1. Instalar Mariadb
- Comando de instalación
yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server
- Una vez completada la instalación de MariaDB, primero inicie MariaDB
systemctl start mariadb
- Establecer arranque
systemctl enable mariadb
Configuración simple relacionada con MariaDB
- Este comando ingresa a la interfaz relacionada con la configuración
mysql_secure_installation
- Lo primero es establecer una contraseña, se le pedirá que ingrese la contraseña primero
Ingrese la contraseña actual para root (ingrese para none): <- ingrese directamente para la primera ejecución
- Establecer contraseña
¿Establecer contraseña de root? [S / n] <- establece la contraseña de usuario root, ingresa y presiona Enter o presiona directamente
Nueva contraseña: <- establece la contraseña de usuario root
Vuelve a ingresar la nueva contraseña: <- ingresa la que configuraste nuevamente Contraseña
- Otra configuración
? Eliminar los usuarios anónimos [Y / n ] <- si desea eliminar el usuario anónimo, introduzca
No permitir el acceso del superusuario de forma remota [Y / n ] <-? Ya sea para prohibir el acceso remoto raíz, entrar,
el complemento quitar la base de datos de prueba y el acceso a ella [la Y- /? n] <- si desea eliminar la base de datos de prueba y presionar
Volver a cargar tablas de privilegios ahora? [S / n] <- si desea volver a cargar las tablas de privilegios y presionar Entrar
configuración del juego de caracteres mariadb (énfasis)
Configuración de archivo /etc/my.cnf
- Comando
vi /etc/my.cnf
El archivo completo se proporciona directamente aquí, y puede comparar las diferencias en la pestaña [mysqld]
# Example MariaDB config file for very large systems.
#
# This is for a large system with memory of 1G-2G where the system runs mainly
# MariaDB.
#
# MariaDB programs look for option files in a set of
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# You can copy this option file to one of those
# locations. For information about these locations, do:
# 'my_print_defaults --help' and see what is printed under
# Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
# More information at: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Here follows entries for some specific programs
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 384M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 512
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 32M
lower_case_table_names = 1
sql_mode=
default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table
max_connections = 4096
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8
# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 8
# Point the following paths to a dedicated disk
#tmpdir = /tmp/
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin
# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id = 1
# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
# the syntax is:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
# MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
#
# where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
# <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
# Example:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host = <hostname>
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user = <username>
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password = <password>
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port = <port>
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin
#
# binary logging format - mixed recommended
#binlog_format=mixed
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2000M;ibdata2:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 384M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 100M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
Archivo /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf
Agregar en [cliente]
default-character-set=utf8
Archivo /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
Añadir en [mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
Toda la configuración está completa, reinicie mariadb
systemctl restart mariadb
Si el reinicio no es exitoso, verifique el mensaje de error en el archivo de registro
cd var/log/mariadb
Hay archivos de registro mariadb en este directorio, Tencent Cloud y los nombres de los archivos locales son diferentes, pero todos están en este directorio, ve y compruébalo por ti mismo
Conjunto de caracteres de vista MariaDB
show variables like "%character%"
Los resultados configurados son los siguientes
3. Agregar usuarios y establecer permisos
Crear comando de usuario
mysql>create user username@localhost identified by 'password';
Crear directamente comandos de usuario y autorizar
mysql>grant all on . to username@localhost indentified by 'password';
Conceder acceso a Internet
mysql>grant all privileges on . to username@'%' identified by 'password';
Conceder permisos y puede autorizar
mysql>grant all privileges on . to username@'hostname' identified by 'password' with grant option;
