Table of contents
3. Message dialog box QMessageBox()
1) Message dialog box QMessageBox type
5. Font format dialog box QFontDialog
6. Color dialog box QColorDialog
2) Use the color dialog box to modify the font color and background color
②Font background color setting
Note: This method cannot modify the background color and font color at the same time.
1) Select the file with the specified suffix name
3) Use QFileDialog to implement image selection and file loading
1. Dialog QDialog category
QMessage——Message prompt box
QColorDialog——Color dialog box
QFIleDialog——File operation dialog box
QFontDialog - Font format dialog
QInputDialog——Input dialog box
2. Common dialog box
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/5/25 18:16
# @Author : @linlianqin
# @Site :
# @File : QDialog_learn.py
# @Software: PyCharm
# @description:
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
import sys
## 通用对话框
class QDialogDemo(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super(QDialogDemo, self).__init__()
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
self.resize(300,100)
self.setWindowTitle("Qdialog Demo")
self.btn1 = QPushButton("弹出对话框",self)
self.btn1.move(50,50)
# 点击按钮弹出对话框
self.btn1.clicked.connect(self.showDialog)
# 创建对话框，点击按钮关闭
def showDialog(self):
dialog = QDialog()
dialog.resize(200,100)
dialog.setWindowTitle("对话框")
btn = QPushButton("关闭",dialog) # 在dialog中创建按钮
btn.move(50,50)
btn.clicked.connect(dialog.close)
# 将对话框设置为APP模式，即对话框未关闭时，没有办法对主窗口的控件进行操作
# 进入app循环
dialog.exec()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
mainWin = QDialogDemo()
mainWin.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
Note:
1) When there are multiple windows and when creating controls in different windows, you need to indicate who its parent class is.
self.btn1 = QPushButton("pop-up dialog box",self)btn = QPushButton("Close",dialog) # Create button in dialog2) When creating a new dialog window, don’t forget to add exec() and enter the loop
dialog.exec()
3. Message dialog box QMessageBox()
1) Message dialog box QMessageBox type
About dialog box——about
Error dialog box - critical
Warning dialog box——warning
Question dialog box——question
Message dialog box——information
Note: The above-mentioned different message dialog boxes mainly display different buttons and icons.
2) Case
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/5/25 18:30
# @Author : @linlianqin
# @Site :
# @File : QMessageBox_learn.py
# @Software: PyCharm
# @description:
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
import sys
## 通用对话框
class QMessageBoxDemo(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(QMessageBoxDemo, self).__init__()
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
self.resize(300,100)
self.setWindowTitle("Qdialog Demo")
layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.btn1 = QPushButton("关于对话框")
self.btn2 = QPushButton("错误对话框")
self.btn3 = QPushButton("警告对话框")
self.btn4 = QPushButton("消息对话框")
self.btn5 = QPushButton("提问对话框")
layout.addWidget(self.btn1)
layout.addWidget(self.btn2)
layout.addWidget(self.btn3)
layout.addWidget(self.btn4)
layout.addWidget(self.btn5)
# 点击按钮弹出对话框
self.btn1.clicked.connect(self.showDialog)
self.btn2.clicked.connect(self.showDialog)
self.btn3.clicked.connect(self.showDialog)
self.btn4.clicked.connect(self.showDialog)
self.btn5.clicked.connect(self.showDialog)
self.setLayout(layout)
# 创建对话框，点击按钮关闭
def showDialog(self):
text = self.sender().text()
if text == "关于对话框":
QMessageBox.about(self,"关于","关于对话框")
elif text == "错误对话框":
QMessageBox.critical(self,"错误","错误对话框")
if text == "警告对话框":
QMessageBox.warning(self,"关于","关于对话框")
if text == "消息对话框":
QMessageBox.information(self,"消息","消息对话框")
if text == "提问对话框":
QMessageBox.question(self,"提问","提问对话框")
# 消息对话框
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
mainWin = QMessageBoxDemo()
mainWin.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
4. Input dialog QInputDialog
1) Type
QInputDialog.getItem - pass in a list or tuple
QInputDialog.getText——Enter text
QInputDialog.getInt——Enter integers
2) Case
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/5/25 18:47
# @Author : @linlianqin
# @Site :
# @File : QInputDialog_learn.py
# @Software: PyCharm
# @description:
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
import sys
