Excerpt: https://www.cnblogs.com/powertoolsteam/p/12617362.html
In 2020, cross-platform development framework is now going on now?
Please indicate the source: Grape City's official website , Grape City to provide professional development tools for developers, solutions and services, enabling developers.
Original Source: https: //dzone.com/articles/cross-platform-mobile-development-2020-trends-and
Over the years, cross-platform mobile development has gained a reputation as one of the most popular software development trends. This is not surprising, because the use of cross-platform development technology enables software engineers to use the same code will be able to build applications for different platforms, saving time, money and unnecessary work.
Status of the mobile market
As of December 2019, active users worldwide has exceeded 4.5 billion. They average time spent online per person 6 hours 42 minutes, the equivalent of the Internet more than 100 days per year.
Plus there is a growing desire to get a flood of information from the handheld device, it provides a reasonable explanation for why mobile applications would be so popular. As of 2019, global mobile application revenue of $ 46.1 billion and is expected to 2023, paid downloads and in-app advertising revenue is expected to exceed $ 935 billion.
Mobile development technology selection
Ten years ago, the owners must decide which mobile operating system that their products will cover: Android, iOS, Microsoft, RIM or Symbian. Today, the founder of start-up companies are faced with a different dilemma, because the Android and iOS accounted for 98% of the mobile operating system market share, it is clear that the two systems can not be ignored, covering what the platform is no longer a problem. But the question is, what method to build an application can be used on both platforms should be used?
Each operating system corresponding to a development environment
As the name implies, it is used to develop Java or Android Kotlin for developing iOS is Objective-C, or SWIFT. As the development of different applications use different development language, not a good news for developers,.
Although the specific development environments with efficient deployment of resources more efficient for a particular operating system, to prevent performance problems occur. But the disadvantages are also obvious, your developers need to use different programming languages to build two separate applications, which need to pay more time, money and effort.
Progressive Web Application (PWA)
One example that can solve the problem is the progressive Web Application (PWA), which is basically a website imitating native application behavior (for example, the push notifications, offline work, or just added to the mobile device's main screen ). However, just like any other options, like, PWA is not perfect, because they consume more battery, and the application can not be granted use of all the functions.
Cross-platform application development
But fortunately we have a cross-platform development options, with a code which allows for the two operating systems at the same time to develop applications. It does not use one fixed platform programming language to write code. Moreover, due to the direct use of native control system to render the interface, which provides near-native platform application experience for users.
I do not want to use cross-platform development of this technology?
Here, I'll help you through a series of dimensions to assess whether you should adopt this form of cross-platform development to adapt your business.
platform
First and foremost, you need to decide your app is still a need to be available on multiple operating systems. If your target group is composed by the users of different platforms, then the cross-platform development will be the preferred solution.
On the other hand, if you only Android user community or a certain iOS, then with the native solution to develop your first choice.
Complexity
This standard deals with the products you want to go far. One way to solve this problem is to use MVP Your goal is to test your vision, or you are ready to use sophisticated application starts running. Another question you need to answer is the product's features (for example, access to mobile device hardware or platform-specific function).
Native Experience
Are your users want to use native or near-native experience. Mobile applications using Material Design (Android) or Human Interface Guidance (iOS) mobile products are designed for intuitive and user-friendly reason. We should design mobile applications to consider these, but you can use cross-platform framework to achieve a similar effect.
Time and costs
One thing is for sure, native development cost is not low, efficiency is not high. Build different applications for different platforms need to hire more developers, which may lead to start-ups early in the project will exceed tight project budget. Meanwhile, if the method of cross-platform, you can outsource to a smaller but equally professional team, when the solution which is both a province and also a cost-effective solution.
Cross-platform mobile application development advantages (and disadvantages)
Suppose you have concluded that you prefer cross-platform mobile application development, but before a determined effort to resolve this you need the advantages and disadvantages of a thorough understanding of the program, it does not matter, here I list one by one for you.
The benefits of cross-platform mobile application development
Broader market coverage
While each of us has their favorite mobile operating system, personal preferences but does not prevent the success of your business. Let Android and iOS users also can use your mobile application, can lay the foundation for future upgrade higher included.
