Block chain of the wind blowing in a formidable trend, many people are involved here. In the waiting time is not yet mature technology, not even figure out what is the block chain, someone has already began to preach his "revolutionary", another big opportunity after the Internet call.
Block chain can become a common infrastructure?
Block chain in the short term (2--3 years) does not become a common infrastructure, but the future has great potential. As the technology has not yet mature in the short term, considered force is limited, and in some applications to decentralization does not necessarily mean better quality of service from the center of brute replaced, but in the long run, to go through the chain block Center of the trust mechanism to change the connection, to bring about change in the relations of production, produce far-reaching impact on the future of the new relations of production and the industry will have a trust relationship.
Block chain will not become a common infrastructure in the short term, in addition to short-term maturity of the technology and operational efficiency can not meet the industry's demand for timely response, mainly due to the center in some applications does not necessarily mean better quality of service . Past monopoly profit center of the platform, in the decentralized block chain network is shared with all the network nodes (such as participation Bitcoin miners digging). No platform operator identification, screening, monitoring each node joins the network, makes the whole system of access and lack of effective oversight mechanisms. Therefore, the block chain as a common infrastructure to simply replace the existing network does not necessarily lead to better quality of service. For example: the accuracy of information in the absence of house "decentralized Airbnb" may affect the user stay, "go to the center of the bit" in bad credit will affect driver and passenger safety experience. In the block chain scenarios, although the landlord and tenant credit information, drivers and passengers will be recorded in the transaction, but the lack of results in the center of the platform when the transaction is difficult to guarantee the interests of both sides, such as passenger car drivers encounter black drop can not be enabled drops "emergency" function.
Internet by connecting everything to improve the level of productivity, changing the block chain connections through a new trust mechanism, to bring about change in the relations of production, and the future new relations of production and the trust will have a profound impact on the industry. After 20 years of development, the Internet connects people to information (search engines), and objects (electricity supplier), interpersonal (social networks), and human services (sharing economy), by digitizing the Internet greatly improves productivity . Despite all Internet connections, but is achieved through the establishment of a central platform (eg Facebook, Uber and Airbnb), the trust between the parties is based on the platform in the center of the endorsement of the platform, but the center of the platform is easy become the target of hacker attacks centralized platform company never likely to go bankrupt or cease operations. The block chain through a new trust mechanism - to trust of (Trustless), the inter-node network are not familiar with direct trust relationship can be established, each network node has the same power, there is no longer the center of server, any node stops working will not affect the overall operation of the system. It can be said in the past is to bring technology to enhance productivity, and bring the block chain is to change the relations of production. The building efficiency brought about by new production relations, will enhance the security industry have a profound impact.
To determine the suitability of an industry chain block what considerations?
Block chain is appropriate for an industry mainly depends on three factors: the block chain can effectively improve the efficiency and experience in the field, whether the field is higher than the value chain to bring the difficulty and cost of block chain hoist, district processing efficiency block chains can meet the actual needs of the art.
Block chain can effectively improve the efficiency and experience in the field. First, whether it is necessary to form a consensus on a large scale in order to ensure accuracy of information. For example: trading in financial instruments, there is "a vote of selling paper tickets, ticket endorsement power play money out of sync" market risk. Technical characteristics of the block chain with a whole network of public and non-tampering of timestamp, can effectively avoid fraud forgery. Therefore, in the field of trade bills, can effectively reduce the risk of loss events caused by consensus. Secondly, decentralization can bring significantly improve the overall efficiency of the network. For example: the traditional cross-border payments, including wire transfers, international card organizations (Visa, Master) etc. exist complicated process, billing cycles, high fees, use of funds and other shortcomings. Ripple use of distributed books and native currency XRP (reboxetine currency) so that banks can participate in real-time cross-border payments between different networks. Number of participating banks with secure transactions transparent block chain point to point, can not be tampered with features to achieve effective collaboration, expanding the network effect.
Whether the chain difficulties and costs in this area is higher than the value associated with the block chain hoist. The solution is to block chain digital assets circulation consistency and traceability at different nodes. Digital assets (eg: credits bits) is generated in the chain, is formed directly in the closed system digital trusted environment. But in reality most line format involving physical assets, and physical assets requires a lot of digital work, the need to ensure the authenticity of the chain, under certain scenarios even require time synchronization chain at the chain, these have become cost and technology block chain difficulty. Therefore, in some areas it cost and difficulty of application block chain may be higher than the value it brings improvement.
