1. Summary
Oriental bee (Apis cerana) is an important part of Asian agriculture. It has adapted to a variety of environmental conditions in South and East Asia, including high altitudes. Bees eastern mountains and adjacent lowlands bees there are differences in morphology, there may be differences in physiology and behavior. We compared the 60 collected by bees from eastern China Gansu and Yunnan high altitude and low altitude, infer their evolutionary history, and to identify candidate genes may be adapted to high altitude. By combining the FST- based on statistical data, the long range haplotype test ( Long-Range Tests haplotype) and population statistics branch (Branch statistics Population ), we identified several genomic region appears in the positive selection . These candidate regions and then enriched protein coding sequence, and having a high degree of difference haplotypes pure (Divergence), particularly in colonies plateau, indicating that they recently selected by the high altitude habitat. These candidate loci genomic region includes genes associated with reproduction and feeding behavior of the bees. These functional studies of candidate sites for a comprehensive understanding of the eastern part of the bees are necessary to adapt to high altitude habitat of the mechanism.
2、 I N T R O D U C T I O N
Depending on the local environment, populations of different species face different selection pressures.