Set of code
Cross-platform development while allowing you to write code that contains multiple operating systems (sometimes there are differences in processing platform). Nevertheless, a set of codes will definitely affect all phases of the software development process, as it may save costs normally spent on repair and upgrade of two separate sets of code for you.
More efficient publishing process
Although only one set of code, but cross-platform application development still requires developers to consider the approach to system differences, such as publishing process to the platform store.
This approach will reduce the time from design to distribution. In other words, this can save a great amount of the initial project budget for you.
Platform consistency
There is no doubt, Android and iOS are very different in terms of user experience and user interface, the most part these differences can help you deal with default cross-platform development framework, which makes it inconsistent design and actual performance occurs the possibility of further reduced.
What are the disadvantages?
Despite the above advantages, but it is by no means any shortcomings or not, its main drawbacks include performance may be lower and slightly worse user experience and user interface.
2020 What cross-platform mobile development framework worthy of consideration
Although APP cross-platform mobile development advantages and disadvantages. However, start-up business perspective, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages should be. Moreover, with the growing demand for cross-platform mobile application is now available and the number of tools framework has also been very substantial.
But too much can select a headache, which is why we focus only on the most prominent reasons for cross-platform mobile development framework: React Native, Flutter, NativeScript, and Xamarin.
To give you a better understanding of what makes these tools become selectable options 2020 software development, we will be scoring them according to the following criteria: community support, based programming language, code reusability, performance, interface, and use critical applications they build.
React Native
Reaction Native Facebook is released in 2015, open source, cross-platform application development framework. As the product of an internal hackathon held in 2013, it has become one of the native App development alternatives of the most popular, with 2043 GitHub contributors, received more than 82900 GitHub starred. Increasing community awareness so that to find a reliable and experienced development team to undertake your project becomes relatively easy.
Learn Once and Write Anywhere
Based React.JS, React Native use of JavaScript (based on 2019 survey of Stack Overflow, JavaScript has become the most popular programming language), provides application look and feel of a true native for Android and iOS users. Further, apart of the frame so that, if you need, React Native allows you to use Java, Objective-C code some native or SWIFT module smooth handling complex operations, such as video playback or image editing.
Although these components can not be shared between different platforms, and developers need to do more work, but as many as 90% of the React Native code that can be reused. A good indication of the framework motto is not "Write Once, Use Anywhere", but "learn once, write anywhere".
On the GUI terms, React Native can provide near native user experience, thanks to its use of the Android and iOS local controller. It also uses ReactJS library with UI elements, which helps speed up the UI design process. When developing a mobile application that allows this framework Another reason worth considering is that it can be used to make changes to UI without loss of application state.
Another React Native to become one of the cross-platform mobile development framework of choice in 2020, because of continuous updates, such as recent versions 0.60 and 0.61:
- A number of accessibility improvements.
- Clearer, more user-friendly start screen.
- Fast refresh, the integration of real-time and heat reloaded, thereby significantly speed up the development process.
Release Note as above except React Native adapt to the changing needs which a small sample.
Flutter
2020 worth considering the second frame is Flutter. It on Google I / O 2017 announced and released in 2018 for the world cross-platform, it still is a "new man." Nevertheless, it has received more than 80500 GitHub star and the vast majority of engineers referred to as one of 2019's most popular survey Stack Overflow three frames, Flutter definitely a force to be reckoned with.
How Dart is to become a unique Flutter
Flutter behind the programming language Dart, Google called "client optimization" for on any platform "to quickly build applications." It was launched in 2011, is a responsive object-oriented language developers think is relatively easy to learn, which for two reasons: first, it draws on grammar C / C ++ and Java; the second, at the official website You can find a wide range of fairly simple document. It is worth mentioning that, Dart comes with a large Flutter compatible software package package that allows you to make the application more complex.
Flutter is a major advantage, its performance better than any other cross-platform mobile development framework mentioned in this article. This is due to the Dart compiler and Flutter has its own set of widgets. As a result it faster and more direct communication with the platform directly, without the need for JavaScript bridge (for example, Reaction Native is the case). Speaking widget: By "UI-as-a-code" Flutter methods, which are only written DART, which increases the reusability of code.
