Due to its advantages such as "decentralization", "distributed data storage", "traceability", "tamper-proof modification", "openness and transparency", blockchain technology can effectively solve the problem of data authenticity and security in the data field. By establishing a trusted data management environment, we can prevent and avoid all kinds of data management problems such as data falsification, tampering, and loss, and promote the efficient sharing and application of data. In the process of practice and exploration, the application scope of blockchain technology has been continuously expanded, especially in the field of public resource transactions, which has continuously empowered public resource transaction management services.
Facilitate transactional data sharing
At present, the data of different trading centers is not interoperable, and there are problems such as repeated entry of subject information in different trading centers, difficulty in verifying off-site performance provided by bidders during the bidding process, difficulty in checking for the same person to serve as a project manager repeatedly, and low cost of dishonesty for trading entities. Establishing a blockchain-based cross-regional subject library can well alleviate the above problems.
The distributed ledger feature based on the block chain can effectively guarantee the real-time or quasi-real-time sharing of data, and can reduce the repeated entry operation of the subject information; the use of block chain information can not be tampered with can guarantee the authenticity of the data circulation process on the chain, within the regional alliance The performance of bidders is directly taken from the data on the chain, making false performance impossible to hide. At the same time, the data sharing of bidding behavior through the blockchain provides a data basis for the development of the work of "joint punishment of untrustworthy enterprises".
Blockchain-based transaction witness
The "Guiding Opinions on Deepening the Integration and Sharing of Public Resource Trading Platforms" (Guo Ban Han [2019] No. 41) points out that services such as witnesses, venues, information, archives, and expert selection need to be optimized. However, at present, the witnessing of public resources transaction process is mainly based on manual on-site witnessing, which is limited in strength, takes up a lot of human resources, and has limited witnessing effect. Due to its centralization, the traditional digital witness system is easy to tamper with the data after the event, and the data is easily damaged or lost during the storage and migration process, and there are certain defects in terms of security and usability.
Using the characteristics of distributed, difficult to tamper, and traceable blockchain to solidify and store the data generated in each transaction link, and accurately record the time, content, and data source of data generation through time stamp technology, abstract algorithm, and electronic signature technology. According to the technical characteristics of the block chain, the data can be directly stored on the block chain for simple structured data. For large files such as unstructured format files, videos, and audio files, the summary information can be saved through the block chain. The original file Save through distributed file storage services. When there are disputes or problems in the transaction, the blockchain can provide a set of credible transaction process data to clarify the responsibilities of all parties involved in the transaction. Realize the goal of risk prevention and control in the whole process, traceability of the whole process, and improvement of all-round services.
Promoting the rationalization of rates for electronic letters of guarantee
At present, the electronic bid bond guarantee letter has been applied in the field of bidding to a certain extent, and it has solved the problem of capital occupation of the bid bond for bidding enterprises. However, at present, various financial institutions do not have reliable historical bidding behavior data of bidders, and cannot judge the default risk of different bidders. As a result, fixed rates are adopted for the guarantee services charged by bidders, and a small number of bidders with high default risk The guarantee cost is allocated to most bidders with low default risk, which increases the guarantee fee rate of most bidders to a certain extent.
At present, it is up to the bidder to choose whether to use the electronic letter of guarantee, and the rate is the main basis for the bidder to choose. If the performance records of the bidders are shared through the blockchain, the performance risks of different bidders are analyzed, and different guarantee fees are provided for different bidders. It can not only reduce the risk of financial institutions, but also reduce the use cost of most bidders and promote the use of bid guarantees. To a certain extent, it can also promote bidders to keep promises and maintain order in the bidding market.
Facilitate bidding corporate financial services
The bidding behavior of bidders is scattered in various trading centers. Simply converging data into a centralized information system has the risk of data tampering (untrustworthy). Valuable bidder transaction behavior data cannot be gathered and shared safely and reliably. Multiple trading center bidders are brought together through blockchain technology, and historical bidding, bid winning, breach of contract, violations and other behavior records provide data support for financial institutions' credit evaluation of bidders in the bidding sub-sector.
Solve the financing problems of winning bidders
Traditional corporate loans are mainly based on the assessment of corporate solvency: there are requirements for collateral, audited statements, and continuous profitability. However, most small and medium-sized enterprises cannot provide these "proofs" at all, and financing is difficult and expensive. Bidding activities problems faced by many SMEs. The old methods are no longer feasible, and the only way to solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises is to rely on new technologies and new tools. With the help of the non-tamperable feature of the blockchain, the first-hand business data of multiple trading centers are gathered, combined with big data analysis technology to build a credible bidder portrait. On the one hand, it improves the risk control level of financial institutions and taps high-quality bidding companies; on the other hand, it lowers the loan threshold for bidding companies and optimizes service experience.
Drawing on the supply chain financial model, the tenderer is a core enterprise with good credit from government departments, national enterprises and institutions, and the winning contract obtained by the winning bidder as a supplier is considered by financial institutions as a high-quality asset to apply for loans from financial institutions. In the traditional paper mode, there is a risk of order contract fraud and the process is cumbersome, and the centralized information system requires the operator to have strong authority. The distributed ledger and difficult-to-tamper characteristics of the blockchain will help solve the above problems. The signing of the contract between the tenderer and the bidder and the subsequent financial service links are all realized on the blockchain, which not only solves the problem of data credibility but also reduces It eliminates the dependence of the entire system on the centralized authority.
Through further analysis, we found that domestic enterprises are currently selling on credit, and the upstream suppliers of the winning bidder have a large funding gap. The credit of the tenderer can only be passed on to the winning bidder (the winning contract cannot be split or transferred), and upstream suppliers cannot obtain high-quality loans from financial institutions. . If the winning contract is converted into a "token" on the chain, the "token" can be split, and the winning bidder who holds the "token" can pay part or all of the voucher to the upstream supplier, which can be discounted and financed. The "token" on the chain can be split and transferred from the first-level suppliers to the second-level (and multi-level) suppliers, so that the credit of the core enterprise can be passed to the multi-level suppliers. The shortage of suppliers’ funds caused by credit sales has been solved and the business environment has been improved; the value transfer through the blockchain has greatly shortened the financing cycle; the reduction of supplier loan costs will help reduce the production costs of raw materials or intermediate products, and ultimately Increase the profit margin of the bidder and indirectly reduce the cost of the tenderer.
This article comes from Xindian Smart Trading