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Mathematical operations are indispensable operations in programming.
Among them, addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are relatively simple, just like the writing in normal mathematics. It should be noted that in most programming languages, multiplication is *, not ×; division is /, not ÷. The same is true for Python.
Participating in the calculation can be a value, or a variable representing a number:
print(3 * 7)
a = 12
print(a / 3)output:
21
4.0The result of the division (/) operation in Python 3 is a decimal, even if the result is divisible. So a / 3 in the above example is 4.0 instead of 4.
If you just need to get the divisible result, you can use two forward slashes (//):
print(8 / 2)
print(8 // 2)
print(9 // 2)output:
4.0
4
4It can be seen that when it is not divisible, the result of the // operation will discard the remainder.
If you want to get this remainder, you can use the modulo operation, and the symbol is the percent sign (%):
print(9 % 2)
print(9 % 5)output:
1
4We've also seen % before in string formatting. For different types of data, it plays a different role: for two numbers, it is modulo, and for two strings, it is formatted.
Another very common mathematical operation is squaring, or exponentiation. In many programming languages, powers are represented by the ^ symbol. However, in Python, ^ represents the "bitwise XOR" bit operation (it doesn't matter if you don't understand this operation, you usually don't use it), and the symbol representing the power is two multiplication signs (* *):
a = 8
b = a ^ 2 # 8和2按二进制位进行与操作
print(b)
b = a ** 2 # 8的2次方
print(b)output:
10
64Python also supports an operation called "assignment operator", which is to add an assignment operator (=) after the mathematical operator, indicating that the calculated result is assigned to the variable on the left. For example, a += 1 is equivalent to a = a + 1, which is a simplified way of writing. Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, including multiplication, integer division, and modulus, can all be written in the form of assignment operators:
a = 7
a **= 2
print(a) # 7*7=49
a //= 2
print(a) # 49//2=24
a %= 2
print(a) # 24%2=0output:
49
24
0In some languages, a += 1 and a -= 1 can be further simplified into a++ and a--, but unfortunately Python does not support it.
Finally, given a piece of code, can you see what it does?
x1 = 1
y1 = 2
x2 = 3
y2 = 4
dist = ((x1 - x2) ** 2 + (y1 - y2) ** 2) ** 0.5
print(dist)What else do you want to know about math operations in Python? Welcome to discuss in the message area.
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