Efficiency and user experience and interface are inseparable. As described above, it does not depend on a set of Flutter primary component, but the use of visual, structural, internet and interactive design of UI widgets, all of which are rendered graphics engine frame. More importantly, Flutter left a lot of room for customization, if you want to design a very perfect UI, it is a good choice.
Speaking of updates, the latest stable version of Flutter was released on December 12, according to the official release notes that incorporates nearly 2,000 pull from 188 contributors. For example, an improved version 1.12.13 includes:
- Significant changes in the API.
- New features such as small parts and SliverOpacity SliverAnimatedList.
- Fixed crashes and performance issues.
- Beta version of Web support.
This is not a complete list, because Flutter goal is to get four releases each year each version is able to enhance the availability of a frame level.
Flutter is a young cross-platform mobile application development framework, so it's not like React Native favored by many large companies is not surprising. However, this does not mean it is not good, as of December 2019, it is also for many companies and business Alibaba, Google advertising, Groupon, etc. used.
NativeScript
If you want to start developing your product, "React Native" and "Flutter" is not the only solution. In early 2020, an alternative framework for your business may also be NativeScript.
This open source framework for public release in March 2015, and quickly became a popular solution. For example, in just two months after the release, it won the 3000 Star GitHub, and attracted the attention of more than 1,500 fans on Twitter. To date, there are over 700 plug-ins to choose from on the market.
When using NativeScript build cross-platform application developers to write code in JavaScript and first superset TypeScript. Then, the code is compiled into a database platform for their native programming language.
Also worth mentioning is the use of NativeScript developers can also use third-party libraries (CocoaPods and Android SDK), without packaging.
And React Native similar, NativeScript allow access to Android and iOS native API, which has a significant positive impact on the cross-platform applications. However, the difference is that the former need to build a bridge API, while the latter (with Progress chief developer advocate TJ VanToll words, "all iOS and Android API inject JavaScript virtual machine"). Another similarity is that the frame and Facebook code reuse in both cases can reach 90%.
Xamarin
Xamarin open source framework created in 2011, making it to this list of the most "old" framework, but until five years ago when it was acquired by Microsoft, it has gained a momentum of development. As of today, it boasts more than 60,000 contributors to the community.
Technically, the use Xamarin to build cross-platform mobile application, you need a good grasp of .NET and C # both techniques, the former is the use of multiple languages (including C # programming language), editors, and libraries development platform. Xamarin with a set of tools that complement the above platforms, these tools help build cross-platform applications, such as libraries, editors expand and XAML. The second technique is C #, which is an object-oriented programming language, it is considered it a little difficult to learn than JavaScript. Xamarin use this programming language to write an entire application, from back-to-native API, then the business logic.
Xamarin.Native 和 Xamarin.Forms
Xamarin different from other frameworks is that it offers two ways to compile cross-platform mobile applications: Xamarin Native (also known as Xamarin.Android/iOS) and Xamarin.Forms. The former method is preferred share business logic, and to achieve near-native performance by using native interface controls.
The latter focuses on sharing code instead of business principles, this area will lead to increased code reuse ratio (using Xamarin, developers can reuse up to 96% of the C # code), but on the other hand this will reduce the performance of the code.
You may have noticed, is closely related to cross-platform mobile application performance and GUI, so if I say Xamarin to build applications both methods have a great impact on the final appearance of the interface, I probably would not be surprised.
Xamarin.Android/iOS allows developers to use native widgets and layouts, and Xamarin.Forms standards-based UI elements, allowing applications from a single API design, but if you need a more perfect native UI, it may not be enough.
2020 cross-platform application development is also worth consideration?
In any case, cross-platform is indeed worthy of consideration and a promising direction, especially when we mentioned above "React Native" and "Flutter".
The former is a mature and stable framework, use one of the most popular programming languages, and has a large mature developer community. The latter is a rapid development of technology, despite its Native younger than React, it has won the favor of many developers around the world.
But whether you choose the "React Native", "Flutter" or any other framework, cross-platform approach will save both time and money, and can maximize market coverage for you.
Finally, it is worthwhile to consider, ultimately it depends on your business goals, budget and time frame.
