AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) is an open software architecture standard for the development and management of automotive electronic systems. The standard aims to achieve interoperability and reusability of automotive electronic systems through unified hardware and software interfaces, and to promote cooperation and communication between different automakers and component suppliers. This article will introduce the origin, structure and application of the AUTOSAR standard, and discuss its impact and prospects for the automotive industry.
1. Origin of AUTOSAR standard
With the continuous development of automotive electronic systems, more and more car manufacturers and component suppliers have begun to realize that a common software architecture standard is needed to regulate the development and management of automotive electronic systems. In this context, the AUTOSAR standard came into being.
The origins of the AUTOSAR standard can be traced back to 2003, when German automakers BMW, DaimlerChrysler and Ford Motor Company jointly launched a research project called "ARTIST". The goal of this project is to develop a common automotive electronic system architecture to improve interoperability and cooperation between different manufacturers.
On the basis of the ARTIST project, the European Union has launched a large-scale research program called "ARTEMIS", which aims to promote the innovation and development of European automotive electronic systems. The AUTOSAR standard became an important part of the ARTEMIS program and was officially released in 2005.
2. Structure of AUTOSAR standard
The structure of the AUTOSAR standard includes the following three levels:
1. Application layer
The application layer is the highest level in the AUTOSAR standard, which defines various applications and functions of automotive electronic systems, such as engine control, brake control, body electronic systems, and driver assistance systems. The application layer enables different applications to connect and communicate with each other by providing a standard API (Application Programming Interface) interface.
2. Basic software layer
The basic software layer is the middle layer of the AUTOSAR standard, which provides some common software modules for handling the underlying operations related to hardware and network. The basic software layer includes the following modules:
(1) ECU (Electronic Control Unit) Abstraction: used to abstract different ECU hardware platforms.
(2) Communication Stack: used to implement different communication protocols, such as CAN (Controller Area Network), FlexRay and Ethernet.
(3) Memory Stack: used to manage different types of memory, such as EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) and Flash.
(4) Diagnostic Stack: used to implement diagnostic functions, such as fault code diagnosis and parameter configuration.
(5) Operating System: Used to manage multitasking operating systems and memory management.
3. Infrastructure layer
The infrastructure layer is the bottom layer of the AUTOSAR standard, which provides some basic tools and functions, such as XML parser, configuration manager and general driver, etc.
The AUTOSAR standard also defines some meta-models and meta-model elements for describing the relationships and dependencies between different components and modules of an automotive electronic system. Metamodels and metamodel elements are key concepts in the AUTOSAR standard for interoperability and reusability between different automotive electronic systems.
3. Application of AUTOSAR standard
The AUTOSAR standard has been widely used, especially in the development and management of automotive electronic systems. The AUTOSAR standard can help automakers and component suppliers realize the following advantages:
1. Improve development efficiency
The AUTOSAR standard provides some common software modules and tools, which can reduce repetitive development work and improve development efficiency. At the same time, the AUTOSAR standard also provides some standard interfaces and specifications, which can help different automotive electronic systems to quickly integrate and test.
2. Improve software quality
The AUTOSAR standard requires that each software module must undergo rigorous testing and verification to ensure its quality and reliability. This helps reduce software failures and defects, and improves the stability and safety of automotive electronic systems.
3. Improve system reusability
The AUTOSAR standard requires that each software module must have good reusability and compatibility, so as to facilitate sharing and reuse among different automotive electronic systems. This reduces repetitive development work and reduces system cost and complexity.
4. Improve supply chain synergy
The AUTOSAR standard can promote cooperation and communication between different automakers and component suppliers to achieve collaborative development of the supply chain. The AUTOSAR standard provides a unified language and specification for the development and management of automotive electronic systems, enabling more efficient cooperation and communication between different automakers and component suppliers.
4. Prospect of AUTOSAR standard
With the continuous development and popularization of automotive electronic systems, the application prospects of AUTOSAR standards are becoming more and more broad. In the future, the AUTOSAR standard will face development in the following aspects:
1. Richer functions and application scenarios
With the continuous development and popularization of automotive electronic systems, the AUTOSAR standard will need to support more functions and application scenarios, such as intelligent driving, Internet of Vehicles and intelligent transportation. The AUTOSAR standard will need to be continuously updated and expanded to adapt to changing market demands and technological developments.
2. More efficient development and management tools
AUTOSAR standards will require more efficient development and management tools to improve development efficiency and quality. In the future, the AUTOSAR standard will need to support more advanced development and management tools, such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence and big data analysis.
3. Closer supply chain cooperation and collaboration
AUTOSAR standards will require closer supply chain cooperation and collaboration to achieve efficient development and management of automotive electronic systems. In the future, the AUTOSAR standard will need to support more efficient supply chain cooperation and collaboration mechanisms, such as blockchain technology and smart contracts.
4. Wider application and popularization
The AUTOSAR standard will face wider application and popularization, not limited to the field of automotive electronic systems. In the future, the AUTOSAR standard will need to adapt to the needs of different industries and fields, such as industrial automation, medical health and smart home.
V. Conclusion
The AUTOSAR standard is an important automotive electronic system standard. It provides a set of common software architecture and specifications, which can help automakers and component suppliers improve development efficiency, software quality, system reusability and supply chain collaboration . In the future, AUTOSAR standards will face wider application and popularization, and need to be continuously updated and expanded to adapt to changing market demands and technological developments.