1. Basic server knowledge
In a broad sense, a server refers to a computer system that can provide certain services to other machines in a network.
In a narrow sense, a server is a high-performance computer on the network that provides various services for client computers. Under the control of the network operating system, the server provides the large-capacity hard disk connected to it, tapes, printers and various special communication equipment to the customer sites on the network for sharing. The server can also provide services such as centralized computing, information distribution, and data management for network users.
2. Server functions and classification
In information systems, servers are mainly used in databases and Web services, which determines that servers should have more reliable continuous operation capabilities, stronger storage capabilities and network communication capabilities, faster fault recovery functions, and wider expansion space . At the same time, the application of data security also requires the server to provide data backup function. According to the application level, servers can be divided into four categories: entry-level servers, workgroup-level servers, department-level servers, and enterprise-level servers.
(1) Entry-level server . This type of server is almost the same as a high-performance PC brand machine in terms of performance and price. It is the most basic and the lowest-end server. It mainly uses the Windows operating system and can provide resource sharing services for less than 20 PCs. , poor stability, scalability, fault tolerance and redundancy performance, can meet the needs of small office network users for file sharing, data processing, Internet access and simple database applications.
(2) Working group server . The working group server configuration is superior to the entry-level server, and can provide resource sharing services for a working group (about 50 PCs) users. Workgroup servers usually only support application servers with a single or dual CPU (32-bit) structure, using 32-bit CPUs and Windows server operating systems. It can meet the data processing, file sharing, Internet access and small-scale database applications of small and medium-sized networks. The performance of the working group server has been improved, and it has a certain degree of scalability, but the fault tolerance and redundancy performance is still not perfect, which cannot meet the application of data security, reliability and stability system.
(3) Department-level servers , the configuration of department-level servers is higher than that of workgroup servers. Generally, it supports dual-CPU (32-bit) symmetrical processor structure, configures higher data bus chipset, larger memory and larger disk capacity, and also integrates operation monitoring and management facilities. Understand the working status of the server. At the same time, the department-level server has excellent system scalability, which can meet the needs of users to upgrade the system online in time when the traffic and speed increase. Department-level servers use 32-bit or 64-bit Linux or Windows server operating systems. Department-level servers can provide resource sharing services for about 200 PC users, and are suitable for small and medium-sized enterprise networks that require high processing speed and system reliability.
(4) Enterprise-class server . The configuration of enterprise-level servers is higher than that of department-level servers. Generally support 4 (or 8) symmetric processor structures of 64-bit CPUs. Configure higher data bus chipset, with high memory bandwidth, large-capacity hot-swappable hard disk and hot-swappable power supply, super data processing ability and cluster performance, etc. Enterprise level 11 servers have high fault tolerance, excellent expansion performance, fault pre-alarm, online diagnosis and other functions. Usually, using 64-bit Linux or Windows server operating system, an enterprise-level server can provide resource sharing services for about 500 PCs. Suitable for large and medium-sized network systems with high-speed processing, high reliability and availability.
Servers are divided according to the chassis structure, which can be divided into desktop servers, rack servers and blade servers, and rack servers are 1U (1U=1.75 inches), 2U, 4U and other specifications. A group of 10 blade servers are installed in a 7U chassis. It is a high-availability and high-density server platform, suitable for high-density and high-performance computing environments.
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