In Java, there are several main garbage collectors. Here are some of these common garbage collectors along with their advantages and disadvantages:
1.Serial collector
·Advantages: simple and efficient, suitable for single-threaded environments, and has better performance for small applications and client applications.
Disadvantages: Only a single thread can be used for garbage collection, and the advantages of multi-core processors cannot be fully utilized.
2. Parallel collector
Advantages: Using multiple threads for garbage collection can make full use of multi-core processors and speed up garbage collection.
Disadvantages: During garbage collection, the pause time of the application will become longer, which is not suitable for applications that are sensitive to response time.
3. CMS (Concurrent Mark Sweep) collector
Advantages: Concurrent garbage collection reduces pause time and is suitable for applications that require high response time.
Disadvantages: More fragments will be generated, which may lead to discontinuity of memory space and affect the performance of allocating large objects.
4. G1 (Garbage-First) collector
Advantages: concurrent and parallel garbage collection, with predictable pause time, suitable for applications with large memory and applications with high requirements on response time.
Disadvantages: Slightly lower throughput compared to CMS; possibly poorer performance when dealing with large numbers of short-lived objects.
In addition to the above-mentioned common garbage collectors, there are other special-purpose garbage collectors, such as ZGC (Z Garbage Collector) and Shenandoah collectors, which are all dedicated to reducing pause times and providing high throughput.
It should be noted that the performance and application scenarios of these garbage collectors may vary with different Java versions. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the garbage collector documentation and best practices in a particular Java version.