[View] Google will break the hegemony of quantum Bitcoin do in 2020?

Its main selling point block chain application, given the current state of the computing, under normal circumstances, the encryption is actually distributed ledger "unbreakable." However, its effectiveness depends largely on the "state of the art" hypothesis. If the calculated form of transition occurs, the system based on modern block chain may be susceptible to threats not considered in the design. However, this threat will soon be an emergency happen?

Over the past three decades, physicists tremendous progress in building a practical quantum computer will soon be made to promote this change. Because up to now called "quantum supremacy" milestone in the milestone, a quantum computer performance on specific tasks to be better than traditional computers, and therefore the potential of quantum-based device is able to "kill" at any time block chain issue has become the focus of attention. .

Quantum Computing Starter

Quantum computer is any device quantum mechanics calculated. In order to store and process information, using a conventional computer called a binary bit unit, the binary unit may represent one of two possible states: 0 or 1. Relies on a quantum qubit machine (or qubit), they may be simultaneously 0 and 1. . This phenomenon is called superposition, so that such devices can quickly perform certain tasks based on similar equipment bits than that.

Recognize all the traditional retention, stability and security unparalleled idea of ​​block chain has been widely accepted: it is the foundation of public trust in digital assets, and to promote the large-scale adoption. However, the emergence of quantum computing may jeopardize the integrity of public key cryptography, public key cryptography and is a pillar of security block chain.

Although quantum computers potential scope of application is very broad, but the block chain technology in the field of cryptography and the most relevant one is the ability to run specific algorithms much faster than any existing supercomputer. One assumes that the use case most widely discussed is to run Shor's algorithm known factoring algorithm has the potential to many modern encryption technology obsolete.

In the past 12 months, the subject of quantum computing has been gradually attracted people's attention in the field of encryption. Given the degree of curiosity and raise awareness, worth solving some of the problems related to quantum encryption supreme community, because a lot of error messages circulating online.

Our Bitcoin will be stolen it?

许多人担心Google的54量子位量子处理器Sycamore可能会超越该系统并窃取每个人的比特币。如果不改变当前比特币网络的实施方式，这很可能在五到十年内成为现实。因此，尽管目前无需用户担心，但建议开发人员开始准备工作。

真正令人震惊的是，“量子否认者”驳斥了问题的现实，并坚持认为应该遏制这种担忧。可悲的是，事实恰恰相反。我们必须集中精力解决这个问题，因为复杂的分布式系统（区块链会响起钟声吗？）很难升级到全新的加密货币堆栈。花了十年或两年的时间，如果量子计算发展到预期的程度，生态系统可能会受到极大破坏。

可以肯定的是，事实是当前的加密方案（包括比特币和以太坊使用的方案）已经被证明容易受到量子计算机可执行的签名伪造的攻击。

非对称密码学依赖于密钥对（即私钥和公钥），其中可以从私钥对中计算出公钥，反之则不然。这是由于某些数学问题的不可能，例如将大质数的乘积分解为因数，或计算生成公钥的生成器的被乘数，大多数区块链和密码系统都会使用该公钥。

如果可以用另一种方式进行计算（即从公钥计算私钥），则整个方案将失败。我们所需要的只是这些系统中的更多量子位和稳定性，以使此类攻击变得可执行。

Google会挖走所有剩余的比特币吗？

这是另一个经常被问到的问题，但实际上，量子计算机在对称密码相关计算上的效率远低于非对称密码相关计算。至于数字，在主流计算机上需要2 ^ 128次操作才能找到给定BTC公钥的BTC私钥，而在量子计算机上只需128 ^ 3次操作即可实现相同的功能。

对于散列，差异（尽管仍然很大）要小得多。从本质上讲，我们需要更多地担心量子计算机的人们会花钱/偷钱，而不是为谷歌挖掘剩余的比特币而烦恼。即使是这种情况，成功地开采了2016年的区块之后，它将难度设置为“量子级”，这意味着比特币只能由量子计算机来开采。

Thorny problem here is that the difficulty has reached such a level that the miners need to wait to re-adjust to the time stamp field of a given block, because they have gone through a given block all possible random numbers, but did not find less than the results difficult goals. In view of this, I say this with mining-related theoretical rather than practical. We have already noted that even without mining methods based on quantum computing, it may be time to find the right solution to the limiting factor for the block instead of performance.

Everyone should be concerned about one thing

Whether Bitcoin holders should be worried about 2020 quantum problem? No, but there is a warning: Encryption currency (meaning their developer community), and enterprise should be concerned about this issue.

If you have to create a number of much more powerful than Google Sycamore quantum computer, and we are not allowed to know how to do?

We should seek to upgrade and anti-quantum cryptography stack as soon as the block chain and the implementation of all the other rely on asymmetric encryption system (for example, banking, government, etc.). Quantum first is unavoidable - it's just a situation when idiom.