What are the practical knowledge of psychology life there?

Author: Daming
link: https: //www.zhihu.com/question/63794110/answer/922502808
Source: know almost
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1. depression and anxiety is often a direct result of excessive thinking. Excessive thinking will make you worry about some of the problems might not arise.

Effective solution to this dilemma is to direct action.

2. If a girl like you (not necessarily refer to frolicking in the bedroom), when she was with you, often unconsciously playing with her hair.

And like the people together, we will feel safe and comfortable, will behave more honestly, without consciously show some of their own little habits.

3. Do not put your goals tell others. When you target the unrealized tell others, the brain will produce a false sense that they have to achieve their goals and satisfaction, allowing you to relax efforts more difficult objectives.

4. trying to make everyone happy person most likely to feel lonely.

5. pretend confidence makes you more confident.

This fact implies the application of self psychology. In language, I kept telling myself I can speak loud and clear to the people; in attitude, confident performance of a variety of postures, such as upright, firm handshake, gaze straight ahead. Even imitate confident body language can make you look more confident.

In the Survival Song and Tom Hanks starred in "cat and mouse" in Frank (played by Survival Song) then transferred to a new school, being bullied by classmates because of dress code seriously and jokingly referred to as "substitute teacher." For good and evil, Frank had an idea, pretending that he is a substitute teacher. He walked to the podium calm, hard on the blackboard to write his name. He introduced himself aloud, your voice loud, erect.

Frank had just entered the new school is actually scared of Health, but his positive self-talk, mobilize body language, lied to everyone, even the timid self.

"Catch Me" Knowledge of psychology
 

6. Make a list of your favorite player, and constantly update and improve it, make sure that the playlist to bring you a good mood. Music and human emotions are closely linked.

7. A man in the company of a dog, approached a higher success rate.

8. From a psychological perspective, we tend to ignore those who care about us, and pay more attention to those who ignore us. Based on this, we should put energy and time with those who really care about us.

9. If you have high expectations, you'd better be able to withstand high disappointed.

It was the open class Biola University psychologist named Keith said. Mean, we're disappointed in our relationships often comes from too high or unrealistic expectations on them. When someone does not meet our expectations, disappointment and anger came afterward.

But the outside world is not controllable, controlled only our own. So everyday life, we should strive to achieve self-expectations, rather than expecting others.

Here is a simple example, when you give a person clockwork micro letter, your heart will have a look, he would immediately return to me. But this expectation is unrealistic. Others may be due to various reasons will not respond promptly, or simply do not want or do not reply.

And when you do not expect or lower expectations, you certainly can not be disappointed. You need to do is to do their own thing, to convey the need to say enough.

10. The larger you attractive to others, the easier you make him laugh. When you are hard to please one person, may not be the high point of his laugh or high cold man, he is likely to be not interested in you.

11. One key to success is self-motivation. When such work or study, continue to tell yourself you can do better, this is really useful.

12. When talking with others, use their name or nickname. This will make them like you more.

Cocktail party effect also proved this point. In a noisy environment, the sound, the sound of our brains around will make judgments, selective listening to important voice, ignoring unimportant sound. When someone shout our name, we can always get immediate attention.

In short, the name is very important to people, people like to hear his name.

13. Verify that the need is the main reason many people suffering. For example, most of the failure of the confession.

14. "fake smile" can bring happiness to you.

This is a scientific basis. The study found that when people deliberately smile expression, the corresponding muscle activity will fool the brain's central nervous system, resulting in an enjoyable experience.

This theory of emotion early in Psychology - James - Lange theory are explained. Their views have a rational side, but also because it is too one-sided, and criticized.

15. exercise of their ability to delay gratification. This is the key to long-term success and happiness.

