What are the solar photovoltaic power generation systems and what are the principles? The
solar power generation system is composed of solar cells, solar controllers, and batteries (groups). If the output power is AC 220V or 110V and needs to be complementary to the mains, it is also necessary to configure an inverter and a smart switch for the mains.
1. Solar cell array or solar panel
This is the core part of the solar photovoltaic power generation system . Its main function is to convert solar photons into electrical energy to promote the work of the load. Solar cells are divided into monocrystalline silicon solar cells, polycrystalline silicon solar cells, and amorphous silicon solar cells. Compared with the other two types, the monocrystalline silicon battery is more durable, has a longer service life (generally up to 20 years), and has high photoelectric conversion efficiency, which makes it the most commonly used battery.
2. Solar charge controller
Its main job is to control the state of the entire system, and at the same time protect the battery from overcharging and overdischarging. In places where the temperature is particularly low, it also has a temperature compensation function. 
3. Solar deep-cycle battery pack.
As the name suggests, the battery stores electricity. It mainly stores the electric energy converted from solar panels. Generally, it is a lead-acid battery, which can be recycled for many times.
In the entire monitoring system, some equipment needs to provide 220V, 110V AC power, and the direct output of solar energy is generally 12VDc, 24VDc, 48VDc. Therefore, in order to provide power to 22VAC and 11OVAc devices, a DC/AC inverter must be added to the system to convert the DC power generated in the solar photovoltaic power generation system into AC power.
The principle of
solar power generation The simplest principle of solar power generation is what we call a chemical reaction, that is, the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy. This conversion process is the process by which solar radiation energy photons are converted into electrical energy through semiconductor materials. It is usually called the "photovoltaic effect". Solar cells are made using this effect.
We know that when sunlight hits a semiconductor, some of the photons are reflected off the surface, and the rest are either absorbed by the semiconductor or transmitted through the semiconductor. Of course, some of the absorbed photons become heat, and the other~ These photons collide with the valence electrons of the atoms that make up the semiconductor, thus generating electron-hole pairs. In this way, sunlight energy is converted into electric energy in the form of generating electron-hole pairs, and then reacts through the electric field inside the semiconductor to generate a certain current. If the battery semiconductors are connected in various ways, multiple currents and voltages are formed. , So as to output power.
The working principle of the solar video monitoring power supply system:
1. When the sun is strong, the current generated by the solar photovoltaic module converges to the controller, and the controller monitors the power supply. The solar photovoltaic module supplies power to the video monitoring component through the controller, and at the same time stores more energy in the energy storage system.
2. When the sun is weak and the power generation of the solar energy storage unit board cannot meet the energy required for video surveillance, the load will not only obtain energy from the solar energy storage unit board, but the energy storage system is in a discharge state at the same time to meet the stable operation of video surveillance. .
3. When the sun conditions are not good at night or cloudy, the energy storage system will be used to supply power to the video surveillance system.
The installation of a wireless monitoring system in the field seriously affects the application due to the remote installation of the equipment where it is unable to supply power, or the cost of power supply is too high, and the power supply is unstable. This situation can be solved with solar power supply. The working principle of the solar-powered wireless video monitoring system is that solar cell modules convert the light energy of the sun into electrical energy. Solar charge and discharge control is used as the central control device to convert the electrical energy converted by solar cell modules on the one hand. Stored in the battery pack, on the one hand, it controls the battery pack to supply power to cameras, wireless video transmission equipment and other load equipment. If there is an AC device in the electrical equipment, the DC power can be inverted into AC power through the inverter to provide power to the AC device.
According to the power demand of the system equipment, it can output different voltages such as 12V/24V/36V/48/220V to meet the power supply needs of various equipment. The wireless video surveillance system is reliable and stable, and can meet various harsh outdoor working environments.
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