## 输入对话框
class QInputDialogDemo(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(QInputDialogDemo, self).__init__()
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
self.resize(300,100)
self.setWindowTitle("Qdialog Demo")
layout = QFormLayout()
self.btn1 = QPushButton("获取列表中的选项")
self.btn1.clicked.connect(self.getItem)
self.line1 = QLineEdit()
layout.addRow(self.btn1,self.line1)
self.btn2 = QPushButton("获取字符串")
self.btn2.clicked.connect(self.getText)
self.line2 = QLineEdit()
layout.addRow(self.btn2,self.line2)
self.btn3 = QPushButton("获取整数")
self.btn3.clicked.connect(self.getInt)
self.line3 = QLineEdit()
layout.addRow(self.btn3,self.line3)
self.setLayout(layout)
def getItem(self):
items = ["C","C++","Python"]
item,ok = QInputDialog.getItem(self,"请选择编程语言","语言列表",items)
if ok and item:
self.line1.setText(item)
def getText(self):
text,ok = QInputDialog.getText(self,"文本输入框","输入姓名")
if ok and text:
self.line2.setText(text)
def getInt(self):
num,ok = QInputDialog.getInt(self,"整数输入框","输入年龄")
if ok and num:
self.line3.setText(str(num))
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
mainWin = QInputDialogDemo()
mainWin.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_()) 
5. Font format dialog box QFontDialog
Through this dialog box, you can set the font type and font size. What is returned is a tuple, which contains the font format and a bool type.
font,ok = QFontDialog.getFont()font,ok = QFontDialog.getFont()
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/5/26 10:14
# @Author : @linlianqin
# @Site :
# @File : QFontDialog_learn.py
# @Software: PyCharm
# @description:
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
import sys
## 字体格式对话框
class QFontDialogDemo(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(QFontDialogDemo, self).__init__()
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
self.resize(300,100)
self.setWindowTitle("QFontDialog Demo")
layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.btn1 = QPushButton("字体格式")
self.label = QLabel("字体格式测试样例")
self.btn1.clicked.connect(self.changeFont)
layout.addWidget(self.btn1)
layout.addWidget(self.label)
self.setLayout(layout)
def changeFont(self):
font,ok = QFontDialog.getFont()
if ok:
self.label.setFont(font)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
mainWin = QFontDialogDemo()
mainWin.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
After modifying the font format:
6. Color dialog box QColorDialog
1) Get color
foreColor = QColorDialog.getColor()Return QColor class
2) Use the color dialog box to modify the font color and background color
①Font color setting
def setForeColor(self):
# 通过颜色对话框得到颜色
foreColor = QColorDialog.getColor()
# 设置文字颜色
p = QPalette()
p.setColor(QPalette.WindowText,foreColor)
self.label.setPalette(p)②Font background color setting
def setBgColor(self):
# 设置背景色
bgColor = QColorDialog.getColor()
p = QPalette()
p.setColor(QPalette.Window,bgColor)
self.label.setAutoFillBackground(True)
self.label.setPalette(p)
③Complete code
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/5/26 10:23
# @Author : @linlianqin
# @Site :
# @File : QColorDialog_learn.py
# @Software: PyCharm
# @description:
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
import sys
## 颜色对话框
class QColorDialogDemo(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(QColorDialogDemo, self).__init__()
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
self.resize(300,100)
self.setWindowTitle("QColorDialog Demo")
layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.btn1 = QPushButton("设置字体颜色")
self.btn2 = QPushButton("设置背景色")
self.label = QLabel("颜色对话框测试")
self.btn1.clicked.connect(self.setForeColor)
self.btn2.clicked.connect(self.setBgColor)
layout.addWidget(self.btn1)
layout.addWidget(self.btn2)
layout.addWidget(self.label)
self.setLayout(layout)
def setForeColor(self):
# 通过颜色对话框得到颜色
foreColor = QColorDialog.getColor()
# 设置文字颜色
p = QPalette()
p.setColor(QPalette.WindowText,foreColor)
self.label.setPalette(p)
def setBgColor(self):
# 设置背景色
bgColor = QColorDialog.getColor()
p = QPalette()
p.setColor(QPalette.Window,bgColor)
self.label.setAutoFillBackground(True)
self.label.setPalette(p)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
mainWin = QColorDialogDemo()
mainWin.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
Set font color
Set background color
Note: This method cannot modify the background color and font color at the same time.