This article is published by Grape City technology development team, please indicate the source: Grape City's official website
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Please indicate the source: Grape City's official website , Grape City to provide professional development tools for developers, solutions and services, enabling developers.
Original Source: https: //dzone.com/articles/cross-platform-mobile-development-2020-trends-and
Over the years, cross-platform mobile development has gained a reputation as one of the most popular software development trends. This is not surprising, because the use of cross-platform development technology enables software engineers to use the same code will be able to build applications for different platforms, saving time, money and unnecessary work.
Status of the mobile market
As of December 2019, active users worldwide has exceeded 4.5 billion. They average time spent online per person 6 hours 42 minutes, the equivalent of the Internet more than 100 days per year.
Plus there is a growing desire to get a flood of information from the handheld device, it provides a reasonable explanation for why mobile applications would be so popular. As of 2019, global mobile application revenue of $ 46.1 billion and is expected to 2023, paid downloads and in-app advertising revenue is expected to exceed $ 935 billion.
Mobile development technology selection
Ten years ago, the owners must decide which mobile operating system that their products will cover: Android, iOS, Microsoft, RIM or Symbian. Today, the founder of start-up companies are faced with a different dilemma, because the Android and iOS accounted for 98% of the mobile operating system market share, it is clear that the two systems can not be ignored, covering what the platform is no longer a problem. But the question is, what method to build an application can be used on both platforms should be used?
Each operating system corresponding to a development environment
As the name implies, it is used to develop Java or Android Kotlin for developing iOS is Objective-C, or SWIFT. As the development of different applications use different development language, not a good news for developers,.
Although the specific development environments with efficient deployment of resources more efficient for a particular operating system, to prevent performance problems occur. But the disadvantages are also obvious, your developers need to use different programming languages to build two separate applications, which need to pay more time, money and effort.
Progressive Web Application (PWA)
One example that can solve the problem is the progressive Web Application (PWA), which is basically a website imitating native application behavior (for example, the push notifications, offline work, or just added to the mobile device's main screen ). However, just like any other options, like, PWA is not perfect, because they consume more battery, and the application can not be granted use of all the functions.
Cross-platform application development
But fortunately we have a cross-platform development options, with a code which allows for the two operating systems at the same time to develop applications. It does not use one fixed platform programming language to write code. Moreover, due to the direct use of native control system to render the interface, which provides near-native platform application experience for users.
I do not want to use cross-platform development of this technology?
Here, I'll help you through a series of dimensions to assess whether you should adopt this form of cross-platform development to adapt your business.
platform
First and foremost, you need to decide your app is still a need to be available on multiple operating systems. If your target group is composed by the users of different platforms, then the cross-platform development will be the preferred solution.
On the other hand, if you only Android user community or a certain iOS, then with the native solution to develop your first choice.
Complexity
This standard deals with the products you want to go far. One way to solve this problem is to use MVP Your goal is to test your vision, or you are ready to use sophisticated application starts running. Another question you need to answer is the product's features (for example, access to mobile device hardware or platform-specific function).
Native Experience
Are your users want to use native or near-native experience. Mobile applications using Material Design (Android) or Human Interface Guidance (iOS) mobile products are designed for intuitive and user-friendly reason. We should design mobile applications to consider these, but you can use cross-platform framework to achieve a similar effect.
Time and costs
One thing is for sure, native development cost is not low, efficiency is not high. Build different applications for different platforms need to hire more developers, which may lead to start-ups early in the project will exceed tight project budget. Meanwhile, if the method of cross-platform, you can outsource to a smaller but equally professional team, when the solution which is both a province and also a cost-effective solution.
Cross-platform mobile application development advantages (and disadvantages)
Suppose you have concluded that you prefer cross-platform mobile application development, but before a determined effort to resolve this you need the advantages and disadvantages of a thorough understanding of the program, it does not matter, here I list one by one for you.
The benefits of cross-platform mobile application development
Broader market coverage
While each of us has their favorite mobile operating system, personal preferences but does not prevent the success of your business. Let Android and iOS users also can use your mobile application, can lay the foundation for future upgrade higher included.