16. Commends rather than criticism is the best way to help others progress. The same for themselves.

斯金纳的操作条件反射理论证实了这一点。正强化(使用正强化物:比如口头赞扬、物质奖励)会塑造或加强个体的良好行为;而惩罚(使用负强化物:比如批评、肢体暴力)虽然可以消除或降低个体的负面行为,但不利于塑造其良好行为。而且,当惩罚长时间不进行时,个体的负面行为会出现较大的反弹。

值得一提的是,负强化和惩罚并不是一回事。负强化是取消负强化物,比如不再批评、不再使用肢体暴力解决问题。而惩罚是施加负强化物,比如批评、使用肢体暴力解决问题。

这是心理学考研的一个重要考点,通常以选择题和简答题的方式呈现。

有意思的是,在《捉鬼敢死队》里,由比尔·莫瑞饰演的Dr. Peter Venkman也犯了这个错误。他误把惩罚视为了负强化。

17.人们身体疲劳时会更诚实。

撒谎是个力气活。高明的谎言不仅需要大脑的快速运转,而且需要肢体语言和面部表情的高度配合。

18.睡眠不足会导致对糖的渴望。如果你想减肥或保持身材,一个高质量的睡眠是必不可少的。

19.当人们谈论他们真正感兴趣的事物时,他们看起来会更具吸引力。

20.运动和宠物陪伴是抑郁症的有效治疗方法。

21.在互联网上花费大量时间的人更容易感到沮丧,孤独和精神不稳定。

22.当我们过于详细地制定B计划的时候,我们的A计划失败的可能性更大。

23.当你周围有树木或植物时,大脑会分泌某些化学物质,这会激发大脑的思维能力。心理治疗就包括在花园中漫步。所以记得在你的房间和办公桌放一盆植物。

24.与人在一起时,将物体握在身体前面表示害羞和抵抗,为使自己与他人隔离开来。

25.保护内部动机,正确使用外部动机。

外部动机(比如物质奖励)虽然可以强化个体的行为,但会削弱个体的内部动机(比如兴趣爱好)。

我们很多人都听过“老人与孩子”的故事:一群孩子总在一个老人家门口玩耍,吵得老人睡不好觉。有一天,老人给他们一人十块钱,让他们再大声些,孩子们很听话,玩得更开心了;第二天,老人给的钱变成了五块,孩子们依然很听话;第三天,老人给的钱变成了一块,孩子们已经有点不满了。

随着老人给的钱越来越多,孩子们的不满情绪越来越大,以至于最后感觉不值得,所以再也不在老人家门口玩耍了。

孩子们一开始是因为兴趣在老人家门口玩耍的,但最后变成了外部动机——物质奖励,内部动机便得以削弱,而当外部动机消失后,孩子们便没有了继续在老人家门口玩耍的理由。

当然,外部动机如果使用得当,也会发挥巨大的激励作用。比如学习上的及时反馈:当你的成绩达到预先指定的目标后,老师当众表扬,父母带你大吃一顿,这些外部动机对你的日后学习便有巨大的推动作用。

而在日常生活中,我们要注意内部动机的激发与维持。主要的内部动机有兴趣爱好。

兴趣爱好和快乐与成就感紧密相连。当我们做某事时感到快乐,我们会更喜欢做这件事。而当我们获得一定的成就感后,我们会更用心地做好这件事。

总之,良好的外部动机对当下的学习或工作有积极的推动作用,而强大的内部动机却是持久成功的关键。

26.想完全吃透某个知识点,你只需要把它讲得别人都能听得懂。

记忆存储的有效方法是复述。复述分为两种:机械复述和精细复述。

机械复述将记忆中的信息不断地简单重复,但不能加强记忆,比如我们中学时期,死记硬背语文教材里的文章,但是很快就忘记了;

而精细复述将记忆的信息进行分析,使之与已有的经验建立联系,这是加强记忆的最有效方法。

而当你想把一个知识点讲得通俗易懂时,你不仅要吃透该知识点,还需要应用它,举例子,甚至举一反三,这样别人才能更好地理解。当别人能很好地理解时,就说明你完全掌握了这个知识点。

值得一提的是,这里也体现了中学时期我们老师反复强调的知识框架的重要性。在建立良好的知识框架的前提下,当我们学习新知识时,只需要把它与原有知识进行联结,也就是并入知识框架内,这样新知识更容易理解掌握,自然更不容易忘记。

27.当有人给你建议时,回答“你是对的”,而不是“我知道”。这听起来更好,更让人舒服。

28.如果你反复批评别人喜欢而你不喜欢的东西,他们并不会停止喜欢它,他们只会停止喜欢你。比如你女朋友喜欢看综艺,而你天天批判综艺没有营养,这并不会打击她对综艺的兴趣,只会打击她对你的兴趣。

