" : "王刚" }
# 删除指定的记录
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.remove({
name:'王刚'})
WriteResult({
"nRemoved" : 1 })
MongoDB Enterprise > db.student.find({
name:'王刚'})
MongoDB Enterprise >