【Error report】
Traceback (most recent call last):
driver.find_element_by_id(‘kw’).send_keys(‘python’)
AttributeError: ‘WebDriver’ object has no attribute ‘find_element_by_id’
【reason】
After Selenium was updated to a new version (version 4.x), the syntax of some previously commonly used codes has changed.
【Solution】
Change 1: executable_path
executable_path has been deprecated, you need to pass in a Service object
Old version
from selenium import webdriver
# 通过指定chromedriver的路径来实例化driver对象，chromedriver放在当前目录。
driver=webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='./chromedriver')
new version
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service # 新增
service = Service(executable_path='./chromedriver')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
driver.get("网址")
Change 2: Selenium positioned element code
Old version Selenium element positioning code:
driver.find_element_by_id("value") # 利用ID查找
driver.find_element_by_class_name("value") # 利用类名查找
driver.find_element_by_name("value") # 利用name属性查找
driver.find_element_by_tag_name("value") # 利用标签名查找
driver.find_element_by_xpath("value") # 利用xpath查找
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("value") # 利用CSS选择器查找
New version of Selenium element positioning code:
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
driver.find_element_by_id("value") # 利用ID查找
# 改为：
driver.find_element(By.ID, "value")
driver.find_element_by_class_name("value") # 利用类名查找
# 改为：
driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "value")
driver.find_element_by_name("value") # 利用name属性查找
# 改为：
driver.find_element(By.NAME, "value")
driver.find_element_by_tag_name("value") # 利用标签名查找
# 改为：
driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "value")
driver.find_element_by_xpath("value") # 利用xpath查找
# 改为：
driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "value")
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("value") # 利用CSS选择器查找
# 改为：
driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "value")