29.遇到困难且无人帮助时,和自己说话可以使大脑更有效地工作。

自问自答或不出声的思考在心理学上被称为内部言语。它是在外部语言的基础上产生的。它本质上仍然是一种语言活动。虽然是一种不出声或不与人交流的语言形式,但它仍需要语言器官的参与,即便不出声。

我们思考的时候,应用的就是不出声的内部语言。而当你把思考的东西以语音的形式表达出来时,也就是出声的内部语言,大脑会对你说的话进行更为严格的审核,思维会更加敏捷和活跃。

而对于轻微强迫症的人来说,比如出门后总确认有没有锁门,可以在锁门的时候对自己说“我已经锁好门了”。这样印象会更深刻。

30.与积极快乐的人在一起会使你更快乐。

福利:致单身狗

31.如果一个女孩总是对你说自己很忙,那表示她对你没有兴趣,请离开。

32.当你女朋友或女性朋友不高兴时,相对于分析和解决问题,耐心倾听和积极安慰会让她感觉更好。

33.爱美是人的天性,更是女人的天性。如果你想获得一个女性的青睐,发自内心的赞美是最好的办法之一。

34.不要试图猜测女孩的感受。问她。

35.女性不喜欢你在她面前夸赞其她女性。即便那个人是你妈。

36.如果你喜欢一个女孩,请尝试首先与她交朋友,互相了解。贸然表白只会让她感到惊吓。

在马尔克斯的《霍乱时期的爱情》里,当弗洛伦蒂洛·阿里萨准备把写好的60页情书交给她的梦中情人费尔明娜·达萨时,他的妈妈阻止了他,因为费尔明娜·达萨还不认识她,这样热烈的表白只会吓到她。

相反,他妈妈劝告他要冷静下来,让她先认识他,了解他,主动发现他对她的热情,这样他的表白才不会让她感到唐突,才更有可能成为胜利的冲锋号。

37.女孩子喜欢感到特别。她们喜欢惊喜、礼物和鲜花。

38.如果你将你女朋友与另一个女孩进行比较,这对于她是难以接受的。

39.对于女人来说,再见有时候并不意味着再见。它有时表示“别走开”或“请和我在一起,我现在需要你!”。

40.最后,让我们计算一下按下“赞”按钮所需的卡路里。

移动一克肌肉一秒钟,平均消耗16.7微摩尔ATP(三磷酸腺苷)。因此,移动拇指手指中11.7克肌肉所需燃烧的ATP总量约为195微摩尔(11.7g×16.7μmol / g)。一摩尔ATP能量中有7.3卡路里,因此按下“赞”按钮时消耗的卡路里数量大约是1.42(7.3 / 1000)X 195),但你可以在半秒内完成。因此,消耗的能量为0.71卡路里。

快点燃烧卡路里吧嘿嘿。

有知友让我给推荐几本心理学书籍看看。作为一个学心理学的,我要好好说一说了。

市面上的心理学读物大致分为两类。第一类乐趣性高,内容生动形象,便于理解。适合那些没有心理学基础的小伙伴。缺点是专业性不高,不能对心理学进行系统学习。

另一类专业性较高,里面充斥着大量的专业术语和实验研究,容易劝退耐力不足的小伙伴。但很适合那些想深入研究心理学的小伙伴。比如《改变心理学的40项研究》《社会心理学》等。

值得一提的是,如果你是非科班出身,如若想系统地学习心理学,最好选择国外的心理学教材。因为国内的心理学教材理论性过强,内容生硬,极其容易打击你的兴趣。而国外的心理学教材,比如戴维·迈尔斯的《社会心理学》,理查德·格里格和菲利普·津巴多的《心理学与生活》,不仅权威性极高,而且语言生动活泼,充满大量的实用案例。非常值得一看。

《社会心理学》已经出到了第11版,可见影响之大。而《心理学与生活》的作者菲利普·津巴多便是那个扬名天下的心理学实验“斯坦福监狱实验”的主要研究人员。

大家可以根据自己的需要进行选择。

1.乐趣性较高的心理学读物

心理学6册:墨菲定律+微表情+九型人格+读心术等
京东
¥29.80
去购买

2.专业性较高的心理学读物

心理学经典:自卑与超越+梦的解析+乌合之众
淘宝
¥36.80
去购买

备注:喜欢心理学的知友,可以关注我的公号:大明白

从心理学的视角带你看世界。

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Origin www.cnblogs.com/Tearix/p/12067105.html