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作者：Zign
https://www.zhihu.com/question/20542113/answer/1115189405
I'm going to ask a different building, let's not talk about latex first, after all, latex is still unfamiliar to many people.
Let's talk about the advantages of html over word first. If we discuss and find that html has no advantages, we can also imagine when word can kill html.
What? You said html and word can not be compared? Why can't it be compared? HTML is a kind of hypertext (HyperText), and word is also a kind of hypertext. HTML is a markup language, and word is also a markup language. If you don’t believe me, open the docx of word as a zip file and see what’s inside?
docx is actually a zip package of a bunch of xml files
And Word can not only do web pages, but also packaging.
It's too far, but according to the opinion of many people in this answer, more than 90% of what html can do can be done in word (xml can be regarded as a superset of html to some extent, and xml can be done by html. ), then why don't you use word to make web pages?
Is it because of javascript? Word has vba script. In the early years, you could still use <vbscript> in html, which is something that was used to target JavaScript.
Because there is a specialization in the art industry, word is not suitable for writing articles and is not suitable for web pages? Okay, I wonder how many of you here still remember that word has a brother called frontpage? Like word, frontpage is also visible and available, and it is specially used for web pages. But it's already cool. Of course, frontpage has a successor called Sharepoint Designer, haven't you heard of it? I haven't heard of it, because it's almost cold.
Why is the word that can be seen and available to do most things, everyone still use the developer mode of vscode + chrome to hand html code? Because some things can be seen and can be done, but the actual operation cost is too high.
There are many others, I'll just give one example here: CSS.
CSS can effectively achieve text and style separation. This is very friendly for writing large-scale websites, especially multi-page multi-person collaboration. No matter who wrote it, no matter how many pages, putting the same CSS on it will end up with a uniform style. Even program/script generated content (dynamic content) is fine.
And after adjusting the CSS in the future, the entire website has been adjusted, which is very flexible and convenient.
Word can also achieve text and style separation like CSS, but try simple cross-document adjustment? To put it simply, it can be done, but you will understand that it is very expensive to use word to do this.
Having said so much, I think you should have a good idea.
One of the great advantages of latex is that it can achieve low-cost separation of text and styles, and you have to admit that the upper limit of latex styles is very, very high. This type of style is generally inherited from the research laboratory, and many times you don't need to move it at all.
Now you can focus on the content. Yes, I know that word can also do it, but the cost of doing it in word is high. Just like Excel can do most of the things you grep/awk/sed to solve, but it's expensive to operate.
As for the shortcomings of latex, it is not easy to write and so on. In fact, this is not a problem for the target users. You are not too tired to write html by hand. Why is latex troublesome?
Author: Qi Qi
https://www.zhihu.com/question/20542113/answer/39048702
Wash the floor for Word first, and then talk about the places that are not satisfied.
After using LaTeX, I look back at Word and find that I really can't use Word before. In fact, some of the features in LaTeX can have corresponding functions in Word, such as automatic numbering, heading paragraph styles, cross-references, references, and so on. Just didn't know it before.
Whether it is the formula editor that comes with Word or MathType, the formulas are very ugly. There is no doubt that a plug-in Aurora is recommended, and the effect is the same as that of LaTeX.
However, LaTeX still has some practical functions that Word does not have:
1. Annotation function, you can write your own writing ideas on it, and Word's comments are barely enough.
2.\newcommand, if there is a word that you can’t think of when you start writing the paper, simply define a command, use this command instead of the word when writing, and change the command when you want to change it. At that time, I only thought of it after being tortured to death by Party A.
3. Interline formulas can only be broken by the built-in editor, and the effect is not as good as MathType.
4. Insert code, Word is more anxious, any keywords, comments, string colors, etc. have to be manually adjusted, popular languages are ok, there may be tools or something, unpopular ones such as Siemens' STL language, except for the listings macro package , I really don't know what to do? VBA is estimated to be able to fight.
5. For the generation of repetitive reports, sometimes a lot of raw data needs to be processed, calculation, typesetting, and doing it several times a day will drive you crazy. For this kind of problem, I usually write a script in VB, Python, any language, process the data and then automatically generate LaTeX code, call the compiler to output PDF directly. Going a step further, generate an email directly to the boss.
