Network Architecture refers to the relationship and organization between various hardware devices, software components and protocols in a computer network. It includes network hierarchical structure, protocol hierarchical structure, communication methods, topology and network security.
In computer networks, the network architecture is usually divided according to the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model or the TCP/IP model. The OSI model divides the network architecture into seven levels, each level has its own functions and responsibilities. The TCP/IP model divides the network architecture into four layers, including the network interface layer, network layer, transport layer and application layer.
The underlying principle is that the network architecture needs to organize and manage various parts of the computer network according to certain rules and protocols to facilitate the transmission and exchange of data. Each component in the network architecture has its own functions and characteristics, and needs to follow certain specifications and protocols for communication and interaction. The design and implementation of network architecture need to consider a variety of factors, including network topology, data transmission speed, network security and reliability, etc., to meet the requirements of different application scenarios and needs.