The design of the enterprise's front-end and back-end separation software architecture involves many aspects such as the independence of the front-end and the back-end, communication methods, and data flow management. Below I will introduce you to a common front-end and back-end separation software architecture design:
1. Front-end layer:
Framework selection: Choose a front-end framework that suits the project needs, such as React, Vue.js, Angular, etc. These frameworks can help you build modular and maintainable front-end applications.
Component design: Divide the front-end interface into reusable components to improve development efficiency and code quality.
State management: Use state management libraries (such as Redux, Vuex) to manage the state of the application to ensure data sharing and consistency between different components.
Network request: communicate with the backend through HTTP request or WebSocket to obtain data and interact.
Routing management: Use routing libraries (such as React Router, Vue Router) to manage front-end routing and realize jumps and navigation between pages.
2. Backend layer:
Framework selection: Choose a back-end framework that suits the project needs, such as Spring Boot, Django, Node.js, etc. These frameworks can help you quickly build back-end services.
API design: Design a clear RESTful API and define the data exchange format and interface specifications between the front and back ends.
Business logic: Implement core business logic on the backend to ensure data security and consistency.
Database management: Choose an appropriate database system, design the database schema, and be responsible for data storage and management.
way of communication:
3. API communication: The front-end and back-end communicate through the HTTP protocol. The front-end sends a request and the back-end returns data. This enables data exchange via JSON format.
WebSocket: For scenarios that require high real-time performance, WebSocket can be used to establish a persistent connection between the front and back ends to achieve real-time communication.
Deployment and expansion:
4. Containerized deployment: Containerize the front and back ends separately, use container orchestration tools (such as Docker, Kubernetes) to manage and deploy applications, and simplify the deployment process.
Horizontal expansion: According to traffic requirements, back-end services can be expanded horizontally by adding server instances to ensure performance and stability.
Security and Authentication:
5. Identity authentication and authorization: Implement user identity authentication and authorization mechanisms to ensure that only legitimate users can access sensitive data and functions.
Cross-domain issues: The separation of front-end and back-end may involve cross-domain requests and need to deal with cross-domain resource sharing (CORS) issues.
Monitoring and logging:
6. Logging: Record logs at each key step of the front and back ends to track problems and analyze performance bottlenecks.
Performance monitoring: Use performance monitoring tools to monitor the running status of applications and discover and solve problems in a timely manner.
7. Team collaboration:
Code branch management: Use a version control system (such as Git) to reasonably manage the branching and merging of front-end and back-end code to ensure smooth team collaboration.
The above is a general design idea. The actual architecture design will be adjusted based on project needs, team technology stack and resource conditions. During the design process, full consideration must be given to the decoupling and maintainability of each component, as well as the collaboration between the front and back ends.