Block chain is not the monopoly giants are leading to more advanced new ticket?
Block chain of the times, the economic model of the Internet platform is no longer valid. Block chain to the center of current commercial properties and giant conflict of interest, the Internet giants are concerned, will be explored in the non-core businesses and scenes, but it is difficult all in, so to entrepreneurs or stay the window period and opportunities.
Block chain of the times, the creator of the network platform is no longer the owner. When the marginal cost of the network close to the marginal utility of the network, anyone can fork in a common block historical basis and on existing user groups. Sterling symbol http://www.gendan5.com/currency/GBP.html Internet platform, for example about the car, the driver, the marginal revenue is the income fare passengers, the marginal cost is paid by commission to the platform (usually It is a certain percentage of the fare). As users continue to accumulate, increasing the driver, network effects more and more obvious, the right platform to speak is getting stronger. However, if the platform will commission rate continued to increase, profits either 1) get the driver to continuously reduce, or 2) The driver will pass on price increases platform commission taxi users. Because the effect has formed a network of high net replacement cost about car platform, as long as there is profit to be made drivers, platform monopoly can be continued. In the network block chain, once the network is close to the marginal cost of the marginal utility of the network, anyone can be bifurcated block transaction history based on existing user base and network about cars, and the new commission rate than chain low, the driver can attract users to migrate to the new chain by lowering fares.
Big mainly in non-core businesses try to block chain. Big enjoy the additional benefits of monopoly, and to the center of the block chain characteristics may break the monopoly giants in their respective fields, large financial institutions, the Internet giant to block chain "love-hate relationship." For financial institutions, even if the block chain in the financial sector has great potential, it also has a strong willingness to explore the block chain, but at this stage to test the water is concentrated in the periphery of the non-core systems and business scenarios, and more to the league chain or chain of private way. Internet giants will focus will be on exploring non-core businesses and scenes, but it is difficult all in, so to entrepreneurs or stay the window period and opportunities.
Entrepreneurial opportunities block chain mainly in what areas?
Block chain entrepreneurial opportunities concentrated in the application layer, in cross-border payments, intellectual property protection, the potential market size of application block chain more than $ 10 billion.
Block chain into the underlying technology and entrepreneurial opportunities upper application, but with the release of intelligent Ethernet platform contract Square, EOS, etc., reducing the threshold for application development block chain, and the chain to the center of the block brings efficiency, security but also closely integrated with the needs of the industry together, so most entrepreneurial opportunities will focus on the application layer, which is based on "block chain +" project of industrial applications.
There is a large number of transactions and the need to build a lot of trust in contractual relations industry, entrepreneurial opportunities block chain is most likely to occur. High data processing requirements of the financial sector and a strong willingness to pay, so it should be the first to be the transformation of industries, including cross-border payments, interbank payment, clearing and settlement of inter-bank loans and joint liquidation, a secondary market of digital currency investment opportunities, downstream encryption on currency ecology. The second category is easily the transformation of the industry, including culture, entertainment, intellectual property rights and so on. The third sector is likely to be the transformation of the gaming industry.
In the financial sector to accept the first block chain to cross-border payments, for example, the block chain can help the bank save $ 130-170 million in fees. The traditional cross-border payments required intermediate links and many different countries due to liquidation proceedings, leading to the settlement for up to 2-5 days, and the need to pay a lot of fees. Based on cross-border payments can block chain to abandon the role of intermediary banks can not only reduce fees and improve transfer efficiency (Ripple can shorten this time to 4 seconds), but also due to the characteristics of distributed books to improve the transparency of transactions and safety.
According to World Bank statistics, in 2016 bilateral remittance size of $ 5,735.5 million global transfer fee was 5.29% -7.09% (as of 2017Q4,5.29% as a weighted average of 7.09% is the average), according to ripple chain can block to help banks reduce the 42% fee. Therefore, the full application of the block chain can save $ 130-170 one hundred million fee.
