The ultimate goal of many people to build an AIO host is to build a NAS. The Synology system is considered to be the most used by users among NAS, and the various softwares are relatively good. What I installed here is Black Synology DS918-7.01.
The main reference tutorials for the Synology installation part are: Proxmox VE (PVE) installation black Synology DSM7.X tutorial (PVE virtual machine installation Synology DS918-7.01 nanny-level tutorial) - GXNAS Blog
Synology document source is related to:
1. Creation of Synology virtual machine
First you need to create a virtual machine, enter the pve management interface, click on the upper right corner to create a virtual machine.
Fill in the name and the ID will be filled in automatically, or you can manually fill in an unused one.
The operating system has chosen not to use any media.
Just keep the system as default.
The disk can also be kept as default and will be deleted and re-created later.
The CPU is allocated according to your specific situation. For example, I only have a quad-core CPU, so I choose slot: 1, core: 4. The type is changed to host. Some coy cannot find the IP address after startup, so change it back to the default.
The memory is also allocated according to the actual situation. I allocated 4096mb, which is enough for me.
The network recommends using E1000e according to the reference tutorial. This requires separate settings, but the actual use effect was not good. The data displayed in the Synology system was inaccurate. Later, it was changed to virtio, which is relatively stable.
Creation is complete, please confirm.
2. Synology virtual machine settings
First, you need to detach and delete the hard disk you just created. Find the virtual machine you just created, open the hardware, click on the hard disk, and then click Detach.
An unused disk appears, select it and click Delete.
Select BIOS, click Edit, and change to OVMF (UEFI).
Select the machine, click Edit, and change the model to q35.
There are some Black Synology files that cannot be used directly, or if you want to whiten them, you can use DiskGenius software to modify them. Select the hard disk, click to open the virtual hard disk file, and select the downloaded img file.
Enter the boot-grub folder, select the grub.cfg file, and right-click - copy to the specified folder. Select a folder and copy it.
Find the file in the folder you just specified and open it. Modify the part where the horizontal lines are drawn. Among them, netif_num is changed to the number of network ports, one is 1, if there are two network ports, it is 2, and a mac2 needs to be added after mac1. The same is true if there are more network ports. If there is whitewashing code, you need to modify the mac and sn values. vid and pid do not need to be modified. After modification, save and exit.
Right-click in the DiskGenius software boot-grub folder-copy the file to the current partition, and select the grub.cfg file you just modified to replace it.
Just exit.
Then you need to upload the img image file. Find the iso image in the data center - local (some exist in local-lvm) and click to upload.
Select the img file you just modified.
After the upload is completed, the following interface will appear, and you need to copy the section after the target file.
Enter the pve system terminal and enter the following command, where 103 is the ID of your nas, and the file path behind is the target file you just copied. If local-lvm is not deleted, the last command should be local-lvm.
qm importdisk 103 /var/lib/vz/template/iso/DS918-7.X.img local
Enter the pve system web page and enter the nas. Immediately, an unused disk is found on the hardware interface.
Edit, the bus/device selection is sata.
If you need to add a pve virtual hard disk, select Add - Hard Disk.
Set the disk size according to your needs. I choose 50 here and set the device to sata. If it is SSD and requires advanced, select SSD emulation. If it is a mechanical hard drive, it is not required. Synology has minimum requirements for storage hard drives. DSM7.X is 19GB. If the size is smaller than this, the installation will fail.
If you need hard disk pass-through and core display pass-through, you can refer to this article I wrote before.
Then go to the options interface and modify the boot order.
Just select sata0.
3. Synology system installation
In the pve management interface, select the Synology virtual machine and start it. You need to enter the console. In the following interface, press the key, select the following one and enter.
You will enter this interface later.
After that, you need to enter the find.synology.com website, or download the synology assistant software to search for Synology virtual machines.
Please make sure it is within the same LAN, otherwise it is very likely that it cannot be found. In fact, it may not be found within the same LAN.
If the openwrt system is installed, the corresponding IP can be found based on the host name in openwrt.
Enter the IP address in the browser, followed by: 5000. You can enter the setting interface.
During installation, choose to manually upload the .pat file from your computer and select the pat file you downloaded before.
Then the installation started.
You need to wait about 10 minutes after the installation is completed.
After waiting for completion, enter the welcome interface.
After creating the user, click Next and choose manual installation.
Skip creating a Synology account.
If you do not check the box for device analysis, you can enter the system desktop after submitting.
4. Creation of storage pool and storage space
This mainly refers to the following article:
How to correctly create storage pools and storage spaces on Synology NAS storage_ITPUB Blog
You can refer to the picture below for various RAID types. If you need large storage, use JBOD. If you need security, use RAID. If you need both security and large storage, you can choose SHR.
Different RAID types can be changed, refer to the figure below.
Different RAID types require different minimum number of hard disks.
I choose SHR type here.
Select the hard drive to use.
If you need to set up a RAID, it is best to perform a hard disk check. I am only demonstrating here, so I skipped it.
Maximize storage space allocation size.
Select the file system as Brfs
Check the settings again and select Apply if there are no issues.
Then the creation is completed.
As can be seen from the picture above, the statistics are very wrong. It is a problem with the network card being e1000e. It was restored after changing it to virtio.