6. Different versions of Word may open the same document beyond recognition. The same is true for PPT. The beautiful PPT is completely changed when it is played at the venue. When I don't have complex animations, I usually convert to PDF.
7. Sometimes it crashes, and you don't save it. The very early version that is automatically saved will be dumbfounded. The LaTeX editor is a plain text editor, and I have never seen it crash anyway.
8.Word is too expensive to use.
Of course, LaTeX also has flaws
. 1. As far as I know, I have to change everything myself, and the collaboration is almost impossible. It is difficult to complete a document with several people.
2. The boss doesn't like to revise in PDF, this is not something I can decide. There is no particularly good tool for converting PDF to WORD.
3. Tables are really not intuitive and prone to errors. Novices can try this website, Create LaTeX tables online
4. Drawing, if you want to ensure the consistency of a document style, you have to use PGF, pstricks or something to draw pictures, this stuff It's really strong, the document is more than 1,000 pages, but the amount of code is a bit large.
Author: Mu Chen
https://www.zhihu.com/question/20542113/answer/1031693301
A social science novice, from the beginning of tenaciously refusing to be LaTeX by her boyfriend Amway, to the process of using LaTeX suddenly for his doctoral thesis .
At first, I refused to use Latex very much. However, my boyfriend is an IT man. I have always used Latex to write papers and documents, and I also like to write things with tools that support markdown syntax such as MWeb.
But as a young scholar in the field of social sciences (actually just a fresh Ph.D. graduate, haha), I am used to editing documents in Word for many years. The undergraduate dissertation and master dissertation are all written in Word, including the seven or eight previously published articles that are submitted and published in Word. I think I use the editing function of Word very well and very convenient.
However, in the process of writing my doctoral dissertation, I was persuaded by the male vote to use Latex to write it. So, what are the problems with Latex compared to Word? How should a latex beginner Xiaobai understand this conversion process?
I was really very, very resistant at first, because I had already written two chapters of my doctoral dissertation in Word, and I had to relearn so many complicated formats and principles (I found out later that it was also because I was very intimidated, and most of the latex formats were also drawn according to the gourd). It's as simple as a scoop), and I don't want to learn at all when my doctorate graduation is imminent.
So because the two people wrote in Latex or Word and had some intense discussions, the scene needed to be eased. The male ticket is actually very patient. He will show up (dedicate himself) with simple examples, and he will teach me the whole process. I just need to start trying to use latex. At the time, I was so conflicted that it made us both blushing. So the male votes stopped discussing and arguing, and said that they should use word. I sat beside me innocently at a loss. Of course, I also knew that he couldn't do anything because of my resistance and fear. After all, he loved me very much.
I think the reasons for not using Latex are:
1. I have written two chapters. If I change to Latex at this time, I need to rearrange and import the content into Latex.
2. Many tables in my thesis already have ready-made data and templates, which need to be re-edited with Latex, and the format is difficult to adjust.
3. The layout of Word is very intuitive, what you see is what you get, it is very convenient for me to modify it, and the overall layout is very familiar.
4. References Word+Zotero/Noteexpress is very convenient, you can directly add references and lists. With LaTex I would have to manually cite hundreds of references and rename them.
5. My thesis needs to be reviewed and revised by my supervisor. The PDF teacher output by Latex cannot use the review format like that in Word, and it is impossible for my supervisor to modify it directly on the basis of Latex (o(╥﹏╥) o After all, the teacher has never used LaTex).
6. For me, LaTex is full of unknowns, and aside from the problems that come to mind above, I don't know what unpredictable problems I'll have to solve while writing.
And my boyfriend thinks the benefits of Latex are:
1. Although the format of the doctoral dissertation is very troublesome, our school already has a mature Latex template . Just fill in the content and the article will be automatically generated, saving the time and trouble of later typesetting.
2. If you use Word for editing, you will constantly want to adjust the format of the paper instead of focusing on the writing of the content, but it will delay a lot of fragmented time. And for the strict format requirements of doctoral dissertations, many Word tools need to inquire online how to use them, which also takes a certain amount of time.
3.Latex can be well matched with Tables Generator (attached URL: http://www.tablesgenerator.com/latex_tables). A normal and simple form can be converted very simply, and it can be directly converted and generated without writing code yourself.
