Panoramic Analysis｜Although domestic cores (CPU, GPU, SSD, NAND, DRAM) have made breakthroughs, they still have a long way to go

In the past two days, the editor has seen two pieces of news about domestic cores, and I am very touched. In this article, the editor will share his thoughts. If there is anything inappropriate, I hope you will forgive me and you can leave a message to correct me!

The first news is: Recently, Huawei's rotating chairman Xu Zhijun made a call for domestically produced chips at the 2023 World Computing Conference, "We should not have illusions and should unswervingly build a sustainable computing industry ecosystem. From the computing industry From the perspective of the development path, only large-scale use can drive the progress and development of the computing industry." It was mentioned in the evolution process that although domestic cores are currently lagging behind, if we do not use them on a large scale, we cannot change the backward status quo. Only the use process can continuously discover Problems, problem solving, and technical improvements.

The second one is an interview about domestic lithography machines. From the video, we can also see that the development of domestic chips, especially lithography machines, is full of bitterness. Fortunately, we have seen the light of day.

Domestic chips cover many fields. We often talk about domestic CPUs, domestic DRAM, domestic NAND, domestic SSD controllers, domestic GPUs, etc.

1. Domestic CPU

When it comes to domestic CPUs, the industry generally thinks of six well-known institutions and companies that research CPUs.

Domestic CPU manufacturers	Architecture authorization status	Degree of autonomy and controllability
Huawei Kunpeng	ARM instruction set architecture authorization	higher
Tianjin Feiteng	ARM instruction set architecture authorization	higher
Haiguang	x86 architecture IP core licensing	generally
Zhaoxin	x86 architecture IP core licensing	generally
Godson	LoongISA instruction system is compatible with MIPS instructions	higher
Shenwei	Alpha instruction set independently developed	higher

Not all domestic CPU architectures are licensed from overseas, but they are not entirely domestically produced either. At present, the architecture authorization status of the six major domestic CPU manufacturers is as follows:

1. Huawei Kunpeng and Tianjin Feiteng: These two companies use ARM instruction set architecture authorization, with a high degree of independence. They can develop and design CPU cores, chips and expand instruction sets by themselves, and are compatible with most ecological applications on the market. degree is higher. This means that they are not entirely domestic, because the ARM instruction set is technology from British companies.
2. Haiguang and Zhaoxin: The current mainstream x86 architecture IP core licensing model adopted by these two companies in the PC and server markets is based on the design and development of public version CPU cores. This means that they are not entirely domestic, since the x86 architecture is technology from American companies. Haiguang CPU's authorization comes from AMD, and Zhaoxin's authorization comes from VIA, which can ultimately be traced back to the United States.