7. File dialog box
QFileDialog is a standard dialog box for opening and saving files. QFileDialog uses a file filter when opening a file to display files with a specified extension. You can also set the starting directory and the file with a specified extension when using QFileDialog to open a file.
# Select image files with suffixes of jpg and .png and display them in the label frame,_ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self,"Open file",".","Image files (*.jpg;*.png) ")
1) Select the file with the specified suffix name
method one
def loadImage(self):
# 选择后缀名为,jpg和.png的图片文件，并显示在label中
frame,_ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self,"打开文件",".","Image files (*.jpg;*.png)")
print(frame)
self.imageLabel.setPixmap(QPixmap(frame))
Method Two
def loadText(self):
dialog = QFileDialog()
dialog.setFileMode(QFileDialog.AnyFile)
dialog.setFilter(QDir.Files)
if dialog.exec():
filenames = dialog.selectedFiles()
print(filenames)
with open(filenames[0],encoding = "utf-8",mode='r') as f:
data = f.read()
self.contents.setText(data)
2) Open a folder
def openDir(self):
fname = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self,"打开文件夹",".")
self.DirLabel.setText("选择文件夹："+fname)
3) Use QFileDialog to implement image selection and file loading
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/5/26 10:57
# @Author : @linlianqin
# @Site :
# @File : QFileDialog_learn.py
# @Software: PyCharm
# @description:
# 文件对话框
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
import sys
class QFileDialogDemo(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(QFileDialogDemo, self).__init__()
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
# self.resize(300)
self.setWindowTitle("QFileDialog Demo")
layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.btn1 = QPushButton("加载图片")
self.btn1.clicked.connect(self.loadImage)
layout.addWidget(self.btn1)
self.btn2 = QPushButton("加载文本")
self.btn2.clicked.connect(self.loadText)
layout.addWidget(self.btn2)
self.btn3 = QPushButton("选择文件夹")
self.btn3.clicked.connect(self.openDir)
layout.addWidget(self.btn3)
self.DirLabel = QLabel("文件夹名称")
layout.addWidget(self.DirLabel)
self.imageLabel = QLabel("----------")
layout.addWidget(self.imageLabel)
self.contents = QTextEdit()
layout.addWidget(self.contents)
self.setLayout(layout)
def loadImage(self):
# 选择后缀名为,jpg和.png的图片文件，并显示在label中
frame,_ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self,"打开文件",".","Image files (*.jpg;*.png)")
print(frame)
self.imageLabel.setPixmap(QPixmap(frame))
def loadText(self):
dialog = QFileDialog()
dialog.setFileMode(QFileDialog.AnyFile)
dialog.setFilter(QDir.Files)
if dialog.exec():
filenames = dialog.selectedFiles()
print(filenames)
with open(filenames[0],encoding = "utf-8",mode='r') as f:
data = f.read()
self.contents.setText(data)
def openDir(self):
fname = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self,"打开文件夹",".")
self.DirLabel.setText("选择文件夹："+fname)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
mainWin = QFileDialogDemo()
mainWin.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())Initial interface:
Select image dialog:
Select text dialog
Select folder dialog:
result