4. For Ph.D.s, some chapters of the big thesis will be published in the future. The advantage of using Latex is that it can be directly modified into the Latex template of the target journal without spending too much typesetting effort .
5. For me, who has been engaged in scientific research for a long time in the future, as long as there are bib format files in the reference library, any article in any journal in the future only needs to cite relevant literature, and the final reference format will be directly output according to the journal's Latex template, without manual modification. , very convenient.
6. The content can be annotated during the writing process of Latex, and it will not be displayed in the final pdf. Therefore, some additional information can be added in writing, such as some temporary ideas, documents that I don’t know where to put it, TODO list, templates that need to be reused, explanatory notes, etc. (this really solves a lot of word problems question).
7. Teachers can also use PDF to revise articles, and it is difficult for teachers of large papers to revise sentence by sentence. Also, modern web versions of online Latex editing services such as http://overleaf.com/. Supports simple WYSIWYG functionality. It is convenient for people who do not understand Latex grammar to collaborate, such as teachers.
8. Latex documents can be edited with any text editor such as notepad, notepad, etc. There is no such thing as adding content or modifying your own documents in time because the word version is out of date or incompatible, or if you change the computer. This is a benefit of all text-based editing languages, such as Markdown.
9. The male ticket is better used by himself. If I have any questions, I can ask him on the spot to help me solve it quickly.
10. The longer you use Latex, the more experience you will accumulate, which will lay a solid foundation for future work (although I think the same is true for Word, haha).
In the end, I still used LaTex for writing. And I regret very much why my master's thesis was not written in this way . It was a little difficult for me at first, but I got used to it slowly in the end. And I am very happy after learning the new statement and compiling the pdf successfully!
In addition, I personally think that most of the work of scientific researchers is carried out collaboratively. If your collaborators do not use Latex, it will be more troublesome, especially during the proofreading period, which requires rounds of revision and review. If everyone can use Latex, it will be more pleasant, as long as you transfer tex files to each other, it will be ok.
I believe that many people will be so troubled, and have been obsessed with Word. My personal experience is also a suggestion for you. After all, I'm a beginner using Latex from scratch . haha~
My boyfriend added: Regardless of the learning curve, simply saying "whatever you are familiar with" is a hooligan~ Roughly speaking, LaTeX is slightly steep in the early stage and stable in the later stage. The word is reversed, and the late steep point is much higher than LaTeX. See the two diagrams in the Typeset community.
The relationship between LaTeX customization ability and energy consumption
Document complexity and size versus effort
Author: Group Shiye
https://www.zhihu.com/question/20542113/answer/32564157
For ordinary users, LaTeX is stronger than word in:
You can save the intermediate information of the writing process : comment out the paragraphs you plan to delete when modifying, and uncomment when you regret it. This is difficult to achieve in Word; you can also use comments to write down related information, such as rough inspiration, etc., In order to further develop ideas, it is possible to use "comment" in Word, but when it is officially released, it needs to be deleted one by one, trouble!
Entering mathematical formulas without leaving the keyboard : who knows this, especially when a large number of variables and function descriptions are mixed in the paragraphs of the thesis, using the Equation object of word will make people vomit blood and die. After word 2007, some Latex grammars are also supported. It's a little bit better, but it's still far from the smooth flow in LaTeX
It can’t be more convenient to switch templates : it’s good for a paper to be successful as soon as it is voted. If it is rejected and transferred to the next home, and it happens that the journal has requirements for the manuscript format, in LaTeX, you may only need to change the elsivier in the first line to springer, and change to Word If so, change single column to double column, times to arial,... Newton bless! !
Of course, there is also free .
Someone mentioned that word has grammar check, and LaTeX also has editor support, not only grammar, but also expression improvement:
TeXpen : http://sf.net/p/texpen
Author: Yu Hanqiao
https://www.zhihu.com/question/20542113/answer/1101160669
The fundamental advantage is that LaTeX's format is transparent .
I can easily break a Word template completely, but I can't break a LaTeX template.
I'll always know what formatting information I've entered, and I'll always know the difference between two formulas that don't look the same.
Word, when written normally, is OK, and its efficiency is even higher than that of LaTeX, but once it enters some complex editing links, it is easy to break the format, and you don't know where the format is broken.
Specifically, all information in LaTeX is local except for the introduction area. If you mess up the format anywhere, you just need to undo those operations.
