阿里云ECS，数据盘挂载

######################1、查看未挂载的硬盘（名称为/dev/xvdb）
[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# fdisk -l 

Disk /dev/xvda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0009e68a

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *        2048    41943039    20970496   83  Linux

Disk /dev/xvdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

######################2、创建分区（我这里就创建了一个分区，便于后续扩展）
[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# fdisk /dev/xvdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x629aca47.

Command (m for help): n  #####这里输入n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p  #####这里输入p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1  #####这里输入1
First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048):   #####这里我默认从2048开始
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199):    #####这里我默认到209715199结束，也就是整个数据盘的大小
Using default value 209715199
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w  #####输入w，分区
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# 

######################3、格式化分区任#######
# 下面有三种文件格式，我选择的是mkfs.ext4
# mkfs.ext3 /dev/xvdb 
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdb
# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/xvdb
##########################################
[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdb
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
6553600 inodes, 26214400 blocks
1310720 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
800 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
	4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done   

[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]#


###################### 查看当前磁盘目录情况
[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# df -lh
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1       20G  1.6G   18G   9% /
devtmpfs        3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs           3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           3.7G  8.3M  3.7G   1% /run
tmpfs           3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

###################### 查看未挂载的硬盘情况
[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/xvda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0009e68a

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *        2048    41943039    20970496   83  Linux

Disk /dev/xvdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

######################4、创建挂载目录
[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# mkdir /zjw
######################5、挂载分区，挂载/dev/xvdb到目录/zjw
[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# mount /dev/xvdb /zjw
######################6、设置开机自动挂载
[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Nov 21 18:16:53 2014
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=6634633e-001d-43ba-8fab-202f1df93339 / ext4 defaults,barrier=0 1 1

/dev/xvdb	/zjw	ext4    defaults        0 0

[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# 

######################7、确认是否挂载成功
[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# reboot  ####重启服务器


######################重新连接ssh后，查看是否挂载成功
# /dev/xvdb        99G   60M   94G   1% /zjw
# 这里可以看到以及挂载成功
##################################################
[root@iZ23zw1ss97Z ~]# df -lh
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1       20G  1.6G   18G   9% /
devtmpfs        3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs           3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           3.7G  8.3M  3.7G   1% /run
tmpfs           3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/xvdb        99G   60M   94G   1% /zjw