[Teach a fish to fish] What is MySQL? What are its characteristics?

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What is MySQL?

MySQL is an open source relational database management system (RDBMS) that uses SQL (Structured Query Language) as the query language. MySQL is widely used in web applications and enterprise-level applications, providing reliable, high-performance data storage and retrieval capabilities.

Features of MySQL:

1. Open source: MySQL is open source software, free to use, and has huge community support and an active developer community.

2. Reliability: MySQL is a stable and reliable database management system with good data integrity and durability.

3. High performance: MySQL has excellent performance and can handle a large number of concurrent requests and high-load data operations.

4. Scalability: MySQL supports horizontal and vertical expansion and can be expanded according to needs to accommodate growing data volume and user access.

5. Multi-platform support: MySQL can run on multiple operating systems, including Windows, Linux, Mac, etc.

6. Lightweight design: One of MySQL's design goals is to be simple, lightweight, and easy to install, configure, and use.

7. Security: MySQL provides a variety of security features, including access control, data encryption, and secure connections.

The principles of MySQL are explained in detail:

The principles of MySQL involve many aspects, including database architecture, query processing, storage engine and transaction processing.

1. Database architecture: MySQL's database architecture consists of multiple components, including connectors, query cache, query parser, query optimizer, execution plan generator, storage engine, log manager, etc.

2. Query processing: When a query request is received, MySQL's query processing process includes parsing the query statement, query optimization, execution plan generation and result return. The query parser parses the query statement into internal data structures, and the query optimizer selects the best query execution plan based on statistics and rules.

3. Storage engine: MySQL supports a variety of storage engines, including InnoDB, MyISAM, Memory, etc. The storage engine is responsible for actual data storage and retrieval. Each storage engine has different characteristics and applicable scenarios.

4. Transaction processing: MySQL supports transaction processing, which follows the ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability) properties. A transaction is a logical unit of a set of database operations that ensures data consistency and integrity.

MySQL's underlying architecture flow chart:

The underlying architecture of MySQL involves multiple components and modules. The following is a simplified underlying architecture flow chart of MySQL:

+-------------------------------+
|        Client Application        |
+-------------------------------+
                |
                |
                v
+-------------------------------+
|       MySQL Connector      |
+-------------------------------+
                |
                |
                v
+-------------------------------+
|      MySQL Server (mysqld)    |
|   (Connection, Query Parsing, |
|   Optimization, Execution)   |
+-------------------------------+
                |
                |
                v
+-------------------------------+
|     Storage Engines       |
| (InnoDB, MyISAM, Memory, etc.) |
+-------------------------------+

In the underlying architecture of MySQL, client applications establish connections with the MySQL server through the MySQL connector. The connector is responsible for handling connection requests and authentication. After receiving the query request, the MySQL server performs query parsing, query optimization and execution plan generation. The storage engine is responsible for the actual data storage and retrieval.

MySQL usage scenario explanation:

MySQL is suitable for a variety of scenarios, including but not limited to the following situations:

1. Web Applications: Due to its high performance and reliability, MySQL is widely used to support data storage and retrieval in web applications. It can handle a large number of concurrent requests and provide good response times.

2. Enterprise-level applications: MySQL is widely used in enterprise-level applications, including enterprise resource planning (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM), content management system (CMS), etc. MySQL's reliability and scalability make it ideal for processing enterprise-level data.

3. Data analysis and reporting: MySQL can store and manage large-scale data sets and provide powerful query and analysis capabilities. It can be integrated with data analysis tools (such as Tableau, Power BI) to generate reports and insight analysis.

4. Embedded systems: Since MySQL has a smaller memory and disk footprint, as well as a faster startup time, it is suitable for embedded systems such as mobile devices, Internet of Things devices, etc.

MySQL code example implementation:

The following is a simple MySQL code example that demonstrates how to create a table, insert data, and query data:

-- 创建表
CREATE TABLE users (
  id INT PRIMARY KEY,
  name VARCHAR(50),
  age INT
);

-- 插入数据
INSERT INTO users (id, name, age) VALUES (1, 'John', 25);
INSERT INTO users (id, name, age) VALUES (2, 'Jane', 30);
INSERT INTO users (id, name, age) VALUES (3, 'Mark', 40);

-- 查询数据
SELECT * FROM users;

The above example creates a table named "users" with three columns: id, name, and age. Then several rows of data were inserted and all the data was queried through the SELECT statement.

Please note that when actually using MySQL, you need to install the MySQL server first and use appropriate client tools (such as MySQL Shell, MySQL Workbench) to connect to the server for operation.

MySQL literature material link:

Here are some links to official documentation and other useful literature about MySQL:

1. MySQL official documentation: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/ ↗
2. MySQL tutorial: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-tutorial-excerpt/8.0/en/ ↗
3. MySQL Performance Tuning Guide: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/performance-schema.html ↗
4. MySQL storage engine documentation: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/storage-engines.html ↗
5. MySQL Community: https://community.mysql.com/ ↗

Some products currently using MySQL:

MySQL is a widely used database management system, and many products and organizations use MySQL in their applications. Here are some examples of some well-known products and organizations currently using MySQL:

1. WordPress: A popular open source content management system (CMS) that uses MySQL as its default database engine.

2. Facebook: Social media giant Facebook extensively uses MySQL as its key data storage engine in its back-end systems.

3. Twitter: Social media platform Twitter uses MySQL in its data storage and analysis system.

4. YouTube: Video sharing platform YouTube uses MySQL for its backend data storage and management.

5. Airbnb: The online accommodation booking platform Airbnb uses MySQL as its data storage and retrieval engine.

This is just a small sample of the products and organizations currently using MySQL. Due to MySQL's widespread applicability, many other products and organizations are also using MySQL as their preferred database management system.