Block chain of processing efficiency can meet the actual needs of the art. Some scenarios (such as: personal micro-payment), transaction processing speed than the consensus of the whole network, to the center more critical, while the existing block chain technology of processing power far from meeting the needs of these scenarios.
The rise of the Internet, such as the scene is also so hot, but it does "burn" a lot of entrepreneurs. After Internet technologies become more mature, the industry giants have also unfolded, formed known as "BAT" three big mountains. Internet start-up stage and then later, the Internet lost dividends, the homogenization of serious, resulting in "In order to do the Internet, I cheated investors to" this farce appear.
Zhang (anonymous) is 90, also a student to start a business from people, compared to many entrepreneurs, he has been leading a lot. He considered atypical Internet industry entrepreneurs, experienced Internet age 020, applets, etc., but Internet companies cruel survival mode, so that he eventually die a natural death.
Glorious defeat, but also let him see the Internet company late difficult living conditions. After the seeds have been highly entrepreneurial ambush in his heart, and later at a friend's black hole (anonymous) lobbying potential of the block chain, opened his business career again, this time hoping to block chain to make a career.
Financing difficulties
Zhang is the beginning of a friend and business together in the junior time, it was not the entrepreneurial activity on campus, he organized several like-minded friends to participate in entrepreneurial competition, and won the first prize. After this a few friends will be sworn brothers, officially opened a business career.
In order to expand awareness, Zhang and later led the team participated in the entrepreneurship competition in Shanghai, in a round of fierce fighting, the successful cut second prize. Armenia team and they have the potential to take off.
Entrepreneurship is the most important part of the funding for this matter, they are miserable.
In order to get the favor of investors, to get financing, Zhang traveled legs. His primary goal is to institutional investors, because he knew that institutional investors can not only bring money, but also since a lot of resources. However, investors or not qualified because he is young, and because his project or not good enough, always respond to a "re-think it over."
After several failed, Zhang began to help individual investors. As the team continues to expand, more and more demand for funds, the mountain heavy pressure in the Zhang body.
In the nick of time, the Shanghai government announced a policy of business students, Zhang seems to have found a straw, and tightly grasped. Finally, in the unremitting efforts, the team received a financing of 30W.
Traffic rare
primary problem is the traffic problem after Zhang to get financing. But he did not understand the Internet business foundation built on the premise has a mass of users. Only those with a mass of users in order to solve the information asymmetry, in order to improve efficiency in order to reduce the marginal cost.
According to Zhang description, in order to obtain a user, he often pushed together with all employees, a family run company, because the Internet late, lost bonus, won the customer the cost is very high. At that time, an APP-acquisition costs 50 yuan.
High-acquisition costs, insufficient funds for plenty of Internet companies is indeed a heart thing. Whatever you do in the Internet industry, we can say there is no traffic nothing. There is no flow of capital is not optimistic, no traffic itself is also difficult to survive.
Although Zhang get through the hardships of the road users, but good results, but also get a lot of users. Then, he meets another piece of business difficult.
Low user engagement
Zhang received a large number of users, but he gradually found that these users generally like a zombie lying there motionless. This is also a problem commonly encountered by many Internet companies, many enterprises have failed to figure out the target user, it simply does flow, a far cry from the last target.
Low user engagement has become the industry pain points. First, the development process up to 12 years and 6 years of PC Internet of mobile Internet has been the emergence of a lot of fun applications, these giants often attract the user's attention. Secondly, more competitive, increasing the threshold is low, homogeneity and more serious, leading to dispersed users.
Zhang later recalled this Internet business experience, both sad and feeling a sense of helplessness. Sad that hard work during the work, often stays up late, room and board are in the company, but in the end but no good fruit; but unfortunately the identity of that light, small companies, the less money it can not be trial and error, resulting in missed opportunities.
Acquaintance block chain
Zhang into the block chain since December 2017 will face once with a friend. He heard about Bitcoin as early as 2013, but did not do in-depth understanding. At this point, the friend brought the black hole again, but deeply attracted Armenia, lit the fire of his mind share of the venture.
