Download the old version of MacOS system
1. Download the old version of MacOS system you need from Apple . Here, the author downloaded version 10.12.06.3 of macOS.
The downloaded software (the file suffix is .dmg)
2. There are two cases for the downloaded file:
Case 1: If the file extension is .dmg, you need to double-click the downloaded file to find the .pkg file, and then follow the instructions on the screen. This will install macOS Installer into the Applications folder.
Double-click the downloaded Install macOS.dmg to appear as shown in the figure:
Double-click the IntallOS.pkg file to install it.
Until you see the installed MacOS system in Finder->Applications, it means the installation is successful and you can proceed to the next step. As shown in the picture:
Situation 2: If the installation pops up automatically after downloading, it means that it is already in the application in the Finder, then click Close, and installation is not required, otherwise the installation will be repeated.
Make a bootable U disk
There are two ways:
Method 1:
1. Prepare a U disk of at least 16G, and back up the data in the U disk, because the next step of disk erasing will clear all the data in the U disk.
2. Click Finder->Applications->Utilities->Disk Utility, select your own external disk->Select Erase, you can change the name to something easy to remember, which will be used below (I call it "USB" here ), select "Mac OS Extended (Journaled)" as the format, and select "GUD Partition Map" as the scheme, as shown in the figure:
after all are selected, they can be erased directly.
3. Write the system to the U disk
According to the specific macOS you downloaded, enter the following command in the "Terminal" according to the above instructions.
Open Finder->Applications->Utilities->Terminal
Enter the command in the terminal:
Sierra
sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/USB --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Sierra.app --nointeraction
Note: something likeInstall\ macOS\ Sierra.appThe location path of the MacOS system has spaces, and a backslash ( \ ) must be added before the spaces.
Among them: USB is the name of my U disk, which can be replaced with your own U disk name,/Volumes/USBIt is the U disk path. macOS\ Sierra.app is my system name, you can also change it to your own system name. Attachment: Terminal command Ventura
for other systems
sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Ventura.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume
Monterey
sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Monterey.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume
Big Sur
sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Big\ Sur.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume
Catalina
sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Catalina.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume
Mojave
sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Mojave.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume
High Sierra
sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume
Captain
sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app
Press the Enter key, enter the password of the machine and press the Enter key, the following execution line appears, indicating that the system has been successfully created with the U disk:
If the following problems occur:
/Volumes/USB is not a valid volume mount point.
Then enter the following command line in the terminal and press Enter:
sudo plutil -replace CFBundleShortVersionString -string "12.6.03" /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Sierra.app/Contents/Info.plist
After executing the above code, re-enter the following terminal command to execute:
sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/USB --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Sierra.app --nointeraction
Method 2:
1. Display package content
Find the newly downloaded and installed "Install macOS" in the application, and then right-click "Show package content" to
find Packages according to the path contents -> SharedSupport -> installESD.dmg -> Packages, as shown below Same.
2. Display hidden files
Select OS X Install ESD, press "shift + command + ." to display hidden files, the result is as shown in Figure
3. Select BaseSystem.dmg in the U disk, insert
the formatted U disk, and open the disk tool, select the inserted U disk, click Restore -> Image -> press "shift + command + ." -> BaseSystem.dmg -> Select, as shown in the figure: If you encounter problems and cannot choose to restore, please check whether the format of the
U disk is Correct, whether the boot disk has been installed in the U disk.
Use the command diskUtil list to view the status of the mounted U disk
Use the command sudo diskutil eraseDisk exfat aa /dev/disk3 to format the U disk
(sudo diskutil eraseDisk what format you want to format the U disk new name U disk mount location)
and then follow the above steps to restore That's it.
Quietly wait for the recovery to complete~~~~~~
4. Copy the content to the U disk
Click OS X Install ESD and OS X Base System, copy the Packages file in OS X Install ESD to System -> Installation -> Packages in OS X Base System, and replace the Packages file.
Then copy the 4 files in step 2 to the root directory of OS X Base System.
The resulting graph is as follows:
reinstall macOS
After completing the above two steps, you can start the installation
1. Insert the prepared U disk, restart the Mac, press and hold the option key after hearing the startup sound, release it after seeing the disk selection interface, select the U disk to start, and press Enter to confirm 2. If it is a new clean
installation , to erase the disk. Select Disk Utility in Utilities, go in and erase everything except the bootable U disk.
3. Modify the system time
indisconnectedIn the case of entering the terminal to modify the system time,
this step is not necessary, but doing this step in advance can avoid subsequent installation errors.
In order to prevent the installation of the old system, Apple has set the certificate expiration time for some old versions of macOS systems, such as 10.14, 10.13, 10.12, etc. If it is not modified to the previous time, the installation will go wrong. In order to install these old versions of the system normally, you can directly enter the command to modify the time in the "Terminal" tool on the installation interface, and temporarily change the time to continue the installation.
Attachment: The system modification time of other systems
date 0201010116 (applicable to OS X El Capitan 10.11.6)
date 010514102017.30 (applicable to macOS Sierra 10.12) date 062614102014.30
(applicable to 10.13 and 10.14)
date 121212122019 ( 10.15) date
032208102015.20
date 112202022015
date 122014102015.30 (10.10 available )
4. Select which disk to install the system into.
5. Afterwards, just follow the system prompts to install. Generally, there will be no mistakes. There is one thing I want to remind everyone. If the "Agree" button is not displayed when you click to agree to the installation instructions later, just go back and skip the ID login and then move forward.