As a small partner who has just entered the Java field, both college graduates and in-service personnel who are interested in changing careers are faced with many puzzles as follows.
l How to learn Java language?
l What skills do you need to master during the Java learning process?
l What are the requirements of major companies for Java development?
l What are the precautions during the Java learning process?
l What is the career development plan for Java engineers?
I divided the learning process of Java into 4 stages: theoretical stage, development stage, advanced stage and actual combat stage.
Theoretical stage
Before specifically talking about Java knowledge points, I would like to talk to my classmates about some of the characteristics, ecosystem, and applicable scenarios of the Java language itself , which will help us learn the language itself better.
First, let's talk about some characteristics of the Java language from the implementation mechanism of the Java language itself:
Object-oriented: Java is an object-oriented programming language. The features of encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism make the Java language suitable for the development of large-scale software systems.
Cross-platform: This is one of the most important features of Java. Thanks to the support of the virtual machine, Java code can run seamlessly in any operating system without recompiling;
Transparent memory management: The most troublesome thing for students doing C/C++ is the memory leak problem. In Java, because the virtual machine automatically reclaims the memory space that is no longer used, the programmer does not need to explicitly reclaim the memory.
Sufficient performance: Performance has always been one of the most criticized problems in Java, but after java6, with the continuous advancement of JVM virtual machine compilation and optimization technology and continuous optimization of garbage collection algorithms, the performance of Java has been able to meet the requirements of most systems. Requirements, even in low-level systems with extremely demanding performance requirements, we can also see Java.
In addition, Java has a complete ecosystem:
Java has a large number of third-party libraries . As a developer, you will find that being a Java programmer is a very happy thing, because many things have been done for you by others, and all you need to do is The wheels made by others are assembled to fulfill your business needs.
Java has a very complete development environment Eclipse , integrates a lot of practical functions, and the operation interface is very friendly.
Java has many excellent frameworks . Based on these frameworks, a scalable business system can be quickly developed.
Java has very active communities and forums . When you encounter problems, you can quickly get help from others.
Introduced these advantages of Java, which system development is Java suitable for?
——Web system
——Mobile application server and Android client development
——Middleware system
——Back-end systems: such as big data related systems
In the theoretical study stage, students should first learn from the basic grammar of Java, including variable declarations, conditional judgments, loops, and function writing. In addition, you should also understand the basic knowledge of Web, such as http protocol, B\S architecture of Web applications. Database is an indispensable persistent component of Java application system. In the theoretical learning stage, you need to learn SQL syntax related knowledge. Here are two tips:
1. You can consolidate the results of Java grammar learning by completing some algorithmic topics;
2. Good memory is not as good as bad writing: take more notes and practice frequently;
development stage
After the theoretical stage of learning, you should have mastered the basics of Java. Enter the development stage, you need to master some skills that need to be used in the daily actual Java project development process.
First of all, if you want to do well, you must first sharpen your tools, so you must first be proficient in the common development tools and development environment of Java.
Maven is a Java folder management software commonly used by large companies at present, which can help developers solve the dependency and version management between Java folders.
Git, as a code warehouse management software, can help us implement code version and branch management.
Ecplise is currently the most widely used development environment for Java, which integrates commonly used plug-ins such as Maven and Git.
Secondly, in terms of knowledge learning, you need to master object-oriented knowledge, such as the definition methods of classes and objects, how to implement object inheritance, how to implement polymorphism based on interfaces, etc.; Java containers are also used very frequently in the development process, including List, Set, Map, etc., it is best to understand the implementation mechanism and applicable scenarios of each container. On the Web side, students need to master Servlet programming, including Servlt config and context writing; on the database side, students need to master JDBC and be able to add, delete, modify, and check databases based on JDBC.
Finally, talk about the misunderstandings that are prone to occur in this stage of learning:
l Don't try to pass the compilation at one time. Many students will be very anxious when they encounter compilation errors. In fact, there are dependencies between errors. If you solve an error, the subsequent error may be automatically resolved. Don't be intimidated by a large number of errors.
l Don't copy the code. I think a very bad habit of programmers is to copy the code, especially in the introductory stage, try to type the code by yourself.
l Pay attention to programming specifications: students should pay attention to programming specifications from the beginning of code learning, such as variable name definition rules, function name definition rules, and develop good programming habits.
Advanced stage
Having mastered the basic development skills, the advanced stage mainly exercises the developer's ability to improve development efficiency and solve practical problems in actual typical business scenarios.
In terms of Web basics , it is necessary to master the relevant knowledge of Cookies and Sessions, forwarding and redirection, filters, and listeners;
On the database side , learn how to use database connection pools, why use database connection pools, database deadlocks, and database SQL injection related concepts.
In terms of Java language , we must start to learn Java application frameworks, such as mybatis and Spting. These frameworks can help us build Java projects more efficiently. During the framework learning process, I think not only to learn how to develop a system based on the framework, but also to pay attention to the framework's own design ideas, which is very helpful for developers to improve their code architecture capabilities.
In the advanced stage, pay attention to the following:
l Problem-oriented: Java knowledge is complex, problem-oriented, as an entry point, can improve the efficiency of Java learning;
l Demand resolution in specific scenarios: Each architecture has a typical application scenario, which must be combined with actual application scenarios to analyze and solve problems;
l Use Google: As a programmer, it is normal to encounter unknown problems. The key is to make good use of Google, communities, and forums;
l Continuous improvement and optimization of performance: In the advanced stage, students should have basic performance tuning capabilities and focus on performance management;
Actual combat stage
Computer programming is a field that pays great attention to actual combat. In the process of learning Java, there must be a practical project to help everyone consolidate the previous learning results, which is very helpful for the follow-up to quickly get started with the company's actual business.
You can use some cloud platforms to familiarize yourself with the process of environment setup and deployment. It is recommended that you learn Docker related technologies. Microservices are currently a popular architecture in system design. With the help of Docker's rapid deployment, service discovery, and service orchestration features, it can help us achieve rapid system release and elastic expansion.
In the actual combat stage, the following points should be focused on:
l Document writing: Writing detailed design documents is also a skill that programmers must possess. They should learn the writing format and writing specifications of design documents.
l Design mode: Students should pay attention to the design mode when writing code in the actual combat stage, and improve the readability and reusability of the code as much as possible.
l Checking and processing of boundary conditions: In the actual development process, the most problems of the system are focused on the check and processing of boundary conditions. Students should consciously consider these issues in the actual development process.
After reading this sharing, I don’t know if you have more insights about your Java learning~ If you have more questions about Java learning,
Engaged in the IT industry for many years, using Java, front-end, knowledge of Python, and many years of development experience. If you are getting started learning Java, you can apply to join my Java learning exchange circle: 766328863 . I uploaded some learning manuals, interview questions, development tools, PDF documents, books and tutorials that I have compiled in the past few years when I have been working on Java. If you need them, you can download them by yourself.
Statistics show that the demand for software talents is increasing at a rate of about 20% every year. Among them, the recruitment demand for Java positions has been 60%-70%, and the market demand is very large. For Java programmers, mastering more technology means more opportunities and higher salaries.
You can't hesitate to learn Internet technology, otherwise you will pass the high salary.