Why url encoding?
What should you do when %2F appears in your URL? How does JS pass parameters or special symbols in url? How to solve the problem that we often encounter some special symbols such as %2F and %2B in URL links? Let's take a look:
- According to the RFC standard, some symbols cannot be passed directly in the URI and must be encoded according to the prescribed format.
- Encoding format: % plus the ASCII code of the character, that is, a percent sign %, followed by the ASCII (hexadecimal) code value of the corresponding character. For example: the encoding value of a space is "%20".
URL special symbols and encoding.
+ URL 中+号表示空格 %2B
空格 URL中的空格可以用+号或者编码 %20
/ 分隔目录和子目录 %2F
? 分隔实际的 URL 和参数 %3F
% 指定特殊字符 %25
# 表示书签 %23
& URL 中指定的参数间的分隔符 %26
= URL 中指定参数的值 %3D
How to encode and decode url?
1. escape and unescape (less commonly used)
Precautions
Special note: There are 69 characters that escape does not encode: *, +, -, ., /, @, _, 0-9, a-z, A-Z.
Introduction to use
- escape() cannot be used directly for URL encoding. Its real function is to return the Unicode encoding value of a character.
- The escape() function is used by js to encode strings
- Use the unicode character set to encode the specified string except 0-255.
- All spaces, punctuation marks, special characters and more related non-ASCII characters will be converted into character encoding in %xx format (xx is equal to the hexadecimal number of the character's encoding in the character set table).
- For example, the encoding corresponding to the space character is %20.
Use Cases
var url = "http://localhost:8080/xiaojin?state=11&name=xiaojin&other=开心";
escape(url)
'http%3A//localhost%3A8080/xiaojin%3Fstate%3D11%26name%3Dxiaojin%26other%3D%u5F00%u5FC3'
2. encodeURI and decodeURI (less commonly used)
Precautions
==Special Notes: There are 82 characters that encodeURI does not encode:!, #, $, &, ', (,), *, +,,,-,.,/,:,;,=, ?, @, _, ~, 0-9, a-z, A-Z ==
Introduction to use
Convert URI strings into various escape strings using UTF-8 encoding format.
encodeURI() is generally used to encode the entire url
Use Cases
var url = "http://localhost:8080/xiaojin?state=11&name=xiaojin&other=开心";
encodeURI(url)
'http://localhost:8080/xiaojin?state=11&name=xiaojin&other=%E5%BC%80%E5%BF%83'
3. encodeURIComponent and decodeURIComponent (commonly used)
Precautions
==Special Notes: This is easier to use, because "; / ? : @ & = + $ , #" will all be encoded. ==
Introduction to use
- I usually use this for parameter passing
- It is used to encode components of a URL individually rather than encoding the entire URL.
- Use UTF-8 encoding format to convert into escape format string.
- Parameters containing special characters may cause breaks.
Use Cases
var url = "http://localhost:8080/xiaojin?state=11&name=xiaojin&other=开心";
encodeURIComponent(url)
'http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A8080%2Fxiaojin%3Fstate%3D11%26name%3Dxiaojin%26other%3D%E5%BC%80%E5%BF%83'
That’s all for today~
- Friends, (￣ω￣(￣ω￣〃 (￣ω￣〃)ゝSee you tomorrow~~
- Everyone, please be happy every day
Everyone is welcome to point out areas that need correction in the article~
There is no end to learning and win-win cooperation