In Word, doing some operations in MathType will cause all the formulas in the entire article to be messed up.
What's more, LaTeX only needs to enter text, so the editor is basically stateless, and the editor settings only affect the way you write.
The Word editor is stateful. Where you modify it may affect the default settings of Word, and this operation is not undoable like the operation of text.
Author: Anonymous user
https://www.zhihu.com/question/20542113/answer/15428429
As far as usage is concerned, Word is what it sees, and users focus on visual effects.
LaTeX is about writing whatever you want , and the user's energy is focused on structure and content.
This is reflected in several points.
All you need to say is this is a title, that is a citation, and this is an illustration, and LaTeX puts them where they should be, without worrying about the details of position, size, font, etc. Many academic journals provide templates, which further saves authors time in adjusting formats .
The mathematical formulas are beautiful and professional, and the input is very convenient. As long as you know how to read, you will know how to write . I usually use LaTeX code when I communicate mathematics with others in plain text. Chemical formulas, musical scores, and unpopular special symbols of various majors also have very convenient support .
Encouraging, or even forcing, users to define a clear essay structure helps develop good essay writing habits. Structural commands are easy to understand and remember, almost consistent with everyday English conversation , and can easily generate references, footnotes, table of contents, indexes, etc.
The same style is also extended to the production of slideshows (the popular Beamer), pictures (TikZ, PSTrick).
As far as typography is concerned, Word is far behind. Write a paper in Word, spend a lot of time struggling with formatting, and you may not be able to get it right. The only knowledge I have about typography and fonts comes from working with LaTeX. Such professionalism greatly facilitates the communication between authors, reviewers and editors about the format. A large number of professional books, journals, and even dictionaries are produced in TeX.
academically
LaTeX is the standard in the scientific community , and many journals provide templates and even online compilation capabilities.
It's hard to do fancy text and slideshows with LaTeX, everything is concise and focused on content.
Word is easy to modify and doesn't seem serious enough. PDF or PS are more formal and more beautiful .
Qualified mathematical software can convert to LaTeX, and qualified literature management software can generate BibTex.
Regarding mathematical software, the most exaggerated one I have seen so far is SageTex, which executes Sage programs directly inside LaTeX.
My current usage habits are: use LaTeX for serious and formal documents, GDoc for short and casual documents, and never use Microsoft.
Finally, I quote several LaTeX shortcomings mentioned in the classic introductory textbook lshort jokingly (the effect of random flipping):
Not very useful for those who sell their souls;
Redesigning the entire typography yourself takes time;
Articles that are poorly organized are not easy to write;
Your hamster may never master logical markup languages.
作者：punishment
https://www.zhihu.com/question/20542113/answer/86815246
The comparison of LaTeX and Word is actually a problem that exists only in the field of English academic writing, because LaTeX is rarely used in other fields. In academic writing alone, there are actually problems with both, and there is no perfect one-stop solution.
For example,
The default font style of Word is generally not the standard font label specified by academic conferences and journals (for example, the default Calibri is a sans-serif font), which needs to be manually modified one by one;
Word's floating window design for images and tables often results in the software refusing to place the floating window where the user wants it, or creating large blank pages, or automatically "optimizing" the floating window position to nowhere, or putting too much The floating windows are stacked together; the floating window design of the picture description often causes the picture description to be separated from the picture, or falls into the inside of the picture and cannot be selected by clicking; the floating window sometimes causes the document to be damaged and cannot be saved, or the position is different when opened by different users. Same;
Word's bibliographic database is not an open source format. Both endnote and refworks are third-party software that you have to learn for a fee. In fact, the easiest way to cite documents is to manually input them one by one;
Word's features such as autocorrect, autoscale, automatically assign table widths, grids, etc. make it difficult for users to fine-tune the document; when referencing content created by other Office software in Word, these features often cause objects such as flowcharts to occur. Deformation requires user fine-tuning, and then enters an endless loop of man-machine fight;
Word provides the function of modifying the content created by other Office software within the Word environment; however, this function does not change the content of the source file, but modifies the reference copy, which is not conducive to version management, and it is easy for users to change the source file and think it has been modified together. All omissions by reference to copies;
There are very few image formats that LaTeX can support. Generally speaking, if you use the graphicx package, it is best to convert it into pdf/png/eps format. If there is no graphicx package, the original version only supports eps format, which brings a series of problems: there are not many image conversion tools that support eps format. eps will have zoom errors.
