作为Hadoop初学者，自然要从安装入手。而hadoop的优势就是分布式，所以，也一定要安装分布式的系统。
整体安装步骤，包括Zookeeper+HDFS+Hbase，为了文章简洁，我会分三篇blog记录我的安装步骤。
本文记录的是集群环境准备，zookeeper的安装步骤。
~~~~~~~~~~~环境准备部分~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
IP部署规划（准备了三个虚拟机，操作系统是Centos6.7）
Zookeeper主机分配
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192.168.67.101 c6701
192.168.67.102 c6702
192.168.67.103 c6703
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HDFS主机分配
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192.168.67.101 c6701
--Namenode+datanode
192.168.67.102 c6702
--datanode
192.168.67.103 c6703
--datanode
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Hbase主机分配
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192.168.67.101 c6701
--Master + region
192.168.67.102 c6702
--region
192.168.67.103 c6703
--region
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1. 为了分别管理各个服务，我为每个服务，都单独创建了用户.
创建的用户有:
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zk
hdfs
hbase
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2. 为每一个用户创建ssh免密,并分发到全部节点，这样，我就只在C6701上执行命令，通过远程的方式安装C6702和C6703
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ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
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拷贝密钥到全部节点即可（只有c6701访问02和03不需要密码，反向访问是需要密码的）
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ssh-copy-id c6701
ssh-copy-id c6702
ssh-copy-id c6703
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3. 强调一下，/etc/hosts 需要设置
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[root@c6701 ~]# more /etc/hosts
192.168.67.101 c6701.org c6701
192.168.67.102 c6702.org c6702
192.168.67.103 c6703.org c6703
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4. 下面在C6701执行，中间会调用ssh远程执行一些命令,验证ssh免密是否生效
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ssh c6702
"cat /proc/cpuinfo"
ssh c6702
"hostname"
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5. 下载安装软件（内网地址）
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cd /tmp/software
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/hbase-1.1.3.tar.gz
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/hadoop-2.6.0-EDH-0u2.tar.gz
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/hadoop-2.7.1.tar.gz
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6. 安装JDK，全部节点都要安装
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#tar -xzvf jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/
local
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7. 添加下面信息到.bash_profile
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export JAVA_HOME=/usr/
local
/jdk1.8.0_144
export JRE_HOME=/usr/
local
/jdk1.8.0_144/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile
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8. 检查版本信息
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# java -version
java version
"1.8.0_144"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_144-b01)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-
Bit
Server VM (build 25.144-b01, mixed mode)
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~~~~~~~~~~~zookeeper的安装部分~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1. 在C6701安装Zookeeper
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useradd zk
echo
"zk:zk"
| chpasswd
su - zk
mkdir zk
tar -zxvf /tmp/software/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz -C /home/zk/zk
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~zoo.cfg的配置~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
$ pwd
/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg
$ cat /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg |grep -v
'^#'
tickTime=2000
initLimit=10
syncLimit=5
dataDir=/data/zookeeper/data
dataLogDir=/data/zookeeper/log
clientPort=2181
autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
autopurge.purgeInterval=6
server.1=c6701:2888:3888
server.2=c6702:2888:3888
server.3=c6703:2888:3888
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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2. 根据zoo.cfg创建data和log两个文件夹
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#mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/data
#mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/log
#chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper
#chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/data
#chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/log
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3.在zookeeper的目录中，创建上述两个文件夹。进入zkdata文件夹，创建文件myid，填入1。这里写入的1，是在zoo.cfg文本中的server.1中的1。当我们把所有文件都配置完毕，我们把hadoop1中yarn目录复制到其它机器中，我们在修改每台机器中对应的myid文本，hadoop2中的myid写入2。其余节点，安照上面配置，依此写入相应的数字。Zkdatalog文件夹，是为了指定zookeeper产生日志指定相应的路径。
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# su - zk -c
"echo 1 > /data/zookeeper/data/myid"
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4. 添加环境变量,在/etc/profile目录中,将ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin在原有的PATH后面加入":$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin"
关于环境变量修改/etc目录下的profile文件，也可以在根目录下的.bashrc目录下添加环境变量。这两者有什么区别：.bashrc是对当前目录用户的环境变量，profile文件是对所有用户都开放的目录。当系统加载文件中，先从profile找相应的路劲，如果没有会在.bashrc文件中找对应的环境变量路径。这两者大家稍至了解。
然后 source /etc/profile
5. 安装c6702的zookeeper
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#ssh c6702
"useradd zk"
#ssh c6702
"echo "
zk:zk
" | chpasswd"
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为zk用户ssh免密
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#ssh-copy-id zk@c6702
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拷贝软件
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#scp -r /tmp/software/hadoop-* root@c6702:/tmp/software
#ssh c6702
"chmod 777 /tmp/software/*"
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创建目录，解压软件
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#ssh zk@c6702
"mkdir zk"
#ssh zk@c6702
"tar -zxvf /tmp/software/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz -C /home/zk/zk"
#ssh zk@c6702
"ls -al zk"
#ssh zk@c6702
"ls -al zk/zookeeper*"
#ssh zk@c6702
"rm /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg"
#scp -r /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg zk@c6702:/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/.