5. Use of Synology system
I have to say that Synology’s Package Center has a lot of useful software. For example, this cloud sync can synchronize files from other network disks to Synology.
Click the plus sign, select a supplier, and log in to agree to access.
Set as needed.
After setting up, you can synchronize.
This software can synchronize files from computers and mobile phones to NAS. After downloading this, you will download three software: synology drive management console, synology drive, and synology drive sharesync.
The synology drive management console controls connected devices and storage locations.
Synology drive is a software that can manage synchronized files.
Also, when you have multiple NAS, you can use synology drive sharesync to synchronize multiple NAS files.
The download station can download bt seeds, but after downloading, you need to manually operate to seed, and the functionality is relatively poor. I use qbittorrent in docker.
6. Download, use and change sources of Docker
Docker is a lightweight virtual machine platform that can load image programs written by others. Docker can be used to increase the usability of the Synology system. Docker can be downloaded directly from the Package Center.
When docker downloads the image, it sometimes fails due to network download, so it is often necessary to change the source. Mainly refer to this article for source change: Synology docker image source is replaced by Alibaba Cloud image source_MoFalleaves' blog-CSDN blog
First you need to create an Alibaba Cloud account. Alibaba Cloud's address is: Alibaba Cloud-For Incalculable Value (aliyun.com)
After successful registration and login, click on the console in the upper left corner.
Search for container image services.
Click the mirror tool, select the mirror accelerator, there is an accelerator address, select copy.
Open docker - Registry - Settings - Select Docker Hub and click Edit.
Click to check to enable registry mirroring, fill in the URL you just copied in the registry mirror URL below, and click Confirm.
7. Installation and use of docker qbittorrent
For qbittorrent installation, please refer to the following article.
First enter docker, enter qbittorrent in the upper right corner of the registry (actually qbit is enough), you can see that linuxserver is crushed, and you can install it by double-clicking it.
Just select latest for the label.
After downloading, it will appear in the image.
After that, you need to configure the relevant folders. Open the file manager, and in the docker folder (or not in this folder), create a new qbit (name it according to your needs) folder. This folder stores config related files. Then create a folder where you want to store the downloaded files, and name it according to your needs.
Then you need to add permissions to these two folders. Select the folder and right click on Properties.
In the properties, select permissions in the upper left corner, click Add, select everyone for users and groups, and then select all management, read, and write permissions. After completion, don't forget to apply to this folder and subfiles in the properties interface. Folders and files are selected.
After the settings are completed, return to the docker interface, start the qbittorrent you just downloaded, and click Advanced Settings.
Select Add Folder in the storage space section, which requires two operations. Set the loading paths of the two folders just created to /downloads and /config respectively.
The port settings are as shown in the figure.
Environment needs to click Add to add three variables.
respectively
TempPath /downloads
SavePath /downloads
WEBUI_PORT 8999
Click Apply, next step, check whether the settings are correct.
Just click Finish, and then you need to enter the IP address + port number in the browser. The IP address is the IP address of Synology, and the port number is 8999 if it is the same as my setting. Enter the user name admin and the password adminadmin.
The first entry is in English. Click on the small gear, webui, select Simplified Chinese first, then slide down and click on the application to display Chinese.
In the connection options page, change the port for incoming connections to 52000 (also set before, change it according to your own settings), and select Use my router's UPnP/NAT-PMP port forwarding.
There are many settings in qbittorrent, just modify them according to your needs.
Click on the file symbol with the plus sign as a merchant to select the file for download.
8. Installation and use of docker jellyfin
For jellyfin installation, please refer to the following article:
First enter docker, enter jellyfin in the upper right corner of the registry, select the third one in this column, this one is optimized, Black Skirt can directly enable the core display hard decoding, double-click to install.
Just select latest for the label.
After downloading, it will appear in the image.
After that, you need to configure the relevant folders. Open the file manager, create a new jellyfin (same as above, name it according to your needs) folder in the docker folder (same as above, or not in this folder), and then create the config folder and cache in this folder Folders to store configuration files and cache files respectively
This time just give the jellyfin file permissions, because the two folders just now are its sub-files. Select the folder and right click on Properties. In the properties, select permissions in the upper left corner, click Add, select everyone for users and groups, and then select all management, read, and write permissions. After completion, don't forget to apply to this folder and subfiles in the properties interface. Folders and files are selected.
After the settings are completed, return to the docker interface, start the jellyfin you just downloaded, select Use high permissions to execute the container, and click Advanced settings.
Select Add Folder in the storage space section, which requires three operations. Set the mounting paths of the two folders you just created to /config and /cache respectively, and then set the location where your movie is placed to /vedio.
Network check Use the same network as Docker Host.
There is no need to set the port settings. Of course, if 8096 is used, you need to cancel the same network as the Docker Host and then set it yourself.
There is no need to set up the link and environment. Just click Apply and take the next step.
Once confirmed, click Finish.
After starting, you can view the running status in the container section.
Just click Finish, and then you need to enter the IP address + port number in the browser. The IP address is the IP address of Synology. If the port number 8096 is not used, you can use the port number of the local port. Mine is 9500. Some browsers need to connect to the server after entering, but the connection to the server fails. You can enter through the incognito mode of the browser, and then enter the IP address + port number.
This is probably the basic gameplay of Synology. There are still many places to explore. If you have any questions, you can comment and discuss. Please do not reprint.