After experiencing the best year, the new energy vehicle market ushered in a brand new 2022.
Throughout 2021, almost all new energy vehicle manufacturers have achieved double growth. The data shows that Tesla will deliver 936,000 vehicles in 2021, BYD will deliver 603,800 vehicles, and "Wei Xiaoli", a new car maker, will also deliver more than 90,000 vehicles respectively.
Behind the sales growth is the accelerated penetration of new energy vehicles in the Chinese market. According to data from the China Passenger Car Market Information Association (CPCA), sales of new energy vehicles more than doubled in November and December, and annual deliveries increased by 169% to a record 2.99 million units, accounting for 100% of the total. 14.8% of annual new sales.
When electric vehicles are about to set off a revolution in the automotive industry, some new formats have also been "incidentally" incubated.
A few days ago, Lianyu Technology, a car-network interactive energy system service provider, announced that it completed a 100 billion-level angel round of financing in May 2021. This round of financing was exclusively invested by Zhen Fund.
Perhaps for most new energy car owners, "car-network interaction" is still a term that has never been seen before. However, under the background of the rise of new energy vehicles, "car network interaction" may be able to give birth to a new track.
New outlets hatched by new energy vehicles
It may be difficult to imagine that an electric car parked in a parking lot during commuting can bring you additional income.
Something like this has actually come into our way. Previously, People's News reported that in Beilun District of Ningbo City, the first V2G charging station in China where the distribution network station goes to intelligent fusion terminals to participate in intelligent two-way interaction is located here.
The full name of V2G is "Vehicle-to-grid", which means vehicle to grid, also known as "vehicle-to-grid interaction". The background of the birth of V2G is the environment of accelerated growth in the number of new energy vehicles. With the continuous growth of the number of new energy vehicles, the normal operation of the public power grid has brought greater pressure. In order to solve related problems, V2G came into being.
V2G technology brings a new charging experience to new energy vehicle owners: the electric vehicle itself becomes a mobile distributed energy storage device connected to the grid. When the electric vehicle is not running, the energy of the battery can be transferred to the grid; When charging is required, connect to the grid for charging.
Under the idea of vehicle-network interaction, electric vehicles will serve as "mobile energy storage units" and play a role in adjusting power loads and improving power quality. For car owners, charging is equivalent to "buying electricity", and transmitting electricity to the grid is equivalent to "selling electricity". According to the different peak and valley periods of electricity consumption in various places, charging during the low-peak electricity consumption and supplying power during the peak hours can bring additional benefits.
At present, the car-network interaction technology has been initially implemented in China. According to public information, State Grid Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd. has built V2G projects and interactive terminals in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and other provinces and cities. Its vehicles are equipped with vehicle-network interactive functions.
Feasible options under the "dual carbon" goal
From the perspective of application scenarios, V2G technology has a wide range of applications.
The report "Research on the Development Trend and Policy System of Vehicle-Network Interaction" issued by NRDC and the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission believes that vehicle-network interaction has strong economic potential and can meet the daily peak-shaving demand of massive fluctuating renewable energy power generation in the future .
With the rapid increase in the number of electric vehicles and the advancement of battery technology, vehicle-network interaction is expected to become one of the core structures of the future power system.
China is the world's largest electric vehicle market. According to the statistics released by the Ministry of Public Security, by the end of 2021, the number of new energy vehicles in China will reach 7.84 million, of which 6.4 million are pure electric vehicles, accounting for 99% of the total number of new energy vehicles. 81.63%, if calculated according to the battery capacity of 60kWh, the battery reserves of 6.4 million electric vehicles will reach about 400 million kWh. Calculated based on the transmission of 50% of the electricity per vehicle, 200 million kWh of electricity can be transmitted every day, which is 73 billion kWh a year, almost catching up with the total power generation of the Three Gorges Dam in 2021.
At the same time, compared with fixed energy storage, vehicle-network interaction is more flexible and changeable, and the cost is far lower than that of fixed energy storage. Previously, Polaris Energy Storage Network reported that in July 2021, the Xiajin Phase III 49.8MW wind power energy storage project created a new low price of 1.321 yuan/Wh. In contrast, car-network interaction can utilize existing resources, and only needs to carry out intelligent transformation of ordinary charging piles to realize grid-connected and orderly charging and discharging.