#ssh zk@c6702
"cat /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg |grep -v '^#'"
根据zoo.cfg创建目录
#ssh c6702
"mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/data"
#ssh c6702
"chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper"
#ssh c6702
"chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/data"
#ssh c6702
"mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/log"
#ssh c6702
"chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/log"
创建文件myid，填入2
ssh zk@c6702
"echo 2 > /data/zookeeper/data/myid"
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6. 安装c6703的zookeeper
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#ssh c6703
"useradd zk"
#ssh c6703
"echo "
zk:zk
" | chpasswd"
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为zk用户ssh免密
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ssh-copy-id zk@c6703
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拷贝软件
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#scp -r /tmp/software/hadoop-* root@c6703:/tmp/software
#ssh c6703
"chmod 777 /tmp/software/*"
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创建目录，解压软件
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#ssh zk@c6703
"mkdir zk"
#ssh zk@c6703
"tar -zxvf /tmp/software/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz -C /home/zk/zk"
#ssh zk@c6703
"ls -al zk"
#ssh zk@c6703
"ls -al zk/zookeeper*"
#ssh zk@c6703
"rm /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg"
#scp -r /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg zk@c6703:/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/.
#ssh zk@c6703
"cat /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg |grep -v '^#'"
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根据zoo.cfg创建目录
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#ssh c6703
"mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/data"
#ssh c6703
"chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper"
#ssh c6703
"chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/data"
#ssh c6703
"mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/log"
#ssh c6703
"chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/log"
创建文件myid，填入3
ssh zk@c6703
"echo 3 > /data/zookeeper/data/myid"
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7. 启动ZK
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/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh start
/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh status
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远程启动命令
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ssh zk@c6702
"/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh\ start"
ssh zk@c6703
"/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh\ start"
ssh zk@c6702
"/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh\ status"
ssh zk@c6703
"/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh\ status"
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8. 没有全部启动三个ZK前的状态
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[vagrant@c7003 bin]$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled
by
default
Using config: /home/vagrant/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Error contacting service. It
is
probably
not
running.
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9. 需要将三个ZK全启动之后，才能选举出leader
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$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled
by
default
Using config: /home/vagrant/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower
[vagrant@c7002 bin]$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled
by
default
Using config: /home/vagrant/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader
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=======2018.1.13更新==========
客户端连接方式
客户端是随机顺序的方式连接server的，无法指定，或者优先读哪个一个zookeeper server。
./zkCli.sh -server c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181
输出如下：
第一次连接，连接到c6701上
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[zookeeper@c6702 bin]$ /usr/
local
/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkCli.sh -server c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181
Connecting
to
c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181
......
2018-01-11 21:07:30,797 [myid:] - INFO [main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client
connection
, connectString=c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@4b4bc1e
Welcome
to
ZooKeeper!
2018-01-11 21:07:30,830 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(c6701.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@975] - Opening socket
connection
to
server c6701.python279.org/192.168.67.101:2181. Will
not
attempt
to
authenticate using SASL (unknown error)
JLine support
is
enabled
2018-01-11 21:07:30,873 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(c6701.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@852] - Socket
connection
established
to
c6701.python279.org/192.168.67.101:2181, initiating session
2018-01-11 21:07:30,916 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(c6701.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1235] - Session establishment complete
on
server c6701.python279.org/192.168.67.101:2181, sessionid = 0x160e70285f70001, negotiated timeout = 30000
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:
null
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第二次连接，连接到c6702上
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Connecting
to
c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181
......
2018-01-11 21:10:18,442 [myid:] - INFO [main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client
connection
, connectString=c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@4b4bc1e
Welcome
to
ZooKeeper!
2018-01-11 21:10:18,489 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(c6702.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@975] - Opening socket
connection
to
server c6702.python279.org/192.168.67.102:2181. Will
not
attempt
to
authenticate using SASL (unknown error)
JLine support
is
enabled
2018-01-11 21:10:18,508 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(c6702.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@852] - Socket
connection
established
to
c6702.python279.org/192.168.67.102:2181, initiating session
2018-01-11 21:10:18,561 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(c6702.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1235] - Session establishment complete
on
server c6702.python279.org/192.168.67.102:2181, sessionid = 0x260e70284650002, negotiated timeout = 30000
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:
null
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至此，基础环境部署完。并且zookeeper也安装完成。下面我们会在下一篇文章中，继续安装HDFS。
http://blog.51cto.com/hsbxxl/1971241