Set of code
Cross-platform development while allowing you to write code that contains multiple operating systems (sometimes there are differences in processing platform). Nevertheless, a set of codes will definitely affect all phases of the software development process, as it may save costs normally spent on repair and upgrade of two separate sets of code for you.
More efficient publishing process
Although only one set of code, but cross-platform application development still requires developers to consider the approach to system differences, such as publishing process to the platform store.
This approach will reduce the time from design to distribution. In other words, this can save a great amount of the initial project budget for you.
Platform consistency
There is no doubt, Android and iOS are very different in terms of user experience and user interface, the most part these differences can help you deal with default cross-platform development framework, which makes it inconsistent design and actual performance occurs the possibility of further reduced.
What are the disadvantages?
Despite the above advantages, but it is by no means any shortcomings or not, its main drawbacks include performance may be lower and slightly worse user experience and user interface.
2020 What cross-platform mobile development framework worthy of consideration
Although APP cross-platform mobile development advantages and disadvantages. However, start-up business perspective, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages should be. Moreover, with the growing demand for cross-platform mobile application is now available and the number of tools framework has also been very substantial.
But too much can select a headache, which is why we focus only on the most prominent reasons for cross-platform mobile development framework: React Native, Flutter, NativeScript, and Xamarin.
To give you a better understanding of what makes these tools become selectable options 2020 software development, we will be scoring them according to the following criteria: community support, based programming language, code reusability, performance, interface, and use critical applications they build.
React Native
Reaction Native Facebook is released in 2015, open source, cross-platform application development framework. As the product of an internal hackathon held in 2013, it has become one of the native App development alternatives of the most popular, with 2043 GitHub contributors, received more than 82900 GitHub starred. Increasing community awareness so that to find a reliable and experienced development team to undertake your project becomes relatively easy.
Learn Once and Write Anywhere
Based React.JS, React Native use of JavaScript (based on 2019 survey of Stack Overflow, JavaScript has become the most popular programming language), provides application look and feel of a true native for Android and iOS users. Further, apart of the frame so that, if you need, React Native allows you to use Java, Objective-C code some native or SWIFT module smooth handling complex operations, such as video playback or image editing.
Although these components can not be shared between different platforms, and developers need to do more work, but as many as 90% of the React Native code that can be reused. A good indication of the framework motto is not "Write Once, Use Anywhere", but "learn once, write anywhere".
On the GUI terms, React Native can provide near native user experience, thanks to its use of the Android and iOS local controller. It also uses ReactJS library with UI elements, which helps speed up the UI design process. When developing a mobile application that allows this framework Another reason worth considering is that it can be used to make changes to UI without loss of application state.
Another React Native to become one of the cross-platform mobile development framework of choice in 2020, because of continuous updates, such as recent versions 0.60 and 0.61:
- A number of accessibility improvements.
- Clearer, more user-friendly start screen.
- Fast refresh, the integration of real-time and heat reloaded, thereby significantly speed up the development process.
Release Note as above except React Native adapt to the changing needs which a small sample.
Flutter
2020 worth considering the second frame is Flutter. It on Google I / O 2017 announced and released in 2018 for the world cross-platform, it still is a "new man." Nevertheless, it has received more than 80500 GitHub star and the vast majority of engineers referred to as one of 2019's most popular survey Stack Overflow three frames, Flutter definitely a force to be reckoned with.
How Dart is to become a unique Flutter
Flutter behind the programming language Dart, Google called "client optimization" for on any platform "to quickly build applications." It was launched in 2011, is a responsive object-oriented language developers think is relatively easy to learn, which for two reasons: first, it draws on grammar C / C ++ and Java; the second, at the official website You can find a wide range of fairly simple document. It is worth mentioning that, Dart comes with a large Flutter compatible software package package that allows you to make the application more complex.
Flutter is a major advantage, its performance better than any other cross-platform mobile development framework mentioned in this article. This is due to the Dart compiler and Flutter has its own set of widgets. As a result it faster and more direct communication with the platform directly, without the need for JavaScript bridge (for example, Reaction Native is the case). Speaking widget: By "UI-as-a-code" Flutter methods, which are only written DART, which increases the reusability of code.
