* 《英知汇》包含散碎的、往往也有相当纵深的、学校和培训机构常见教学内容之外的英语知识点荟萃，篇幅一般不长，几分钟内可以阅读完。
* 本系列的文章都以英文为主，因为用英语自身来理解和学习英语是最好的方式，这一系列的文章希望在学习英语知识的同时，帮助大家在英语阅读能力上有所提升，并树立英语思维；
* 推荐的阅读的方法是：先原文，适当看解析阅读，还有疑惑再看双语对照。
* 英语单词的音标使用Dictcom和IPA双音标标注，如果需要了解Dictcom音标，请参看我们的《dictionary.com所用的音标体系》一文。脑海中存在单词的读音，有助于词汇的记忆，因此我们尽量给出单词的音标。
【编者按】今天我们来看看一个针对于某个具体措辞的英语的辨析，一如既往地，大家的重点不要放在辩论议题本身上（但也不是不可以细细思索它），而是要通过仔细地思考和试图理解的过程，充分适应英语的思维方式和如何表达自己的较为抽象的思想。多加练习，英语思维并非不可迫近，更不是空谈奢望。
I was wondering which of these following sentences are correct:
【译】我想知道以下哪句话是正确的：
【单词】wondering 原型：wonder 动词现在进行式或动名词 ['wuhn-der]['wʌndə] v. 惊奇；想知道；怀疑
【单词】following 原型：follow 动词现在进行式或动名词 ['fol-oh]['fɒləʊ] v. 跟随；追赶；紧接着；注意；遵循；沿着；明白
【单词】sentences 原型：sentence 名词复数形式 ['sen-tns]['sentəns] n. 句子
【单词】correct 形容词 [kuh-'rekt][kə'rekt] adj. 正确的；得体的
and if each of them convey different meaning could you please explain the reason?
【译】如果每个词都表达了不同的意思，你能解释一下原因吗？
【单词】convey [kuhn-'vey][kən'veɪ] vt. 表达；传达；运输；转移
【单词】explain [ik-'spleyn][ɪk'spleɪn] v. 说明；解释
1.They used to tell people not to get loan but they were getting it themselves.
【译】1.他们过去常告诉人们不要贷款，但他们自己却在贷款。
【短语】used to ... 过去一向，过去时常，过去曾（而现在不再）做某事; 例句：Young ladies used to have lessons in deportment. 少女们以前要上仪态课的。
【单词】loan 名词 [lohn][ləʊn] n. 贷款；借出 v. 借；供应货款
2.They used to tell people not to get loan but they would get it themselves.
【译】2.他们过去告诉人们不要贷款，但他们自己却愿意贷款。
Both forms are acceptable but they mean slightly different things:
【译】这两种形式都可以接受，但它们的含义略有不同：
【单词】acceptable 形容词 [ak-'sep-tuh-buh l][ək'septəbl] adj. 合意的；受欢迎的；可接受的
【单词】slightly 副词 [slahyt]['slaɪtli] adv. 些微地；稍微
The first one says that 'they' were advising people not to do something which they were actually in the process of doing themselves (in other words they had applied for a loan and it was being considered by the lender when they were speaking).
【译】第一种说法是“他们”建议人们不要做那些他们实际上正在做的事情（换句话说，他们已经申请了一笔贷款，而且在他们说话的时候贷款人正在考虑这个问题，即是否借给他们）。
【单词】advising 原型：advise 动词现在进行式或动名词 [ad-'vahyz][əd'vaɪz] vt. 劝告；通知；忠告；建议 vi. 提建议
【单词】applied 原型：apply 动词过去分词 [uh-'plahy][ə'plaɪ] vt. 应用；涂；使专心从事 vi. 申请；有关联
【单词】lender 名词 [lend]['lendə] n. 出借人；贷方
【单词】speaking 原型：speak 动词现在进行式或动名词 [speek][spiːk] v. 讲；说话；演说；发言
The second one says that they were advising people not to get a loan but would get one themselves if they wanted one.
【译】第二种说法是，他们建议人们不要贷款，但如果他们想要的话，他们会自己去贷款。
It is also possible to say "They used to tell people not to get a loan but they all got one themselves." which would mean that they got the loans themselves either before or shortly after they were telling others not to do so.
【译】也可以说“他们过去告诉人们不要贷款，但他们都自己得到了贷款”，这意味着他们在告诉别人不要贷款之前或之后不久就自己拿到了贷款。
【单词】loans 原型：loan 名词复数形式 [lohn][ləʊn] n. 贷款；借出 v. 借；供应货款
【单词】shortly 副词 ['shawrt-lee]['ʃɔːtli] adv. 立刻；马上
However the grammar of both original sentences is incorrect in two ways:
【译】然而，两个原始句子的语法在两个方面是不正确的：
【单词】grammar 名词 ['gram-er]['ɡræmə] n. 语法；文法
【单词】incorrect 形容词 [in-kuh-'rekt][ˌɪnkə'rekt] adj. 不正确的；错误的
Firstly in English we do not say "get loan" without an article and the usual article is the indefinite one 'a' so the sentences should read "They used to tell people not to get a loan...".
【译】首先，在英语中，我们不说没有冠词的“get loan”，通常冠词是不定冠词“a”，所以句子应该是“They used to tell people not to get a loan...”。
【单词】Firstly 原型：firstly 名词 ['furst-lee]['fɜːstli] adv. 第一；首先
【单词】article 名词 ['ahr-ti-kuh l]['ɑːtɪkl] n. 文章；物品；条款；[语]冠词 vt. 订契约
【单词】usual 形容词 ['yoo-zhoo-uhl, 'yoozh-wuhl]['juːʒuəl] adj. 通常的；惯常的；惯例的
【单词】indefinite 形容词 [in-'def-uh-nit][ɪn'defɪnət] adj. 模糊的；不确定的；无限期的
【专有名词】English ['ing-glish]['ɪŋɡlɪʃ] n. 英语；英国人
Secondly each person who gets a loan gets their own loan, there is not just one loan for everyone.
【译】其次，每个贷款的人都有自己的贷款，并不是总共一笔贷款给所有人。
【单词】Secondly 原型：secondly 副词 ['sek-uh nd-lee]['sekəndli] adv. 第二；其次
This means that the part of the sentences which reads "...would get it themselves." should read "...would get one themselves."
【译】这意味着句子中“...would get it themselves.”的部分应该改为“...would get one themselves.”
【短语】part of ... （某事物的）一部分；例句：He received part of his education in England. 他有一部分教育是在英国接受的。
This is different from someone applying for a benefit from the government or some other agency.
【译】这与向政府或其他机构申请福利不同。
【单词】applying 原型：apply 动词现在进行式或动名词 [uh-'plahy][ə'plaɪ] vt. 应用；涂；使专心从事 vi. 申请；有关联
【单词】agency 名词 ['ey-juhn-see]['eɪdʒənsi] n. 代理；代理处；政府机构
In this case the benefit is usually considered to be the same benefit for everyone, it's just that each person just gets a small part of the money available.
【译】在这种情况下，福利金通常被认为对所有人就是一份，只是每个人只得到其中的一小部分可用的钱。
In that case you can say something like "The government set up a lockdown benefit and we all got it."
【译】在这种情况下，你可以说“The government set up a lockdown benefit and we all got it.”（政府设立了一个锁定福利，我们都得到了。）
【单词】lockdown 名词 ['lok-doun]['lɒkdaʊn] n. 活动(或行动)限制，封锁