Beginners should look for a learning direction and choose a language based on the learning direction.
Languages are all tools. Before choosing a tool, you must be clear about what you want to do. If you want to chop down a tree, an ax must be the most convenient. Can other tools be used? Yes, but it's not easy.
If you want to do back-end, then learn Java; if you want to go in the big data direction, choose Python; if you are interested in front-end development, learn HTML+CSS+JavaScript; if you want to understand the underlying driver, learn C/C++.
1. Choose a good language and don’t worry about the version.
Choose a language to learn. Don’t worry about which version. Just follow the popular language and don’t worry about compatibility issues. Friends who are just starting out will not be able to reach the level of being dug into by the version area for a long time.
Share the learning resources below:
Front-end: What we have to learn is HTML+CSS+JS; later we also need to learn the popular framework vue , etc., and Node.js related to the back-end ;
Backend: Programming language is the foundation. It is recommended to choose Java. For applications that additionally master another language, Python and Go are recommended;
New Java Learning Roadmap 275 Agree · 43 Comments Article 
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/352898163
Data related: It is recommended to learn Python for big data development; mainly learn Python + 5 databases for data analysis;
In addition, many people think that C language and C++ are a must-learn content for development. You can read:
Embedded is now the choice of many people, but it is a bit difficult to learn:
3. Get the grammar right first
For self-taught friends, you really don’t need to learn any knowledge about computer composition principles or design patterns at the beginning, just learn the language first. Regarding history, evolution, and development, it’s better to understand them without going into details. As for the advantages, just see the differences and understand them. Mainly learning grammar, you don’t have to worry about so much, you need to keep typing code. It’s okay to copy it at first, but you have to type it by hand.
The hands-on process not only deepens memory, but also allows everyone to feel the feeling of controlling the computer. Learn a language well first, then look back at history and make comparisons, read the theories and sharings of some big guys, and gradually expand your knowledge outwards, which will be more helpful for learning.
4. If you don’t know Linux, go to school on Windows
In fact, for newcomers who don’t know how to use Linux, there is really no need to install Ubuntu and install Black Apple for a long time. After installing it, they don’t know how to set up a development environment or spend a long time. Then it took me a long time to get familiar with Windows. I didn’t have all the commonly used software yet, so I dug a hole for myself before I even started learning. So it's best to do it on Windows from the beginning.
There are also learning resources for novices. In fact, most of them are based on Windows.
5. About computers
Of course, I can explain these basic computer science concepts in a simpler way:
- What is the procedure? — Principles of computer organization. Just like understanding how a car runs, the principles of computer organization help us understand how computers work. It tells us what parts are in a computer, such as the brain (CPU), memory (memory), and senses (input/output devices), and how these parts work together to run programs.
- How are programs translated? —Principles of compilation . Imagine you write a letter but the recipient doesn't understand your language. The principle of compilation is like translation. It converts a program you write in a programming language (such as English) into a language that the computer can understand and execute (such as the computer's "native language").
- How is the program executed? — Category of operating systems. The operating system is like the commander of the computer. It tells the computer when to run programs, how to manage memory (memory) and how to handle multiple tasks simultaneously. In short, it makes the computer work in an orderly manner.
- How to use the work of others to achieve better data organization? — Database related. A database is like a huge, organized library. It helps us store, find and use information (data) and ensures that this information is easy to access and manage.
- How to ensure that the program is easier to maintain and readable? — These are design patterns and coding conventions. Design patterns and code specifications are like architectural blueprints and building codes. They provide guidance and best practices for creating good, easy-to-understand and maintain software.
Understanding the basic concepts is also very important. Even if you are new to programming, you can better understand computers by learning the above content.