Black holes and many others, also enter the block chain field in 2017. He firmly said: "block chain will be the future of financial innovation, infrastructure sharing and other businesses, it brings philosophy of innovation will form our social organization, and even subvert the existing economic system and, area. block chain must belong to the 90, must be the forerunner of the future. "
Zhang was attracted to this argument, began to take the initiative to understand what block chain in the end is, what it means for small entrepreneurs.
Beyond expectation financing
financing Internet companies are the CEO of the agency to explain the business model and the use of the funds. Usually the only person involved in the project investors and parties, both showing the relationship of interdependence.
Block chain's financing and traditional Internet business is very different, it is an ordinary investor can also participate in the project. This is much like the stock issuance, except that ordinary investors can also participate in the primary market share.
This way of participation, so that more users to the project Fangli Yi bind, so that ordinary users can also act as project investor side, to grow with the project. Moreover, the total amount of funds raised are often several times higher than traditional financing.
Zhang laments this way for startups too friendly, just a website, a white book, to do something about the clear can be. If a user is willing to support you, then you can raise sufficient funds, so that the project alive.
Ultra-low cost of acquisition (CPA)
block chain project in addition to institutional investors, most of them are made up of ordinary investors, it also formally required by traditional Internet industry seed users.
With this group of users, the community is basically alive and active in the community will lead to more people's attention. These seeds users will spare no effort to promote the project. Block chain has always been a new technology, heat it itself is attractive enough, coupled with the continuous promotion of these users, user groups will only grow.
Zhang began to feel this way and distributors like, then he is gradually trust and consensus scene block chain brought realize that the project will generate trust between parties who believe that the project will generate a consensus among users . The larger when the consensus range, the more valuable items. But this is not out of thin air, like Bitcoin, he is relying on the nature of the underlying mathematics ensured.
Ultra-high user stickiness
Zhang did not think the role of consensus can be so powerful. For the traditional Internet companies, to enhance user stickiness approach is simply to burn. This is also why groups like the United States, it takes the market value of these pieces, because unprofitable.
Unprofitable Internet companies important reason for a division needs to be attributed to the Internet giant said dimensionality reduction caused by blow. They rely on low-cost subsidy to enhance the user stickiness, such as the absence of subsidies, these users often do not use these products.
A good example is the US group taxi. Some time ago the US Mission taxi brought dividends, squeezing drops of living space, a time fly by the user, how many US corporations can now use a taxi user left it?
Zhang realized that technology trust is to achieve consensus behind the basis of consensus, the arrival of a consensus, the user can truly accepted, not because of the extra benefit of making choices. Users will actively monitor the progress of development projects, advice, and project and grow together.
More opportunities for development
By the end of 2017, when the block chain hot, many listed companies are beginning to enter the block chain to promote the field of the use of block chain technology. In addition to the occasion, many companies really make improvements in certain business use block chain technology, such as the supply chain.
At present the traditional Internet business venture is difficult, success is difficult, more difficult famous. In block chain that a virgin land, there are various possibilities, BAT will appear as the traditional giants in the future.
In addition, the block chain business model is also lighter, project sponsors need only to other possible co-governance through community, this is the importance of a distributed control block chain advocated. Domestic DAOONE organization is one such organization.
Of course, block chain technology is still in its early stages, for business people, is a major opportunity. Now many people do remain on the sidelines, but these people will be abandoned by the times, because the only person associated with the development of the industry in order to grasp the lifeblood of the industry.
Zhang was impressed by the philosophy behind the block chain, the future of the organization, the company's form may no longer exist, as came the DAO (Distributed autonomous organization). He believes that the content contained in the block chain can provide many opportunities for entrepreneurs, do not worry about the problems encountered by traditional Internet companies.
In the field of entrepreneurship block chain
Zhang now convinced block chain revolutionize industries. Similar to the wave of the Internet, the block chain is still a potential worth of reclaimed farmland.
Block chain financing solution to the traditional Internet, the success of high-acquisition, and low user stickiness problem, strengthen the consensus among users.
Many areas of the existing block chain projects, resulting in industry chaos, but this is only a small number of people. Some people use the block chain gimmick scarification leeks, disrupt the development of the industry, contrary to the block chain consensus.
Zhang said: "If the entrepreneur, must do something valuable to society, so long-lasting."