The table environment of LaTeX is very simple, and the basic automatic width and height adjustment functions need to be solved by adding a package;
Many basic functions of LaTeX need to be solved with additional packages. This is a very serious problem when submitting to some journals (such as Springer) that require authors to upload source files and compile them on the server: you don't know whether there is a package you need on the server. Some specific packages are specified in the class files provided by some journals/conferences, which may cause compatibility problems and offset the original LaTeX advantage of 0 modification of the same manuscript;
LaTeX does not have a built-in track change function, which leads to comments on revisions when reviewing drafts, either using the pdf comment function or typing out paper and pen revisions, which is not as convenient as Word.
The special emphasis on English academic writing here is because the format, font, labeling and other requirements that Chinese academic writing usually needs to follow are basically formulated according to Word. The current users of LaTeX's Chinese package are too few and lack support, so they cannot compete in this regard.
In comparison, Word's problem is mostly over-design, and LaTeX's problem is mostly under-design. The main reason why LaTeX is relatively good is mainly that under-design is easier to compensate for than over-design: you can write a script to implement the functions without it, but many of the designs that Word has forced into you cannot be changed.
In the long run, as a business software, the problem of over-design of Word is likely to intensify: new features are new selling points after all. Conservativeness on the LaTeX version may instead make it timeless.
Author: Wang Hanhou
https://www.zhihu.com/question/20542113/answer/702857426
General for Word, professional for LaTeX. It is convenient to use Word to do chores, such as making application forms, letters, certification materials, etc. For some professional things, such as writing technical papers, applying a template in LaTeX, everything is set up, it is not too comfortable. In contrast, although Word can also do this, it has various small problems with it.
LaTeX has high-quality templates, Word does not. All those who blow Word templates, I suspect that you either have never used LaTeX, or you don't understand Word. Although Word has a style function, so far Microsoft has not been able to clearly tell you how to use Word's style and template functions correctly, and there is no unified solution for the entire industry. The functionality still has significant design flaws to this day).
The learning cost of LaTeX is much lower than that of Word (as long as it does not exclude writing code). The answerer spent an afternoon studying TinyTex and Elsevier's LaTeX templates, and started writing documents the next day. Then encountered some problems, there is nothing that can't be solved within 10 minutes of searching for information. Same thing, I've spent probably over a week in Word and haven't quite figured it out yet.
LaTeX is more efficient and controllable by writing code typeset. Graphical operations in Word are not only inefficient, but users are helpless when something goes wrong. Especially automatic numbering, cross-references, references, etc.
The conclusion is: do professional things with professional tools. Word wasn't designed for writing technical articles, and revamping Word is stupid and inefficient. In addition, give up when it's time to give up, the Word skills that most people master are actually not worth mentioning.
Author: Fish that can't swim
https://www.zhihu.com/question/20542113/answer/1131480849
Each has pros and cons
For papers with stricter formatting requirements, LaTex is obviously more advantageous, because Word is content-oriented. I believe that many people feel that they have no love when they use Word for typesetting, and LaTex's template library is already perfect. , greatly reducing the workload of typesetting, both standardized and beautiful
However, the shortcomings of LaTex are also obvious, that is, it is not easy to get started, and the grammar inside needs to be learned. I think the essence of its grammar is to construct an environment one by one, and then fill in the content, and the installation is also more troublesome, I use texlive 64 bit, debugged for a long time
I used LaTex to participate in the National Mathematical Modeling Competition and the American Competition. There are many templates on the Internet for reference. Of course, the big guys can also write their own templates.
Finally, a few useful LaTex gadgets from Amway. The first is Overleaf, a British software that can edit tex files online. After recharging, it can be edited by multiple people, which is a must for playing games; the second is Mathpix Snipping Tool, which can be used to take screenshots. Get almost everything The tex code of the mathematical formula is not too cool. It seems that the table can also be used, but there is a limit on the number of times. After recharging, it can be used unlimited times. The last one is Excel2LaTex, which is an Excel plugin that can output the code of the table in Excel. These artifacts are frequently used by me, which can greatly improve the editing efficiency of papers, especially papers with many formula tables.
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