In addition, the policy side is also playing a catalytic role. As early as 2018, the National Development and Reform Commission issued a notice to encourage electric vehicles to provide energy storage services and obtain benefits through the difference in peak and valley electricity prices. The "Plan" issued in November 2020 also clarifies the development perspective of vehicle-network interaction from a macro level, and will speed up the construction of standard systems such as V2G interface and vehicle-network interaction, and encourage places where conditions permit to explore and carry out V2G application demonstrations.
At present, the car-network interaction market is still in its infancy, and it needs to rely on policy support to accelerate the mobilization of market enthusiasm, so that it is expected to form a replicable and long-term market system. Entering the critical period of the "dual carbon" goal, the vehicle-network interaction will further strengthen the usage scenarios of clean energy. In addition to taking advantage of the distributed energy storage of new energy vehicles, it will also reduce the loss of power grid power supply and indirectly reduce carbon emissions.
The problem of popularization of technology still needs to be solved urgently
The car-network interaction is still in the early stage of development. Although some commercial scenarios have been implemented, it is still far away from full use.
The current primary problem is that there are still technical problems in the car-network interaction. For a long time, the low value retention rate of electric vehicles has been the main reason why some consumers are reluctant to buy them. The reason is that the existing power battery technology has the problem of capacity decay caused by repeated charging.
The vehicle-network interaction needs to be connected to the grid for more frequent charging and discharging, so there is a risk of affecting the original mileage performance of electric vehicles. At the same time, for new energy vehicle manufacturers or power battery manufacturers, it will also bring battery quality assurance. challenge.
At the same time, technologies related to car-network interaction are still in the early stages of development, and no unification has been reached in terms of technical standards and industry norms. There is no unified standard scheme in the system architecture standard system such as charging interface and communication protocol. "Research on the Development Trend and Policy System of Vehicle-Network Interaction" believes that my country needs to accelerate the introduction of vehicle-pile-network interaction technology and communication standards in terms of facility standards, and accelerate the top-level design of energy and transportation collaborative transformation.
In view of the fact that the domestic V2G industry is still in its infancy, the industry ecology has not yet been perfected, and it needs to be solved urgently in terms of implementation and popularization.
On the one hand, the battery attenuation caused by frequent charging and discharging will suppress the willingness of users to participate, and there is a lack of incentive mechanisms. This requires government agencies and enterprises to jointly explore how to explore relevant incentive mechanisms to increase the willingness of electric vehicle owners to participate in vehicle-network interaction; on the other hand, The current car-network interaction market has not formed an overall interest balance between the power grid, car companies, and users. Whether it is the battery loss that may be caused by users or the damage to the interests of car companies, this will have a negative impact on the implementation of car-network interaction. Certain obstacles.
at last
In overseas markets, Nissan launched the LEAF electric vehicle and the "Leaf-ti-Home" V2G two-way charging system. In 2019, Nissan successfully obtained the first electric vehicle approved by the regulatory authority as an energy guarantee for the German grid. Fiat Chrysler, Volkswagen, BMW and other major international automakers are also actively exploring market opportunities related to electric vehicle energy storage.
Judging from the current development situation, it is difficult to achieve large-scale promotion of vehicle-network interaction technology in the short term. Especially when the battery loss is not directly proportional to the charge and discharge income, it will be difficult to mobilize the enthusiasm of car owners to participate in the car network interaction. At the same time, on the other hand, if it is a battery replacement model similar to Weilai Automobile, the cost of battery loss will be borne by battery replacement companies or car companies, further suppressing the enthusiasm of the automotive industry.
However, from a long-term perspective, vehicle-network interaction plays a vital role in improving resource utilization and reducing losses, and will become an important driving force for increasing the utilization rate of renewable energy. How to use electric vehicles to play a positive role in the operation of the power grid still needs the mutual coordination and further exploration of relevant departments and relevant enterprises in the industry.
Source of this article: New Industry Insights