Efficiency and user experience and interface are inseparable. As described above, it does not depend on a set of Flutter primary component, but the use of visual, structural, internet and interactive design of UI widgets, all of which are rendered graphics engine frame. More importantly, Flutter left a lot of room for customization, if you want to design a very perfect UI, it is a good choice.
Speaking of updates, the latest stable version of Flutter was released on December 12, according to the official release notes that incorporates nearly 2,000 pull from 188 contributors. For example, an improved version 1.12.13 includes:
- Significant changes in the API.
- New features such as small parts and SliverOpacity SliverAnimatedList.
- Fixed crashes and performance issues.
- Beta version of Web support.
This is not a complete list, because Flutter goal is to get four releases each year each version is able to enhance the availability of a frame level.
Flutter is a young cross-platform mobile application development framework, so it's not like React Native favored by many large companies is not surprising. However, this does not mean it is not good, as of December 2019, it is also for many companies and business Alibaba, Google advertising, Groupon, etc. used.
NativeScript
If you want to start developing your product, "React Native" and "Flutter" is not the only solution. In early 2020, an alternative framework for your business may also be NativeScript.
This open source framework for public release in March 2015, and quickly became a popular solution. For example, in just two months after the release, it won the 3000 Star GitHub, and attracted the attention of more than 1,500 fans on Twitter. To date, there are over 700 plug-ins to choose from on the market.
When using NativeScript build cross-platform application developers to write code in JavaScript and first superset TypeScript. Then, the code is compiled into a database platform for their native programming language.
Also worth mentioning is the use of NativeScript developers can also use third-party libraries (CocoaPods and Android SDK), without packaging.
And React Native similar, NativeScript allow access to Android and iOS native API, which has a significant positive impact on the cross-platform applications. However, the difference is that the former need to build a bridge API, while the latter (with Progress chief developer advocate TJ VanToll words, "all iOS and Android API inject JavaScript virtual machine"). Another similarity is that the frame and Facebook code reuse in both cases can reach 90%.
Xamarin
Xamarin open source framework created in 2011, making it to this list of the most "old" framework, but until five years ago when it was acquired by Microsoft, it has gained a momentum of development. As of today, it boasts more than 60,000 contributors to the community.
Technically, the use Xamarin to build cross-platform mobile application, you need a good grasp of .NET and C # both techniques, the former is the use of multiple languages (including C # programming language), editors, and libraries development platform. Xamarin with a set of tools that complement the above platforms, these tools help build cross-platform applications, such as libraries, editors expand and XAML. The second technique is C #, which is an object-oriented programming language, it is considered it a little difficult to learn than JavaScript. Xamarin use this programming language to write an entire application, from back-to-native API, then the business logic.
Xamarin.Native 和 Xamarin.Forms
Xamarin different from other frameworks is that it offers two ways to compile cross-platform mobile applications: Xamarin Native (also known as Xamarin.Android/iOS) and Xamarin.Forms. The former method is preferred share business logic, and to achieve near-native performance by using native interface controls.
The latter focuses on sharing code instead of business principles, this area will lead to increased code reuse ratio (using Xamarin, developers can reuse up to 96% of the C # code), but on the other hand this will reduce the performance of the code.
You may have noticed, is closely related to cross-platform mobile application performance and GUI, so if I say Xamarin to build applications both methods have a great impact on the final appearance of the interface, I probably would not be surprised.
Xamarin.Android/iOS allows developers to use native widgets and layouts, and Xamarin.Forms standards-based UI elements, allowing applications from a single API design, but if you need a more perfect native UI, it may not be enough.
2020 cross-platform application development is also worth consideration?
In any case, cross-platform is indeed worthy of consideration and a promising direction, especially when we mentioned above "React Native" and "Flutter".
The former is a mature and stable framework, use one of the most popular programming languages, and has a large mature developer community. The latter is a rapid development of technology, despite its Native younger than React, it has won the favor of many developers around the world.
But whether you choose the "React Native", "Flutter" or any other framework, cross-platform approach will save both time and money, and can maximize market coverage for you.
Finally, it is worthwhile to consider, ultimately it depends on your business goals, budget and time frame.